废弃LDPE / PA6 / LLDPE 复合膜回收再生的研究

以废弃缓冲空气垫( LDPE/ PA6/ LLDPE) 复合薄膜为基体材料,低密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐( LDPE-g-MAH)为相容剂,通过混合、挤出、吹塑工艺制备了LDPE/ PA6/ LLDPE 再生共混材料,并对相容剂添加量(质量分数)分别为3%,8%,12%,16%时再生共混材料的力学性能、阻隔性能、熔体流动性能和微观形态结构进行了测试与分析。结果表明,LDPE-g-MAH 的加入明显改善了尼龙和聚乙烯共混两相的界面相容性;相容剂添加量为3% ~8%的再生共混材料的阻隔性能较好,相容剂添加量为8% ~16% 的共混合金的力学性能得到了显著提高。     

热塑/热固性聚苯醚的共混改性及其复合材料层压板的性能

以热固性聚苯醚树脂(PPE)为基体,通过添加热塑性聚苯醚树脂(PPO)进行共混改性,制备了热塑/热固性混合聚苯醚树脂体系(PPO/PPE)及其复合材料层压板,并测试了层压板的力学性能及介电性能。结果表明:随PPO添加量的增加,层压板的力学性能先变好后变差;当添加量达到20%时,层压板的铜箔剥离力达到最大值,增加了24%;当添加量达到30%(质量分数,下同)时,层压板的弯曲强度增加了56%;随着PPO添加量的增加,介质的介电常数与介电损耗因数不断增加,当添加量达到40%时,介电常数为3.68,介电损耗为4.77,玻璃化转变温度降低至167℃,最大降低了约19%。     

改性氧化石墨烯相容剂的制备及在聚酰胺6/聚丙烯共混物中的应用研究

通过静电作用将氧化石墨烯(GO)与2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA)结合,得到GO-GTA,再与极性部分(HDE)和聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)反应制得相容剂PP-HDE-g-GO,将其加入聚酰胺6(PA6)/聚丙烯(PP)共混物中。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线多晶衍射仪、热重和力学性能分析,研究了PP-HDE-g-GO含量对PA6/PP共混物性能的影响。结果表明:PP-HDE-g-GO改善了复合材料中两相的相容性,PP粒子均匀地分散于PA6基体;复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能均提高;当PP-HDE-g-GO添加量为0.2%(质量分数)时,复合材料综合性能最优。     

玉米秸秆微晶纤维素/聚乳酸复合膜的制备与性能

采用玉米秸秆微晶纤维素(CSCMC)作为增强材料, 生物可降解材料聚乳酸(PLA)作为基体, 制备了CSCMC/PLA复合膜材料, 并对复合膜的结晶度、热稳定性能、力学性能进行了测试。结果表明, 复合膜材料的热稳定性能和力学性能优于纯聚乳酸膜。当CSCMC的质量分数为10%时, 复合膜的热稳定性能和力学性能达到最佳, 与纯PLA膜相比, 起始分解温度提高了34.38 ℃, 拉伸强度提高了58.3%, 断裂伸长率提高了31.1%。      

甘蔗渣微晶纤维素增强聚乙烯醇复合膜的性能研究

以甘蔗渣微晶纤维素(BCMC)作为增强材料,聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为基体,制备了BCMC/PVA复合膜材料,并对复合膜的结构、热稳定性能、力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,甘蔗渣微晶纤维素增强复合膜材料的热稳定性能和力学性能。当BCMC的质量分数为5%时增强效果最佳,与纯PVA膜相比,起始分解温度和最大重量损失率温度分别增加了11.71℃和36.86℃,拉伸强度提高了17.52%,断裂伸长率提高了29.58%。     

废弃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料填充增强丁腈橡胶的研究

废弃硬质聚氨酯泡沫(WRPUF)用常温固相力化学反应粉碎活化为活性微粉(WRPUFP),再以四乙烯五胺(TEPA)为解交联剂,利用热-力解交联反应对WRPUFP进行表面改性。用表面改性的废弃硬质聚氨酯泡沫活性微粉(MWRPUFP)作为增强填料,以马来酸酐(MAH)为接枝单体、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂与丁腈橡胶(NBR)反应生成的丁腈橡胶接枝马来酸酐(NBR-g-MAH)为相容剂,通过模压法制备MWRPUFP填充增强NBR材料。考察了TEPA、MAH、DCP、MWRPUFP用量对MWRPUFP填充增强NBR材料性能的影响。结果表明:当TEPA质量分数为5%(相对于MWRPUFP质量)、MAH用量为3.5份、DCP用量为0.75份、MWRPUFP用量为20份时,MWRPUFP填充增强NBR材料的性能最佳,其邵氏硬度为59,拉伸强度为8.61MPa,断裂伸长率为1723%,撕裂强度为28kN/m。MWRPUFP填充增强NBR材料撕裂断面的扫描电镜图表明,在热-力作用下生成的相容剂NBR-g-MAH可以改善MWRPUFP与NBR的相容性,从而提高MWRPUFP填充增强NBR材料的力学性能。     

液晶嵌段共聚物对PC/TLCP共混体系相容作用的研究

利用热致液晶高分子(TLCP)PET/60PHB与聚碳酸酯(PC)的多嵌段共聚物作为相容剂,研究了PC与该TLCP共混体系的力学性能、热性能、形貌及织构.研究表明,PC/TLCP二元共混物的相容性很差,TLCP在加工条件下不能形成分散于基体中的具有一定长径比的微纤,得到材料的力学性能较PC基体有所下降.相容剂的加入明显的改进了体系的相容性,表现在三元共混物的力学性能提高、微观TLCP粒子的直径变小,两相界面模糊.     

碳纳米管/炭黑填充型导电聚氨酯弹性体的制备及其性能研究

利用物理共混的方式将不同比例的炭黑(CB)与碳纳米管(CNTs)混合到聚醚型聚氨酯预聚体中,经过扩链、硫化形成导电聚氨酯(PU)弹性体。测试研究了材料的电学性能,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、热重力分析仪(TGA)、电子万能试验机分别对导电PU弹性体的形貌、热稳定性、机械性能进行分析。实验表明,2种填料同时填充时材料的渗滤值介于2种填料单独填充之间。CB与CNTs可以较均匀的分散在PU弹性体中,并且在填料为5%(wt,质量分数,下同)时,随着CNTs含量增加,材料的力学性能有所提高,当CNTs含量为1%时,材料的热分解温度提高了17℃。     

ABS/PBT共混合金的增容研究

研究了相容剂A和相容剂B对ABS/PBT共混合金体系的力学性能和熔体流动速率的影响,并用示差扫描量热法(DSC)对共混合金体系的相容性进行了研究。结果表明,两种相容剂均能有效地提高ABS/PBT共混合金体系的相容性,相容剂A、B的最佳用量为2%~3%。     

相容剂对长玻纤增强热塑性聚氨酯弹性体/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

采用熔体浸渍工艺制备长玻纤增强热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料;以苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(SAG)作为相容剂,热塑性弹性体聚氨酯作为增韧剂,聚乳酸为基体树脂,考察苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯用量对长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,加入苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯能改善长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的相容性;长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和模量等力学性能及储能模量随着苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯用量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,而长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的损耗因子则随苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯含量的增加呈现降低后增加的趋势;通过复合材料的形态分析表明,加入相容剂的复合材料中玻璃纤维与基体树脂界面强度增加,且玻璃纤维表面有一层包覆的树脂基体;通过分析得出,当相容剂添加量为6%时,长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和模量、缺口冲击强度等力学性能最优。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.