预处理+IC反应器+MBR工艺处理甲醛废水的工程实例介绍

采用预处理+IC反应器+好氧MBR系统为主的生化工艺处理甲醛废水,基于复合菌群和固定化载体填料的预处理池,将甲醛废水从1 100~1 650mg/L降解到120~150mg/L,IC厌氧反应器出水的甲醛浓度稳定在4~6mg/L,MBR系统出水的甲醛浓度在1mg/L以下。预处理池平均进水COD为6 000mg/L左右,预处理池出水的平均COD为5 000mg/L左右,IC厌氧反应器出水COD稳定在600~800mg/L,MBR系统出水COD稳定在80~90mg/L,最终实现了甲醛和COD达标排放。     

生物曝气滤池处理生活污水工艺特性研究

以小试规模研究了生物曝气滤池处理生活污水时对COD ,NH3-N的去除 ,在最佳工艺条件 (HRT =1 5 9h ,气水比 =7∶1)下 ,NH3-N的平均去除率为 74 2 % ,出水NH3-N≤ 15mg/L ,COD≤ 6 0mg/L ,BOD≤ 2 0mg/L ,SS≤ 2 0mg/L。探讨了COD负荷、NH3-N负荷、反冲洗和气水比对生物曝气滤池运行效果的影响     

高浓度硫酸盐有机废水生物处理新工艺的研究

本文以含硫酸盐的葡萄糖人工配水作为进水,在不同COD和SO_4~(2-)浓度下,分别以UASB反应器和厌氧滤池作为硫酸盐还原相,以上流式好氧填料床反应器作为生物脱硫相,以UASB作为产甲烷相(厌氧反应温度为35±1℃,好氧反应温度为18～28℃),对硫酸盐还原-生物脱硫-产甲烷三相串联工艺进行了较系统的研究。试验结果表明:(1)硫酸盐还原-生物脱硫-产甲烷三相串联工艺是一种适合于处理硫酸盐有机废水的新工艺,对于进水COD/SO_4~(2-)为5:1,SO_4~(2-)浓度为1000mg/L的人工配水,COD和SO_4~(2-)进水负荷分别可达15.5和3.2kg/(m~3·d),去除率分别为95％和98％以上;将产甲烷相部分出水回流至硫酸盐还原相,整个工艺对于SO_4~(2-)浓度高达2000、4000和8000mg/L(COD/SO_4~(2-)仍为5:1)的人工配水,同样具有较好的处 理效果。(2)以UASB反应器作为硫酸盐还原相,在进水COD/SO_4~(2-)比值分别为5:1和2:1时,均可培养出以还原硫酸盐和酸化有机物为主要功能的颗粒污泥;以厌氧滤池作为硫酸盐还原相在技术上也可行。(3)硫酸盐还原相进水SO_4~(2-)浓度应低于1500mg/L,将部分产甲烷相出水回流可起稀释作用。(4)以拉西瓷环为填料的上流式填料床生物脱硫反应器,在进水硫化物浓度约为250mg/L时,进水容积负荷可达23.8kg/(m~3·d),硫化物去除率     

高氨氮、高含硫废水处理新工艺的研究

介绍了一种采用固定化高效微生物与JADS曝气系统构成的处理高氨氮、高含硫废水的曝气生物流化床 (ABFT)工艺。炼油厂综合废水进水水质为 :COD 980mg/L ,氨氮 6 82mg/L ,硫化物 16 2mg/L ,挥发酚 18mg/L ,悬浮物 399mg/L ,石油类 4 1mg/L ;经ABFT工艺处理后出水水质分别为 :137mg/L ,0 2 2 7mg/L ,0 0 18mg/L ,0 0 34mg/L ,6 4 8mg/L ,8 6mg/L。     

