厚规格高强度钢Q690D的淬透性研究

通过端淬试验、硬度测试和显微组织分析,研究了2种成分不同厚度Q690D的淬透性。结果表明:1#50 mm厚Q690D淬火态边部和厚度1/2处硬度HRC差值为12,淬透性较差;通过调整成分和热处理工艺极大地改善了厚规格Q690D的淬透性,2#50~70 mm厚Q690D淬火、回火态边部和厚度1/2处硬度差值较小,50 mm厚两者硬度HRC差值最大也只有为5。     

回火温度对60mm厚Q690D钢组织和性能的影响

研究了回火温度对经一定温度淬火后60 mm厚Q690D钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:930℃淬火,500~660℃回火后,60 mm厚Q690D的淬火组织为回火索氏体,强度逐渐降低,出现了第二类回火脆性,当回火温度为640℃时强韧性配合最好,此时R_(p0.2)=791 MPa,R_m=845 MPa,A=18.0%,KV_2(-20℃)=154 J,KV_2(-40℃)=126 J。     

调质工艺对Q690D钢综合力学性能及组织的影响

 以60mm厚Q690D高强度结构钢板为研究对象,在相同轧制条件下,系统地研究了淬火、回火温度对试验钢综合力学性能及显微组织的影响,并对第二相析出进行理论分析。试验结果表明：随淬火温度升高,试验钢强度升高,韧性下降;随回火温度升高,试验钢强度下降,但韧性明显升高。该钢采用930℃淬火(保温10min)650℃回火(保温40min)的调质热处理工艺具有良好的强韧性匹配,综合力学性能最佳,满足国标GB/T 16270—2009要求。     

热处理工艺对100mm特厚07MnCrMoVR水电钢板组织性能的影响

对07MnCrMoR水电钢板的淬透性曲线进行了测定,利用淬火机和热处理炉对100 mm厚试验钢板进行了淬火和回火试验,并对试验钢进行了组织观察和力学性能测定。结果表明,随着试验钢距水冷端的距离增大,淬火组织由马氏体转变为粒状贝氏体,距离端部50 mm处转变为铁素体和粒状贝氏体的混合组织。试验钢板利用淬火机淬火后得到板条贝氏体+粒状贝氏体+先共析铁素体,回火后转变为铁素体+粒状贝氏体,同时大量的碳化物在铁素体基体和晶界处析出。试验钢最合理的热处理工艺为930℃ 30min水冷淬火,660℃ 60min空冷回火。     

硼对780 MPa低碳贝氏体钢组织和力学性能的影响

试验低碳贝氏体钢（/%:0.08C,0.11~0.13Si,1.10~1.20Mn,0.008~0.009P,0.002S,0.21~0.23Ni,0.020~0.021Ti,0.003~0.004Nb,0~0.0010B,0.000 7~0.0008O,0.0031~0.0033N）由50kg真空感应炉熔炼,轧成45mm钢板,并经930℃淬火,610℃回火。研究了0.0010%硼对780 MPa低碳贝氏体钢45mm板组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,硼可显著提高试验钢的淬透性,不含硼试验钢淬火后得到粒状贝氏体,0.0010%硼试验钢淬火后得到板条贝氏体。硼明显改善试验低碳贝氏体钢的力学性能,含0.0010%硼试验钢淬、回火后的抗拉强度834MPa和屈服强度771MPa远高于不含硼试验钢的抗拉强度702MPa和屈服强度591MPa,实际生产中应加入适量硼可使低碳贝氏体钢得到板条贝氏体。     

回火工艺对Q690D高强度工程机械用钢性能的影响

针对唐山中厚板材有限公司轧制的25 mm、30 mm厚度Q690D低合金高强钢回火工艺进行系统研究,同时基于实验室热处理工艺下的性能及金相组织,深入分析回火温度、回火时间对力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着回火温度的增加和回火时间的延长,抗拉强度降低,延伸率及低温冲击功升高,回火工艺的选择取决于热轧态抗拉强度分布。研究结果为合理制定热轧态不同强度区间实验室及工业热处理工艺提供指导。     

