基于多协议单通道处理的超高速转发引擎设计

基于IPv6、MPLS的新兴业务不断承载到IP网，要求路由器转发引擎同时支持IPv4、IPv6、MPLS报文的线速转发。出于简化处理设计的考虑，常规的实现方法是在FPGA中对不同协议类型的报文建立各自的处理通道，浪费了大量的芯片内部逻辑和存储资源。该文从节省FPGA资源的角度出发，提出了一种对IPv4、IPv6、MPLS报文采用单通道处理机制的转发引擎设计方案。分析表明，该方案支持10Gbps混和报文的线速转发。     

一种支持高速IPv6转发的路由器体系结构FIS

本文提出了一种在交换网络中执行转发操作的路由器体系结构,采用多个低速且具有独立转发和交换功能的转发交换结点FSN,组成多级流水线结构,以流水的方式执行报文转发和交换。本文对FIS中实现IPv6转发的关键技术—IPv6转发表的分解、转发表到FSN结点的映射、IPv6转发引擎的设计及报文调度算法进行了深入的研究,并基于FIS体系结构提出了易于硬件实现的IPv6查找机制和基于Hash老化的报文调度算法,为下一步FIS原型系统的实现提供了切实可行的方案。     

PPP协议在高性能IPv6路由器中的应用

随着在高速路由器和核心交换机上POS技术的广泛应用,PPP协议的使用也越来越广泛,其作为二层协议运行在POS口上,与微码和驱动共同支撑POS板的正常运行,以实现数据报文的快速转发。在高性能IPv6路由器中,PPP协议不但要实现将IPv4报文封装转发,同样也要实现对IPv6报文的封装转发,这就要用到PPP中关于IPv6的技术和相关协议。IPv6CP就是PPP协议中协商IPv6的控制协议,并在开源的TCP／IP—Kame协议栈中实现了PPP对IPv6包的转发。     

一种支持多协议的超高速转发引擎的设计与实现

从节约FPGA资源的角度出发,分析了超高速条件下多协议支持策略的实现难点,设计了一种可支持10Gbps速率下多协议报文线速转发的引擎结构,解决了FPGA“资源与速度互换”的矛盾。     

基于城域网的IPv6过渡技术研究

双栈协议技术是IPv4向IPv6过渡的一种有效技术,网络设备根据报文的协议类型选择不同的协议栈进行处理和转发。该文介绍了城域网（电子政务外网）概况和IPv6的试点改造过程,探讨了如何通过双栈协议技术,实现城域网IPv6过渡时期的改造。     

并行超流水IPv6转发处理技术研究

转发处理引擎是高性能IPv6路由器的设计难点之一。在研究了并行处理技术、流水线设计理论以及TCAM技术的基础上,该文提出了一种并行超流水的转发处理引擎,模拟试验测试显示,该引擎在满负荷工作的条件下,其包转发率、丢包率等多个方面比传统的转发处理引擎性能优越。     

MIPv6家乡代理功能在高性能路由器中的设计与实现

提出了一种移动IPv6(MIPv6)协议中家乡代理功能在高性能路由器上的实现方案。将MIPv6协议规范中家乡代理的协议处理功能和报文转发功能加以分解,并将它们分布于高性能路由器主控单元和线路接口板上。测试结果表明,该方案无需改变路由器原有结构即能可靠地实现移动IPv6功能。     

T比特路由器高速转发引擎的设计与实现

设计并实现了T比特路由器中的转发引擎模块，该模块采用基于子模块处理器的并行转发结构，基于FPGA的并行流水线处理技术，结合分段查表算法，实现了10GPOS接171，IPv4／v6双协议栈的线速转发。试验测试表明该引擎能高效、稳定地达到设计目标，充分满足T比特路由器的整体需求。     

分布式IPv6路由器转发系统设计与实现

为了实施下一代互联网络，需要实现IPv6协议的高性能路由器．转发系统负责路由器的核心功能——IPv6分组的转发，提出了一种分布式高性能IPv6路由器的转发系统的设计和实现方案，包括分布式的IPv6分组转发机制，用于板间IPv6分组传递的分布式分组缓冲管理机制，基于分布式的结构实现的IPv6核心协议，以及用于转发系统的协议数据和配置信息管理的分布式控制消息通信机制．该系统已经在国家“八六三”重大科技项目“高性能IPv6路由器”上得到实现和应用．     

高速网中PPP协议的应用研究

研究了PPP协议在高速SDH／SONET光纤网络上的实现技术。PPP协议软件向下和底层硬件驱动程序接口,处理收到的PPP报文;向上和网络层协议IP、IPX接口,将IP／IPX报文送交IP／IPX协议处理,形成发送网络层报文的控制机制。同时,研究了PPP协议的认证机制,确保报文转发过程中的高速和安全性。     

