全层片状TiAl基合金断裂过程的原位观察

利用ＳＥＭ拉伸台，研究了Ｔｉ－３３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ－０．５Ｍｏ合金的室温拉伸断裂动态过程。试验结果表明，具有全层片状显微组织的ＴｉＡｌ合金室温断裂韧性较高，归因于合金拉伸过程中裂纹尖端发生分叉致使应力松弛而使裂纹钝化；在变形过程中，主裂纹尖端附近的微裂纹之间形成剪切韧带，剪切韧带韧化是ＴｉＡｌ合金的一种韧化机理。     

TiAl基合金包套锻复合热机械处理工艺的研究

针对用于ＴｉＡｌ基合金的常规热机械处理的局限性，提出了包套锻复合热机械处理新工艺。详细地研究了此项新工艺的工艺参数对Ｔｉ－３３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ－０．５Ｍｏ合金显微组织及锻坯表观质量的影响。     

微量元素B对Ti-48Al合金组织细化的影响

研究了微量元素Ｂ对Ｔｉ－４８Ａｌ合金组织细化的作用。结果表明：加入微量Ｂ可在合金中生成细长的带状ＴｉＢ２相。Ｂ含量达０．８ａｔ％时,可显著细化铸态组织：１１５０℃／ｈ／ＡＣ处理时,除晶界外,含Ｂ合金中的７相还可以从ＴｉＢ２基体界面上形核析出,因形核部位的增加,细化了近γ组织,在α单相区热处理,ＴｉＢ２相可非常有效地阻碍α晶粒长在,加入０．５ａｔ％Ｂ可使全片层组织平均晶粒直径降低一个数量级。     

TiAl基合金双态组织高温变形的研究

采用自制的高温拉伸机研究了Ｔｉ－３３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ－０．５０Ｍｏ合金双态组织的高温变形，结果表明，在适当的变形工艺条件下，在９７０℃获得了高达１９４％的延性。     

钕对Ti—44Al合金组织和晶粒尺寸的影响

在真空电弧熔炼条件下研究稀土元素钕（Ｎｄ）（加入量范围为０．０５～０．３ａｔ％）对Ｔｉ－４４ａｔ％Ａｌ二元合金组织和晶粒尺寸的影响，实验结果表明，钕明显增加了铸锭柱状晶的长度和减小柱晶直径，同时细化了铸锭中心区的等轴晶粒，高温固溶处理后铸锭获全片层组织，不含钕的铸锭平均晶粒尺寸大于１４００μｍ含０．１ａｔ％Ｎｄ铸锭的平均晶粒尺寸的４５０μｍ拓该铸锭的顶部获得小晶粒尺寸（３４１μｍ）。     

TiC-Al_2O_3-Fe复合材料的微观组织研究

对ＳＨＳ／ＰＨＩＰ技术制备出的ＴＩＣ－Ａ１２Ｏ３－Ｆｅ复合材料的微观组织结构进行了分析和研究．结果表明,随着Ｆｅ含量的增加,ＴＩＣ颗粒尺寸减小,Ａｌ２Ｏ３的分布趋于均匀．在ＴｉＣ晶粒中发现少量颗粒相;在Ｆｅ粘结相中发现具有ε－ＡｌＦｅ３Ｃ０．６９型结构的胞状相;ＴｉＣ晶粒中存在大量位错．     

改善TiAl基合金显微组织新工艺的研究

研究了复合热机械处理新工艺技术对（Ｔｉ－３３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ）－０．５Ｍｏ（ｗｔ％）合金显微组织的影响，试验结果表明，适当的复合热机械处理工艺能够使ＴｉＡｌ基合金铸态粗大的层片状晶团充分，完全破碎，获得各种形态的，均匀细小的显微组织，并分析了新工艺技术的热塑性变形及热处理对显微组织的影响。     

TiAl—Sb—Mo合金的高温氧化行为和机理

研究了Ｔｉ－３４Ａｌ，Ｔｉ－３４Ａｌ－０．５Ｓｂ－０．０３Ｍｏ，Ｔｉ－３４Ａｌ－１．０Ｓｂ－０．０７Ｍｏ合金在９００℃的氧化行为和机理，发现在ＴｉＡｌ基合金中复合添加Ｓｂ和Ｍｏ以后，氧化增重量增加，主要是由于Ｍｏ氧化生成易挥发的ＭｏＯ３引起的，三种合金的氧化过程都遵循氧化剥循环，残余氧化膜的平均度随合金元素添加而下降，在基体中不产生大的元素富集，添加合金元素可以促进氧化膜的种类由第一阶段向第二阶段     

铈对单向凝固Al－3Li合金腐蚀性能的影响

研究了单向凝固Ａｌ－３Ｌｉ－（０～０．７４）Ｃｅ合金在３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：Ｃｅ可明显提高合金的耐腐蚀性能，细化合金的微观组织，使合金腐蚀源分散、细小，是影响腐蚀性能的主要元素。     

氢处理对Ti3Al金属间化合物组织和性能的影响

对一种Ｔｉ３Ａｌ基合金（Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１４Ｎｂ－３Ｖ－０．５ＭＯｒ（％）进行了氢处理，研究了合金的吸氢行为和组织变化，并对未渗氢和渗氢的试样进行了高温压缩试验，结果表明，合金的吸氢量在８００℃达到峰值，渗氢使合金中的Ｏ相体积分数下降，并可显著降低热压压缩变形的流变应力。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.