硼对Q690D钢CCT曲线的影响

利用Formastor-F全自动相变仪测定了不同硼含量Q690D钢的临界点Ac1、Ac3,并绘制Q690D钢的连续冷却转变曲线。结果表明:硼的加入,使Q690D钢的Ac3、Ac1略有提高,使Ms点及Bs点有所降低,使Q690D钢的临界冷速降低,淬透性明显提高。硼对Q690D钢先共析铁素体转变及贝氏体转变均有不同程度的推迟作用,抑制了先共析铁素体的析出,在很宽的冷速范围可以得到完全的贝氏体组织。     

空冷高硅中碳低合金钢的组织与性能

研究了高硅中碳低合金钢空冷态和空冷+回火态的显微组织和力学性能.试验钢在860℃保温0.5h奥氏体化后空冷处理,随后分别在250℃和400℃保温1h回火.结果表明:试验钢空冷后组织为贝氏体/马氏体和残余奥氏体的混合组织,硬度约为41 HRC;而250℃回火后组织变化不大,硬度明显升高,约为49 HRC,韧性明显增加,由44 J/cm2增加到66 J/cm2,抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率明显下降.回火温度进一步增加对力学性能影响不大.     

限制淬透性GCr4轴承钢的组织和性能

试验研究了成分为:1.00%C、0.40%Cr、0.03%Mo、0.034%Al、10×10^-6[O]的GCr4轴承钢经感应穿透加热-表面淬火(840±10)℃+回火150～160℃后的组织和性能。结果表明,热处理后GCr4钢表面层由孪晶马氏体和位错马氏体组成,心部组织为屈氏体+索氏体。GCr4钢的淬透性(J60,3.0 mm)明显低于GCr15钢(1.01%C、1.52%Cr、11×10^-6[O])的淬透性(J60,4.5 mm);其感应加热淬火+回火的冲击韧性和断裂韧性KIC分别比(840±10)℃淬火+(150～160)℃回火的GCr15钢提高66%～104%和67%。GCr4钢接触疲劳寿命较GCr15钢提高12%～26%。     

回火温度对Q690D低碳贝氏体钢组织性能的影响

低碳贝氏体钢因强度高、韧性好，被广泛应用，Q690D是其中的高强度焊接结构钢。针对Q690D原生产工艺复杂、成本高、交货周期长、成品力学性能差等问题，通过金相显微镜和力学性能测试，研究了回火温度对Q690D低碳贝氏体钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：试验钢在450～550℃温度回火后，综合力学性能最佳，抗拉强度为817～838 MPa,屈服强度为718～722 MPa,屈强比≤0.86,伸长率为18.5%～20%,-20℃冲击吸收能量达到216～249 J,完全满足国标对Q690D的性能要求，此时试验钢显微组织以板条贝氏体为主，存在少量粒状贝氏体及残余奥氏体。随着回火温度的升高，试验钢中板条贝氏体发生分解，析出物逐渐增多，铁素体再结晶并长大；宏观上表现为试验钢的抗拉强度下降，伸长率逐渐升高，钢板的屈服强度先升高后降低。     

低成本工程机械用Q690E级高强钢的热处理工艺与工业化

  以低成本、高附加值Q690E级调质板开发为目标,研究了亚温热处理与调质热处理工艺参数对试验钢显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明：在进行810℃亚温淬火处理的前躯体中存在大块状的铁素体时,易导致试验钢的低温冲击韧性恶化;以板条马氏体为前躯体经相同亚温淬火后,显微结构为更加细小的马氏体和以条状形态呈平行趋势分布在马氏体之间的铁素体两相混合组织,试验钢的-40℃冲击功值高达247J,但强度较低;常规调质热处理后的试验钢具有良好的综合力学性能,采用修正后的工艺参数,工业试制6~60mm规格产品的强韧性能均明显超过相关标准要求。     

冷处理对16Cr14Co12Mo5轴承钢组织和性能的影响

 通过对16Cr14Co12Mo5 轴承钢经冷处理后的组织和性能进行研究,发现与淬火态相比,试验钢经两次冷处理和高温回火后,表面硬度达到50.7HRC,抗拉强度Rm达到1820MPa,屈服强度Rp0.2达到1410MPa,冲击功为75.0J,试验钢的强度和硬度得到了显著提高。经XRD检测,经过两次冷处理后残余奥氏体体积分数由26.0%下降到3.1%。研究表明,经过2次冷处理并配合高温回火后,钢中残余奥氏体88.1%转变为马氏体,残余奥氏体含量明显降低,组织变得稳定,并且在回火过程中伴随有一定量微细第二相的析出。     