污水二级处理出水深度处理的试验研究

本文对曝气生物滤池用于城市污水和工业废水的深度处理进行了试验研究。分析了曝气生物滤池、纤维球过滤作为主体工艺对城市污水二级处理厂出水进行深度处理的工艺可行性 ;研究了曝气生物滤池的运行特性 ;考察了采用曝气生物滤池、纤维过滤、活性炭吸附、微滤以及反渗透工艺对工业废水二级出水进行深度处理后回用于循环冷却水系统补水的可行性和可靠性。试验结果表明 :①曝气生物滤池对二级处理后的城市污水 (试验Ⅰ )和工业废水 (试验Ⅱ )中COD的去除率分别为2 5 1%和 5 5 6 % ,出水COD浓度为 33mg/L和 33 6mg/L ,对BOD均有 70 %以上的去除率 ,并且对SS及浊度、氨氮均有很高的去除率 ;②曝气生物滤池对SS与浊度的去除率随进水滤速升高呈直线下降趋势 ,而对COD的去除率在某一个滤速范围内达到最高 ,此时滤池内有机负荷为 1～ 1 5kg COD/ (m3 ·d) ,有效水力停留时间为 1～ 1 5h ;③曝气生物滤池中的溶解氧浓度随填料层增高呈线性增加的趋势 ,COD的去除率沿填料层高度变化为非线性的 ,在试验Ⅰ中 1 5～2m之间的填料层内对COD的去除率最高 ;④根据COD和SS去除率的变化判断反冲洗的周期 ,采用气水联合的方式对曝气生物滤池进行反冲洗 ,反冲洗后曝气生物滤池需要一定的时间才能恢复对污染物的去除能力 ,试     

曝气生物滤池去除有机物及氨氮的影响因素分析

采用以陶粒为填料的曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理生活污水,研究气水比、水力负荷、进水COD和NH3-N负荷对BAF去除COD及NH3-N的影响,分析COD及NH3-N沿滤柱的变化规律。结果表明:当试验进水COD及NH3-N质量浓度分别为300~370mg/L和20~40mg/L时,最佳气水比为4∶1~5∶1,最佳水力负荷为1.0~2.0 m3/(m2.h)。当进水COD负荷为1.69~6.47 kg/(m3.d)时,COD去除率与进水COD负荷成正相关。BAF的硝化性能与进水NH3-N和COD负荷成负相关。     

滤速对悬浮填料曝气生物滤池处理效果的影响

应用新型悬浮填料曝气生物滤池对广州市某污水处理厂的实际污水进行中试试验,控制滤速分别为6m/h、8m/h、10m/h、12m/h,以考察工艺在不同滤速下对氨氮,总氮和COD的去除能力。试验结果表明,在悬浮填料生物滤池滤速为10m/h、升流式悬浮填料柱曝气量为1m~3/h、降流式悬浮填料柱到升流式悬浮填料曝气柱回流比为100%、砂滤池滤速为7m~3/h的工况下,可达到最优处理效果。进水氨氮、总氮、COD分别为7.40~15.05mg/L、14.02~22.42mg/L、165~225mg/L,砂滤出水的氨氮、总氮、COD分别低于0.42mg/L、10mg/L和20mg/L,平均去除率分别达到96.88%、55.92%和91.47%。中试系统运行稳定,出水水质指标达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准。     

混凝与MBR组合工艺用于火电厂生活污水回用

讨论了一级强化混凝工艺与膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺联用的优越性，并进行经济分析.指出混凝MBR组合工艺应用到电厂生活污水处理在理论上和技术上都是可行的，其出水COD质量浓度小于25mg/L，NH-3N质量浓度小于1.5mg/L，BOD5质量浓度小于10mg/L，浊度小于0.3NTU，SS质量浓度约为0mg/L，处理水回用于冲灰补水和循环水补水，还可以回用于厂区的绿化用水和道路冲洗水，而且运行费用低，具有良好的环境和社会效益。     

水解-气浮-曝气生物滤池工艺在印染废水处理中的应用

采用水解 气浮 曝气生物滤池工艺处理印染废水的运行结果表明 :在原废水COD为830mg/L ,色度为 560倍 ,BOD为 2 90mg/L的条件下 ,其去除率分别为 82 % ,94 %和 93% ,出水达标排放。     

纯氧预曝气-生物过滤组合工艺处理微污染水中试研究

采用中试规模设备研究纯氧预曝气和生物过滤组合工艺对微污染水源水中多种污染物的处理效果。在沉淀池末端进行纯氧预曝气,能够提高溶解氧浓度至9.43~13.05mg/L,比较了活性无烟煤和活性炭两种滤料生物过滤工艺。原水氨氮为3mg/L时,出水氨氮平均值为0.07mg/L,且无亚硝态氮积累,CODMn平均去除率为71.72%,出水CODMn浓度均值为0.94mg/L,铁离子平均去除率为98.29%,出水铁离子浓度均值为0.011 mg/L,对典型臭味物质二甲硫醚的去除率为95.24%。结果表明活性无烟煤和活性炭两种滤料的性能类似。纯氧预曝气-生物过滤组合工艺适用于水厂常规处理工艺改造,对传统水厂技术升级具有重要的价值。     

