有机填料填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦学及力学性能

采用共混-冷压-烧结-整形的工艺制备有机物填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,考察相同含量的不同有机填料对PTFE复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响。结果发现,加入有机填料后,复合材料的拉伸强度降低,但硬度和压缩强度均提高;有机填料有效地改善了PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能,其中,质量分数15%聚苯酯填充的PTFE复合材料减摩效果最好,质量分数15%聚酰亚胺填充的PTFE复合材料的耐磨损性能最优。相比之下,质量分数15%芳纶填充的PTFE复合材料摩擦磨损性能及力学性能最好,其耐磨损性能较纯PTFE提高了近400倍,而摩擦因数仅为纯PTFE的84%。其原因在于芳纶的加入有效地改变了摩擦机制,能形成均匀连续的转移膜,进而降低了磨损。     

凹凸棒/石墨协同改性氟橡胶复合材料摩擦磨损性能

利用机械共混和热模压工艺制备凹凸棒(ATP)/石墨(GP)/氟橡胶(FKM)纳米复合材料,分析其硫化历程、拉伸强度和扯断伸长率,通过摩擦性能试验和摩擦面形貌观察,研究其摩擦特性。结果表明:随着纤维状ATP的添加,复合材料的表观交联密度和拉伸强度提高;当FKM复合材料中GP和ATP的添加比例为3∶1时,FKM复合材料具有较低摩擦因数和磨损率。在滑动摩擦过程中,氟橡胶摩擦面剥离的ATP和GP与FKM形成转移膜,而ATP的嵌入使得转移膜强度增加,因此合适的2种填料比率能够增强FKM复合材料的摩擦特性。     

乏油环境下氧化铝填充氟橡胶的高温摩擦性能研究

为了探究高温乏油环境下氟橡胶（FKM）摩擦性能的变化规律并改善其摩擦性能，在FKM中加入氧化铝（Al₂O₃）,通过机械共混法制备得到FKM/Al₂O₃复合材料，在常温和200℃高温乏油环境下对比分析FKM/Al₂O₃复合材料与FKM材料在不同载荷下的摩擦学性能。结果表明：高载荷和高温使得FKM的摩擦因数、粗糙度和磨痕深度增大，因而乏油环境下FKM的摩擦性能大幅下降；Al₂O₃粒子的加入提高了FKM在常温和高温下的基体硬度，使得FKM/Al₂O₃复合材料在相同条件下相比FKM的摩擦因数、粗糙度和磨痕深度均有减小；Al₂O₃作为补强材料提高了FKM基体在高温乏油环境下的摩擦性能，复合材料表面分层剥离现象明显减少。复合材料表面元素分析结果表明，Al₂O₃粒子在FKM表面形成了固体润滑膜，改...     

石墨及纤维填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦学研究

研究了在碳纤维(CF)和玻璃纤维(GF)混杂纤维改性PTFE复合材料中添加石墨(Gr)的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,探讨纤维及石墨的润滑协同效应.结果表明,纤维填料的加入使得复合材料的拉伸强度和伸长率有所降低,但大大提高了复合材料的硬度,石墨的加入能够降低摩擦因数,提高耐磨损性能.14? 9%GF 2%Gr复合材料具有较好的摩擦磨损性能,磨损表面(SEM)形貌较光滑,改变了纯PTFE的磨损机制,高载荷下耐磨损性能更突出.3种填料在PTFE基体中起到了很好的协同作用,综合性能较优异,具有一定的应用价值.     

宽阻尼温域减震纳米偏高岭土共混氟橡胶复合材料的制备及研究*

为了拓宽氟橡胶宽阻尼温域和提高其阻尼性能,利用熔融共混法,将不同比例的纳米偏高岭土（NMK）填充到氟橡胶(FKM)基体中,制备一系列NMK/FKM纳米复合材料,并对不同质量分数NMK的NMK/FKM纳米复合材料进行动态力学热分析、基本力学性能测试和扫描电镜分析,研究其阻尼性能、静态力学性能和微观结构。结果表明：纳米偏高岭土填料可以明显改善氟橡胶的阻尼性能、拉伸强度;随着纳米偏高岭土填充份数的增加,NMK/FKM纳米复合材料的阻尼性能不断改善;当NMK质量分数为20%时,复合材料的宽阻尼温域最大,为79.41 ℃,拉伸强度达到12.8 MPa,相比纯FKM分别增大了217.64%和43.82%。其原因是NMK为纳米级材料,在提供弱的阳离子交换性和强离子吸附性方面有独特优势,在增强NMK与FKM分子间相互作用方面可能提供了一定的作用。     

