城市公共空间的导视系统设计

目的探究城市公共空间导视系统的社会价值及其设计策略。方法立足于城市导视系统的基本内涵,分析城市公共空间导视系统的主要社会价值,总结其中存在的指示不标准、缺乏统一的知识信息和形式以及更新不及时、无法跟上城市的建设步伐等现实问题,再基于导视系统的图形、色彩、文字3要素,从地铁导视系统、博物馆导视系统的设计实例探究,明确图形的创新优化、色彩的多样尝试、文字的内涵挖掘等具体方向与方法,并对城市公共空间导视系统的未来发展进行展望。结论城市公共空间的导视系统是城市的重要风景,科学设计导视系统能够提升城市形象,突出文化与地域特色,在给人们的出行指引方向、提供便利的同时,也塑造了一种独特的人文情怀,强化了城市的时尚性、地域性和宜居性。     

基于人文关怀视角的医院住院部导视系统设计——以颍上县中医院为例

通过对颍上中医院、蚌埠骨科医院等地实地调研，了解医院导视标识系统的现状，分析现代医院导视标识系统中存在的问题，结合人们不同需求层次和行为心理特征，从人性关怀角度对医院导视系统视觉表现、色彩传递、信息连贯性、位置尺度及材质工艺等方面提出医院导视设计中的设计关注点与策略。最后总结出医院的导视系统设计要体现的不仅是功能，同时需要把对人的关怀融入其中。     

基于东京地铁空间体验的导视系统

目的通过分析以用户为中心的东京地铁导视系统设计案例,探讨地铁导视设计中关注用户体验的必要性,并推导地铁导视系统的设计规律。方法对东京地铁的历史背景及其导视系统的发展现状进行调查。根据研究方向,选择个别地铁站的导视系统开展重点分析,梳理设计脉络并研究其设计方法。将东京地铁导视设计的现状、演变进程和设计手法与用户体验相关理论结合,进行交叉研究。结论以用户体验的理论与方法进行地铁导视系统设计能够改善设计的质量。在设计过程中,设计师需要关注用户行为、认知规律及心理需求,通过基于行为逻辑的信息架构为用户提供连续不断的信息流,并依据人机工程学理论和认知心理学理论对呈现信息的方式进行设计,营造地铁站的独特魅力,建立用户与城市及空间的情感联结。     

人机工程学在家具设计中的应用

通过对家具设计中的人机因素分析,即尺度、形态、功能、色彩四方面的具体分析,寻求家具设计与人机工程学的关系,从而论证目前家具设计中人机工程学应用的一些局限性,即学科内涵与目标的矛盾、共性原则与个性需求的矛盾、统计与个案的矛盾以及合理与合情的矛盾,通过对这些应用矛盾的透析,探求出家具设计中人机工程学应用的原则,从而最终为产品设计中人机工程学的应用探索出一条道路.     

城市环境导视中的标识系统

分析了城市环境导视中标识系统设计的基础、内涵和意义,并结合城市环境导视系统的功能,论述了城市中标识及标识牌设计和设置的现状,进而分析了公共环境中标识系统的不规范性、不合理性,以及在设计中存在的具体问题。在此基础上,提出了城市导视系统改进的措施,以及怎样通过城市环境导视系统的完善来提升城市的整体形象。     

导视系统中的视觉艺术构建方法探析

随着时代的发展与科技的创新,导视系统在满足能够科学引导的功能基础上,还应呈现出一定的艺术价值来满足于环境需求与人们日益增长的审美需求,文章中所要探讨的便是从导视的外观造型、使用材料的质感、色彩之间的搭配、字体符号的造型、图文的排列方式、光影效果等方面寻求对导视设计中视觉艺术的构建,以求导视系统在发展的过程中能够更加贴合于空间环境氛围并体现出一定的公共艺术属性。     

刍议适宜作业的人机工程学设计理念

本文对人机工程学设计、作业研究与机械设计的关系进行了分析,总结出人机工程学设计的基本原则、设计时需要考虑的主要因素和符合人机工程学的设计准则。提出了适宜作业的人机工程学设计理念。     

基于可持续发展理念的小学校园导视系统设计研究——以定远县实验小学为例

随着素质教育的快速发展，校园的附属功能越来越多，学校的空间构成与划分越来越复杂，传统的导视系统已经无法满足师生的日常需求。本文以定远县实验小学为例，在更新现存校园导视系统的同时，将可持续发展的理念引入校园导视系统设计中，并明确可持续发展理念的应用到校园导视系统的重要意义。同时提出将学校历史文脉及办学特色融入导视系统，使设计兼具实用功能和审美功能，提升校园文化氛围，提高学校整体形象，并由此总结出可持续发展的校园导视系统设计策略。     

基于儿童群体特征需求的导视系统设计

目的 研究儿童公共空间内满足儿童生活需求的导视交互设计。方法 通过对城市儿童公共空间的观察、访谈和实际生存体验,分析儿童的生理特征、认知特征和行为特征,探索儿童生活需求,对人与人之间或人与物之间的交互设计进行有效分析。结论 儿童是不可忽视的行动主体,通过对公共空间内儿童导视系统设计的深入研究与分析,用体验设计、交互设计等方式体现社会生活的人本关怀,让儿童通过导视系统设计关注自我、发展自我。     

城市公共休憩空间的公共设施设计探讨

目的探究城市公共休憩空间的公共设施设计原则及方向。方法从公共设施在城市公共休憩空间中的重要性入手,分析其在人们生活、休闲、交流、休息等方面的功能,同时分析其在现实中存在的一些问题及不足,总结未来的设计原则,从生态、科学、人性、审美等视角探讨城市公共休憩空间的公共设施设计的方向,再分别深入城市公园公共设施设计、商业步行街公共设施设计两方面探讨具体的设计策略,探索功能与艺术的完美结合,尝试找到环境、人的最佳平衡点。结论城市公共休憩空间的公共设施设计关系整个城市的文化形象,代表着一座城市的精神面貌,对其中的公共设施设计进行全方位的设计思考及实践,能够营造出更富活力的城市空间,更好地提升城市品位。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.