深度处理维生素制药废水的中试研究

维生素制药废水经过初步生化处理后,出水水质无法满足要求,具有难降解、COD和氨氮浓度高的特点,针对这些特点,本文采用"强化复合曝气水解酸化→高效厌氧复合反应→流离生物接触氧化"连续工艺深度处理维生素制药废水,研究其可行性。处理规模为7.2 m3/d的中型试验结果表明:强化复合曝气水解酸化能使进水B/C值由0.33提高到0.48,提高下一步生化反应的处理效率,当进水CODCr的浓度为150～641 mg/L,氨氮浓度为6～115 mg/L时,平均去除率分别达到84.28%、93.8%,出水COD浓度小于50mg/L,氨氮浓度小于5 mg/L,出水水质能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》GB18918-2002中的一级A指标,该连续工艺深度处理此类废水具有可行性和稳定性。     

Treatment of slaughterhouse plant wastewater by using a membrane bioreactor

The use of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for removal of organic substances and nutrients from slaughterhouse plant wastewater was investigated. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations of slaughterhouse wastewater were found to be approximately 571 mg O2/L, 102.5 mg/L, and 16.25 mg PO4-P/L, respectively. A submerged type membrane was used in the bioreactor. The removal efficiencies for COD, total organic carbon (TOC), TP and TN were found to be 97, 96, 65, 44% respectively. The COD value of wastewater was decreased to 16 mg/L (COD discharge standard for slaughterhouse plant wastewaters is 160 mg/L). TOC was decreased to 9 mg/L (TOC discharge standard for slaughterhouse plant wastewaters is 20 mg/L). Ammonium, and nitrate nitrogen concentrations of treated effluent were 0.100 mg NH4-N/L, and 80.521 mg NO3-N/L, respectively. Slaughterhouse wastewater was successfully treated with the MBR process.     

Three stages MBR (methanogenic, aerobic biofilm and membrane filtration) for the treatment of low-strength wastewaters

The use of a new three stages MBR process with a first methanogenic UASB stage, a second stage with aerobic biofilm growing on small carrier elements maintained in suspension and third stage with membrane filtration module is presented. The objective of the first methanogenic chamber is to diminish COD of the raw wastewater, producing a biogas rich in methane, and decrease the sludge production. In the second stage, the remaining soluble biodegradable COD is oxidized by heterotrophs. In the third stage, the membrane modules could be operated at higher fluxes than those reported for AnMBR systems, and similar to those obtained in aerobic MBRs. In this sense, the concept of these three stages MBR is to join the advantages of the methanogenic and aerobic membrane bioreactor processes, by reducing energy requirements for aeration, producing biogas with high methane percentage and a permeate with very low COD content. A synthetic wastewater was fed to the three stages MBR. COD in the influent was between 200 and 1,200 mg/L, ammonium ranged from 10 to 35 mg/L and phosphorous concentration was 8 mg/L. OLR in-between 1 and 3 kg COD/(m3 d) and a HRT of 13-21 h were applied. Temperature was between 17.5 and 23.2 degrees C. During the whole operating period the COD removal efficiencies were in the range of 90 and 96% of which in between 40 and 80% was removed in the first methanogenic chamber. Biogas production with methane content between 75 and 80% was observed. With regard to membrane operation, average permeabilities around 150 L/(m2 h bar) were achieved, operating with fluxes of 11-15 L/(m2 h).     

The removal of residual organic matter from biologically treated swine wastewater using membrane bioreactor process with powdered activated carbon.

The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms of the COD removal in the membrane bioreactor (MBR) process with powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition and to determine its optimal operation, for the removal of residual organic matters (ROM) from biologically treated swine wastewater. The MBR process with PAC showed higher removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD(Mn)) than that without PAC. When the average COD(Mn) concentration of the influent was 217 mg/L, the average COD(Mn) concentration of the permeate from the MBR with PAC was about 41.5 mg/L, indicating an approximate removal efficiency of 81%. On the other hand, the average COD(Mn) concentration of the permeate from the MBR without PAC was 172 mg/L. The PAC dosage estimated to obtain the above removal efficiency was about 0.74 g per litre of influent. Among the total residual organics removed by PAC-added MBR, 46.5% was removed by PAC adsorption, 20.8% by biodegradation, 4.4% by membrane separation, and 9.3% by enhanced microorganism activity. From these results, the MBR process with PAC was considered as a very useful treatment process for the reduction of COD(Mn) in biologically treated swine wastewater.     