纳米Al_2O_3改性PTFE复合保持架材料性能研究

制备了纳米Al_2O_3改性PTFE复合保持架材料,研究了不同纳米Al_2O_3含量对复合材料硬度、压缩强度、拉伸强度及摩擦性能的影响。通过对复合保持架材料摩擦磨损机理分析认为,纳米Al_2O_3质量分数为5%时,复合保持架材料结构最稳定,对比了该配方复合材料常温、液氮、液氢下力学性能。结果表明:与常温相比,液氮和液氢温度下复合保持架材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量有所增加,冲击强度有所下降,断裂伸长率显著下降,呈典型脆性材料特性。     

不同填料增强Ekonol/PTFE复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能的研究

研究了不同的无机填料对Ekonol/PrFE复合材料的力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料磨损后的表面形貌,并探讨了其磨损机制.结果表明:无机填料的加入改善了Ekonol/PTFE复合材料的力学性能和抗磨损性能.添加石墨与MoS2的Ekonol/PrFE复合材料的力学性能最好,当石墨与MoS2的质量分数为5%和3%时.复合材料的力学性能达到最佳值,拉伸强度提高了34%,弯曲强度提高了62%,弯曲模量提高了75%;添加石墨的Ekonol/PTFE复合材料的抗磨损性能最好,磨损体积最大减少了42%,且受外界条件变化的影响较小.SEM分析表明:在低速低载荷下,复合材料主要以粘着磨损为主;在高速高载荷下,主要以磨粒磨损为主.     

PTFE复合材料高温摩擦磨损性能研究

研究了高温条件下不同填料填充的PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,并与常温下的摩擦磨损性能进行了比较.结果表明青铜粉、纤维填充的复合材料在高温下表现出与常温相反的摩擦磨损规律;碳类填充复合材料在不同温度下则表现出较为稳定的规律;特种塑料改性的PTFE复合材料,具有极好的综合性能.     

添加聚四氟乙烯微粉后聚醚醚酮复合材料的摩擦学性能

采用常温机械共混+高温模压方法制备了添加不同含量聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微粉聚醚醚酮复合材料,研究了其力学性能、摩擦磨损性能及磨损形貌,并探讨了其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明:随PTFE微粉含量的增加,复合材料的洛氏硬度和压缩强度均降低,干摩擦条件下的摩擦因数减小,体积磨损量先降后升,当PTFE微粉质量分数5%时,体积磨损量最低;在油润滑和水润滑条件下复合材料的摩擦因数和体积磨损量均小于干摩擦条件下的,且随PTFE微粉含量的增加,油润滑条件下的体积磨损量下降,而水润滑条件下的增大;在干摩擦条件下复合材料的磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,并伴有疲劳磨损,在油润滑条件下复合材料表面存在少量片状PTFE磨屑和碳纤维富集,在水润滑条件下复合材料表面被PTFE微片层覆盖,局部存在微裂纹和孔洞。     

聚酯纤维布增强环氧树脂基复合材料的拉伸和摩擦学性能

采用层压法制备了四种聚酯纤维布增强环氧树脂基复合材料,研究了不同填充物(纳米Al2O3颗粒和PTFE)对不同织物取向复合材料拉伸性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响,分析了拉伸断口和摩损表面的形貌。结果表明:加入PTFE使复合材料的经向和纬向的拉伸强度和弹性模量分别提高了1.4%,11.2%和31.5%,22.1%,纳米Al2O3颗粒的加入使复合材料的经向和纬向的拉伸强度和弹性模量分别提高了4.2%,14.2%和34.9%,26.3%;PTFE和纳米Al2O3均能提高复合材料的耐磨损性能,PTFE的加入使复合材料的摩擦因数降低了22.5%、磨损率减少了78.1%,Al2O3的加入使复合材料的摩擦因数增加了21.3%、磨损率减少了94.1%。     

Tribological Properties of PTFE and PTFE Composites at Different Temperatures

The friction and wear properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and its composites with fillers such as bronze, glass fiber, carbon fiber, carbon, graphite, and polymer were studied at ambient temperature and high temperature. The wear resistance and hardness were enhanced by the fillers. Results showed that the wear resistance of all composites was much higher than that of pure PTFE. Pure PTFE has the lowest friction coefficient at ambient temperature (temperature: 23 ± 2°C, humidity: 50 ± 10%) but highest friction coefficient at high temperature (above 100°C). The PTFE composite filled with bronze showed the best wear resistance at ambient temperature but the poorest wear resistance at high temperature. The carbon-graphite- or polymer-filled PTFE composite showed a lower friction coefficient and moderate wear resistance at both ambient and high temperature.     