深冷处理对NM500耐磨钢性能与磨损行为的影响

以一种自行设计的NM500级别耐磨钢为研究对象,利用冲击磨损试验,分析了深冷处理对其组织性能和磨损行为的影响。结果表明,NM500耐磨钢经深冷处理后,抗拉强度、硬度和冲击韧性均有提高,在淬火+深冷+回火处理后,最佳的综合力学性能可达抗拉强度1 910 MPa、硬度523HB、冲击韧性24.3 J/cm2,此时试验钢组织主要为马氏体,有Nb和Ti的碳化物析出。深冷处理通过残余奥氏体向马氏体转变,减少了不稳定相的含量,提升了试验钢的力学性能,从而使淬火+深冷+回火处理后的试验钢具有更高的耐磨性,此时的磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,磨损形貌主要为犁沟、犁皱。而未经深冷处理的淬火+回火处理试验钢磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,磨损形貌主要为剥落坑和切削。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel 6Crl5MoV

 Martensitic stainless steel containing Cr of 12% to 18% (mass percent) are common utilized in quenching and tempering processes for knife and cutlery steel. The properties obtained in these materials are significantly influenced by matrix composition after heat treatment, especially as Cr and C content. Comprehensive considered the hardness and corrosion resistance, a new type martensitic stainless steel 6Cr15MoV has been developed. The effect of heat treatment processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel is emphatically researched. Thermo-Calc software has been carried out to thermodynamic calculation; OM, SEM and TEM have been carried out to microstructure observation; hardness and impact toughness test have been carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties. Results show that the equilibrium carbide in 6Cr15MoV steel is M23C6 carbide, and the M23C6 carbides finely distributed in annealed microstructure. 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel has a wider quenching temperature range, the hardness value of steel 6Cr15MoV can reach to HRC 608 to HRC 616 when quenched at 1060 to 1100 ℃. Finely distributed carbides will exist in quenched microstructure, and effectively inhabit the growth of austenite grain. With the increasing of quenching temperature, the volume fraction of undissolved carbides will decrease. The excellent comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained by quenched at 1060 to 1100 ℃ with tempered at 100 to 150 ℃, and it is mainly due to the high carbon martensite and fine grain size. At these temperature ranges, the hardness will retain about HRC 592 to HRC 616 and the Charpy U-notch impact toughness will retain about 173 to 20 J. A lot of M23C6 carbides precipitated from martensite matrix, at the same time along the boundaries of martensite lathes which leading to the decrease of impact toughness when tempered at 500 to 540 ℃. The M3C precipitants also existed in the martensite matrix of test steel after tempered at 500 ℃, and the mean size of M3C precipitates is bigger than that of M23C6 precipitates.     

调质热处理对55NiCrMoV7模具钢组织与力学性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、硬度测试、V型冲击实验和单向拉伸实验结合有限元建模仿真,研究了55NiCrMoV7模具钢在不同淬火温度(790～910℃)、回火温度(100～650 ℃)下的微观组织演化和力学性能的变化规律。结果表明,随着淬火温度升高,球状碳化物逐渐溶解到马氏体基体中,马氏体组织不断长大、粗化,残余奥氏体逐渐增多;淬火后HRC硬度值基本稳定在42～46,屈服强度和抗拉强度先增大后减小,870 ℃淬火后均达到最大值1 380 MPa和1485 MPa,冲击韧性在850 ℃淬火后最大,为26 J。在不同温度回火过程中,马氏体组织含量基本稳定,随着回火温度继续升高,残余奥氏体逐渐溶解,碳化物从马氏体边界处析出,细小而弥散。870 ℃ 4 h淬火+560 ℃ 6 h回火可以使55NiCrMoV7钢具有良好的综合力学性能。     