MPFS: A truly scalable router architecture for next generation Internet

A new generation architecture of IP routers called massive parallel forwarding and switching （MPFS） is proposed, which is totally different from modern routers. The basic idea of MPFS is mapping complicated forwarding process into multilevel scalable switch fabric so as to implement packet forwarding in a pipelining and distributed way. This processing mechanism is named forwarding in switching （FIS）. By interconnecting multi-stage, lower speed components, called forwarding and switching nodes （FSN）, MPFS achieves better scalability in forwarding and switching performance just like MPP. We put emphasis upon IPv6 lookup problem in MPFS and propose a method for partitioning IPv6 FIB and mapping them to switch fabric. Simulation and computation results suggest that MPFS routers can support line-speed forwarding with a million of IPv6 prefixes at 40 Gbps. We also propose an implementation of 160 Tbps core router based on MPFS architecture at last.     

基于单组播业务单通道处理机制的高速转发引擎设计

提出了一种对单播和组播业务单通道处理机制的转发引擎设计方案,避免了两个处理通道对芯片逻辑和存储资源造成的浪费,分析表明该设计方案仍保持线速转发能力。     

Mobility label based network: Hierarchical mobility management and packet forwarding architecture

Scalability of the network layer mobility management solution is one of the most important requirements for the mobility control plane. Mobility Label Based Network (MLBN) is a new approach to the network layer mobility management problem that relies solely on MPLS to provide both macro- and micro-mobility for IPv4 and IPv6 mobile hosts and routers. This new approach does not rely on the existing IP mobility management protocols such as Mobile IP and is based on the combination of Multi-Protocol BGP (MP-BGP) and MPLS. In the context of the MLBN the scalable control plane should be capable of efficient Mobility Label distribution while allowing the MPLS-based forwarding plane to deliver mobile traffic in an optimal manner. This paper presents a hierarchical mobility management system capable of both macro- and micro-mobility support without the use of Mobile IP and its derivatives and allows scalable Mobility Label distribution and MPLS label stack based packet forwarding in support of optimal traffic delivery between the communicating mobile users.     

Hierarchical Mobility Label Based Network: System model and performance analysis

Hierarchical Mobility Label Based Network (H-MLBN) is a new approach to the network layer mobility management problem that relies on MPLS-aware control plane and MPLS-based forwarding plane to provide IP mobility support for IPv4 and IPv6 mobile hosts and routers while being able to ensure optimal traffic delivery between the communicating devices. The hierarchical system is capable of both macro- and micro-mobility support without the use of Mobile IP and its derivatives thus eliminating the user and network facing performance penalties associated with triangular routing and bi-directional tunneling. This paper presents a system model and provides performance analysis for H-MLBN and compares its performance with the Mobile IP based schemes. The results indicate significant performance improvements in the forwarding plane traffic delivery as well as the control plane network update costs.     

高性能IPv6转发引擎的FPGA实现

高速转发引擎是高性能IPv6路由器的关键技术,文章设计了一种IPv6高速转发引擎的硬件结构,编写了硬件结构的VerilogHDL模型,进行了仿真和逻辑综合,并成功用XILINX的FGPA对转发引擎进行了验证。测试结果表明,该文设计的转发引擎的结构正确,可以达到2.5G端口线速转发,满足了设计要求。     

Optimal State Allocation for Multicast Communications With Explicit Multicast Forwarding

In this paper, we propose a scalable and adaptive multicast forwarding mechanism based on explicit multicast (Xcast). This mechanism optimizes the allocation of forwarding states in routers and can be used to improve the scalability of traditional IP multicast and source-specific multicast. Compared with previous work, our mechanism needs fewer routers in a multicast tree to store forwarding states and therefore leads to a more balanced distribution of forwarding states among routers. We focus on two problems and formulate each of them as an optimization problem. The first problem, referred to as minstate, minimizes the total number of routers that store forwarding states in a multicast tree. The second problem, referred to as balancestate, minimizes the maximum number of forwarding states stored in a router for all multicast groups, which is proved to be an NP-hard problem. We design a distributed algorithm that obtains the optimal solution to the first problem and propose an approximation algorithm for the second problem. We also prove that the approach adopted by most existing works to allocate forwarding states in the branching routers of a multicast tree is a special case of our mechanism. The simulation results show that the forwarding state allocation provided by previous work is concentrated on the backbone routers in the Internet, which may cause the scalability problem. In contrast, our mechanism can balance forwarding states stored among routers and reduce the number of routers that store the forwarding states for a multicast tree.     

基于混合式分级流标签的IPv6组播通信

IPv6网络协议引入流标签概念,在路由器转发提供QoS支持。针对IPv6多媒体组播通信的需要,提出一种混合式流标签分级定义方案实现IPv6组播通信的QoS支持,在IPv6实验网上进行多媒体组播通信模拟测试,结果表明该方案能够提供满意的QoS支持。