纳米ZnO填充PTFE复合材料的力学及摩擦学性能

通过机械搅拌和超声分散制备纳米ZnO填充PTFE复合材料,研究纳米ZnO填充量对复合材料力学及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:当ZnO质量分数小于3%时,复合材料的拉伸强度与纯PTFE相比略有增高;复合材料的密度、硬度、摩擦因数随ZnO填充量的增加而逐渐增大;当ZnO填充质量分数为1%～3%时,复合材料的磨耗量大幅下降,但若继续增加ZnO填充量,复合材料的磨耗量却变化不大。     

填料对聚四氟乙烯工程塑料改性的影响

研究了MoS2、PbS、石墨、玻璃纤维、碳纤维等填料对聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）工程塑料抗磨损、摩察系数、表面硬度、耐冲击强度等性能的影响。结果表明：填料可将PTFE的磨损量降低2个数量级，石墨和适量硬质填料的协同作用对PTFE的改性效果比较理想，既降低了PTFE的磨损量，增大了表面硬度，又提高了耐冲击强度。对其作用机理进行了分析和探讨，为材料的性能优化提供理论依据。     

On dry sliding friction and wear behavior of PPESK filled with PTFE and graphite

Novel poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) resins have become of great interest in applications such as bearing and slider materials. In this paper, dry sliding wear of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and graphite-filled PPESK composites against polished steel counterparts were investigated on a block-on-ring apparatus at the same sliding velocities and different loads. The results indicated that the addition of 5–25 wt% PTFE and 5–30 wt% graphite contribute to an obvious improvement of tribological performance of PPESK at room temperature. Worn surfaces were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result, the friction coefficient and wear rate of the PPESK composites decreased gradually with addition of fillers. A moderately low friction coefficient and specific wear rate were reached when the filler contents were above 20 wt%. The mechanical properties of PPESK composites were also investigated. The tensile and impact strength of PPESK composites decrease slightly as the addition of fillers contents were below 15 wt%.     

纳米金属粉填充Ekonol/PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

评价了分别用不同体积含量的纳米镍粉和纳米铜粉填充聚苯酯/聚四氟乙烯(Ekonol/PTFE)复合材料体系的力学性能,利用M-200型磨损试验机研究了纳米Ni、纳米Cu含量对Ekonol/PTFE复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,借助扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析手段考察试样磨损表面和磨屑,并探讨其摩擦磨损机制。结果表明,纳米Ni能在一定范围内增加Ekonol/PTFE复合材料的冲击强度;纳米金属粉填入量较小时均能增加复合材料的洛氏硬度。纳米Ni与纳米Cu均能增加Ekonol/PTFE复合材料的摩擦因数并降低磨损率。其原因在于纳米金属粉在复合材料摩擦表面富集,通过金属分子间的吸引作用,增大复合材料的摩擦因数。     

Tribological Behavior of Particles and Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Nanocomposites

This article discusses the mechanical performance of alumina nanoparticles and randomly distributed short glass/carbon fiber-reinforced hybrid composites through microhardness and wear test. The open mold casting method was adapted to prepare the test coupons. The wear and friction behavior of composites sliding against hardened ground EN 32 steel in a pin-on-disc configuration is evaluated on a wear and friction tester. The microhardness properties of the neat epoxy, alumina nanoparticles, and alumina nanoparticle–embedded glass/carbon fiber–reinforced hybrid composites were determined. The morphology of the worn composites was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the particles as fillers contributed significantly to improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the polymer composites. This is because the fillers contributed to enhance the bonding strength between the fiber and the epoxy resin. Moreover, the wear and friction resistance of the glass/carbon fiber composites was increased by increasing the filler weight in the composite materials.     