Heat treatment process of 30CrMo hot rolled steel produced by CSP process

The effect of heat treatment processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 30CrMo hot rolled steel produced by CSP (compact strip production) process were investigated. The results show that the martensite is obtained in the experimental steels by oil quenched from 900?? after holding for 15min and 60min. And the samples which oil quenched from 900?? after holding for 15min have the better mechanical properties after tempering at different temperatures. With the increase of tempering temperature, the decomposition of martensite accelerated that resulted in the lath character of martensite gradually disappeared and the precipitation of cementite in matrix. When the tempering temperature increased from 200?? to 600??, the tensile strength decreased from 1744MPa to 949MPa and the hardness of the experimental steel decreased from 50. 8HRC to 35. 3HRC.While the elongation first decreased and then increased, the yield strength first increased and then decreased. When the tempering temperature is 300??, the experimental steel has the maximum yield strength and theminimum elongation which are 1421MPa and 7. 5%, respectively. Moreover, the model was developed to predict the hardness of experimental steel after tempered at different temperatures for 120min. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results.     

新型S690低合金高强度钢Φ219 mm x 14mm无缝管的CCT曲线和调质工艺研究

测定了S690钢管（/%:0.15C,0.25Si,1.32Mn,0.012P,0.005S,0.20Cr,0.04Al,0.08V）0.01～30℃/s冷却速率下连续冷却转变（CCT）曲线,并研究了890～970℃淬火,600～690℃回火对其组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,S690钢管相变点Ac₃为828℃,Ac₁为753℃,Ms为395℃,临界冷却速率为13℃/s,存在铁素体、珠光体、贝氏体,马氏体4个相变区;选择910～930℃淬火,钢管的组织较细小均匀,平均晶粒尺寸13.9μm,具有较高的硬度,HRC值42.5;在615～675℃回火,钢管可得到均匀的回火索氏体组织,其综合力学性能优良。     

热处理工艺对高C-Cr高强耐磨钢组织和性能的影响

设计了一种高C-Cr高强耐磨钢,测试了末端淬透性,研究了不同热处理工艺对微观组织演变和性能的影响,测试了力学性能和耐磨损性能,利用SEM和TEM表征了微观组织。试验结果表明,随距离淬火端距离的增大,试验钢的硬度呈现单调递减的趋势,0~2.5 cm为硬度平缓降低阶段,布氏硬度在63~65HRC的区间。马氏体淬火+回火处理后,试验钢基体组织主要为马氏体板条,板条尺寸大小不一。经贝氏体等温淬火处理后,贝氏体板条相互平行,板条尺寸平均。贝氏体板条间存在薄膜状的残留奥氏体,贝氏体板条内部存在长度为100~150 nm的碳化物析出相,析出相与贝氏体板条呈60°取向排列。磨损过程中,达到800转时,马氏体基体试验钢失重168 mg,贝氏体基体失重192 mg,增加了14.28%,马氏体基体的耐磨损性能更高。而贝氏体基体的力学性能却明显高于马氏体基体,屈服强度达到1 955 MPa,抗拉强度达到了2 485 MPa,伸长率仍然达到了7%。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Structure and Wear Re- sistance of High Chromium Cast Steel ContainingBoron

The microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of high chromium cast steel containing boron after different heat treatments were studied by means of the optical microscopy （OM）, the scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, hardness, impact toughness, tensile and pin-on-disc abrasion tests. The results show that as cast microstructures of boron-free high chromium steel consist of martensite and a few （Cr, Fe）_7C_3 carbide, and the macro-hardness of boron-free high chromium steel is 55-57 HRC. After 0.5 mass% B was added into high chromium cast steel, as-cast structure transforms into eutectic （Fe, Cr）2B, （Cr, Fe）7 （C, B）a and martensite, and the macro-hardness reaches 58-60 HRC. High temperature quenching leads to the disconnection and isolated distribution of boride, and there are many （Cr,Fe）_23 （C,B）_6 precipitated phases in the quenching structure. Quenching from 1050 ℃, high chromium steel obtained the highest hardness, and the hardness of high chromium cast steel containing boron is higher than that of boron-free high chromium steel. The change of quenching temperature has no obvious effect on impact toughness of high chromium steel, and the increase of quenching temperature leads to tensile strength having an increasing tendency. At the same quenching temperature, the wear resistance of high chromium cast steel containing boron is more excellent than that of boron-free high chromium steel. High chromium cast steel guide containing boron has good performance while using in steel bar mill.