预氧化微电解技术预处理高含盐氯碱废水

为了有效处理含有复杂有机污染物的高含盐氯碱废水,采用预氧化微电解工艺预处理该类废水。试验结果表明:在曝气充氧条件下,停留时间为4 h、DO质量浓度保持在1.0 mg/L左右时,COD的去除率在25%左右,多种复杂有机污染物可得到有效的降解,为后续好氧生化处理创造了良好条件。采用本文工艺平均处理成本仅为0.08元/m3。     

Domestic wastewater reclamation by submerged membrane bioreactor with high concentration powdered activated carbon for stream restoration.

This study focuses on the practical application of high concentration powdered activated carbon coupled membrane bio-reactor to domestic wastewater reclamation. The study was conducted in three parts, such as analysis of secondary domestic wastewater effluent, design and operation parameter evaluation and reclaimed water quality estimation for stream restoration. The organic concentration was 25.2-80.2 mgCOD(Cr)/L for the effluent of three domestic wastewater treatment plants. Around 50-75% of the COD was low molecular substances less than 1,000 which were quite biodegradable. The sawdust PAC was estimated to be proper adsorbent for the organics in the secondary effluents. Its Freundlich constant, K value was 5.847 and 1/n, 0.36. Using a system consists of single reactor with high concentration PAC (80 g/L) and submerged hollow fiber MF membrane module with nominal pore size of 0.1 microm, design and operation parameters were obtained, such as HRT of the bioreactor (2.5 hr), PAC concentration (80 g/L), the initial flux (less than 0.5 m/day) and intermittent suction cycle (12 min. suction and 3 min. idling). Organic removal by the system was high enough to produce reclaimed water for urban stream restoration The effluent organic concentration was at the level of 2 mg/L in terms of TOC (around 5 mg/L as COD(Cr)). Substances with molecular weight cut off < 1,000 were removed mostly by adsorption and biodegradation. Those above 1,000 were rejected at PAC cake layer on the membrane and gradually degraded by microorganisms during extended contact.     

Fenton试剂处理选矿废水的试验研究

研究用Fenton试剂处理含苯胺黑药(二苯胺基二硫代磷酸)模拟废水和实际选矿废水,分别考查了反应初始pH值、Fe2+浓度及H2O2用量对COD去除率的影响。结果表明:氧化时间为10 min,反应初始pH值为4,ρ(Fe2+)=1.83 g/L,ρ(H2O2)=5.55 g/L,模拟废水苯胺黑药的质量浓度为300 mg/L时,COD去除率达到83.6%;对于实际废水,当ρ(Fe2+)=50mg/L,pH值=3.5,ρ(H2O2)=1800mg/L时,出水ρ(COD)从1000mg/L降到32 mg/L,COD去除率为96.8%,达到废水排放标准,药剂成本估计为每处理1 m3废水需要费用18元。     

转笼生物反应器运行影响参数分析与优化实验

根据前期的实验结果对转笼生物反应器运行影响因素进行了分析,发现其污水处理率主要与转笼转速、曝气量、污水流速、浸没量等因素有关。为了得到较优的运行参数,采用混合正交实验方案进行测试,实验结果表明:在转笼转速为1.5 r/min、曝气量为2 m3/h、污水流速1 m3/h、转笼完全浸没、平均水力停留时间为80.5min条件下,COD和NH3-N的去除率分别达到82.18%和81.62%,为转笼生物反应器的实际应用提供参考。     

Two-stage SBR for treatment of oil refinery wastewater.

A two-stage sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system was used for treatment of oily wastewater with COD and oil and grease (O&G) concentrations ranging from 1,722-7,826 mg/L and 5,365-13,350 mg/L, respectively. A suitable start-up protocol was developed using gradual increase in oily wastewater composition with methanol as the co-substrate. This strategy enabled a short acclimation period of 12 days for the sludge in the two-stage SBR to adapt to the oily wastewater. After acclimation, the 1st stage and 2nd stage SBRs were able to achieve COD removals of 47.0+/-2.4% and 95.3+/-0.5%, respectively. The 1st stage SBR was able to achieve 99.8+/-0.1% of O&G removal and effluent O&G from the 1st stage SBR was only 6+/-2 mg/L. The 2nd stage SBR was used to further remove COD in the effluent from the 1st stage SBR. The final effluent from the 2nd stage SBR had a COD concentration of 97+/-16 mg/L with no detectable O&G content. Thus, a two-stage SBR system was shown to be feasible for treating high strength oily wastewater to meet the local discharge standards.