聚丙烯、炭黑和碳纤维共混填充超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的力学和摩擦磨损性能

采用模压成型的方式制备超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)复合材料,通过AG-1型电子万能实验机和MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机分别研究填料对复合材料力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响,采用光学显微镜分析复合材料磨损表面的形貌。结果表明:聚丙烯(PP)和无机填料炭黑(CB)或CB与碳纤维(CF)混杂填料的加入使UHMWPE复合材料的拉伸强度降低,弯曲模量和硬度增加,其中UHMWPE/PP/CB/CF复合材料的弯曲模量和硬度增幅大于UHM-WPE/PP/CB复合材料。填料的加入可改善UHMWPE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,当填料的质量分数为5%时,UHMWPE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能最好,且UHMWPE/PP/CB/CF复合材料的耐磨性能优于UHMWPE/PP/CB复合材料。与UHM-WPE相比,UHMWPE/PP/CB/CF复合材料的摩擦因数和磨痕宽度分别下降了10%和44%,UHMWPE/PP/CB复合材料则分别下降了12%和42%。光学显微镜观察表明填料的加入大大改善了UHMWPE的磨粒磨损,复合材料表面以较浅的犁沟磨损为主要特征。     

聚四氟乙烯基超声电机转子摩擦材料性能研究

制备聚苯酯、碳化硅微粉及玻璃纤维填充聚四氟乙烯基超声电机转子摩擦材料,研究填充剂对复合材料力学、摩擦学性能及超声电机机械特性的影响。结果表明:POB、玻璃纤维、碳化硅微粉均能提高PTFE复合材料的硬度、弹性模量和耐磨性。在本文研究的范围内,质量分数20%玻璃纤维填充的聚四氟乙烯复合材料具有较低的摩擦因数和磨损率,使用该复合材料时超声电机具有较低的堵转力矩和较高的空载转速,且运行稳定,噪声较低。     

Friction and wear properties of metal powder filled PTFE composites under oil lubricated conditions

Four kinds of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based composite, pure PTFE, PTFE+30vol.%Cu, PTFE+30vol.%Pb and PTFE+30vol.%Ni composite, were prepared. The friction and wear properties of these metal powder filled PTFE composites sliding against GCr15 bearing steel under both dry and lubricated conditions were studied using an MHK-500 ring-block wear tester. The worn surfaces of the PTFE composites and the transfer films formed on the surface of GCr15 bearing steel were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy respectively. Experimental results show that the friction and wear properties of the PTFE composites can be greatly improved by liquid paraffin lubrication. The wear of these PTFE composites can be decreased by at least 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared with that under dry friction conditions, while the friction coefficients can be decreased by 1 order of magnitude, SEM and optical microscopy investigations of the rubbing surfaces show that metal fillers of Cu, Pb and Ni not only raise the load carrying capacity of the PTFE composites, but also promote transfer of the PTFE composites onto the counterfaces, so they greatly reduce the wear of the PTFE composites. However, the transfer of these PTFE composites onto the counterfaces can be greatly reduced by liquid paraffin lubrication, but transfer still takes place.     

GF/PTFE自润滑纤维复合材料磨损性能热衰退研究

针对高频摆动关节轴承摩擦热对自润滑纤维复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,研制了高频使用条件下的玻璃纤维增强聚四氟乙烯(GF/PTFE)自润滑纤维复合材料,利用MYB～500高频高载摆动摩擦磨损试验机,对其进行不同摩擦温度下的摩擦磨损性能测试,研究摩擦热作用下材料自润滑性能和磨损性能衰退特征,分析磨损产物和摩擦表面以及不同摩擦温度下材料的磨损机理。结果表明,摩擦热对材料自润滑性能影响显著,适当的摩擦温度范围能够保证材料的自润滑性能,摩擦温度和摩擦因数之间互为耦合作用,对材料的磨损性能具有一定的影响;高摩擦热作用于自润滑过程及机理的改变,造成材料的磨损性能衰退现象。因此,不同温度下材料的磨损特征具有明显的差异化,其中低摩擦温度下(60～120℃)材料自润滑性能优异,磨损率很低;140℃摩擦温度条件下材料摩擦磨损性能开始衰退;材料在高摩擦温度下(140～180℃)的磨损初期自润滑性能良好、磨损轻微,而中后期磨损严重。微观分析表明,低摩擦温度下材料的磨损机理以轻微粘着和疲劳磨损为主;高摩擦温度下材料的磨损以片状剥落、纤维剪切破坏为主,且磨损面局部损伤特征明显,磨损严重。