无机高分子复合絮凝剂的研究进展及发展趋势

论文综述了无机高分子复合絮凝剂的研究进展。首先论述了无机高分子复合絮凝剂的特性和优势；然后对聚硅铝盐无机高分子复合絮凝剂，聚硅铁盐无机高分子复合絮凝剂，聚合铝铁无机高分子复合絮凝剂，其它无机高分子复合絮凝剂等的研究进展进行了综述和评论，内容包括制备、应用、絮凝作用机理等。最后，论文还对无机高分子复合絮凝剂的发展趋势进行了展望。     

复合高分子絮凝剂在废水处理中的应用进展

概述了4类复合型高分子絮凝剂(无机复合高分子絮凝剂、有机复合高分子絮凝剂、无机-有机复合高分子絮凝剂和复合微生物絮凝剂)及其在废水处理中的应用进展,简单比较了各类复合型高分子絮凝剂的优缺点.认为今后复合型高分子絮凝剂研发领域的发展方向为:高效、广谱、环保、价廉絮凝剂的开发;作用机理研究;以废治废理念的拓展.     

聚硅酸盐类絮凝剂的制备及研究进展

无机高分子复合絮凝剂与普通的无机高分子絮凝剂相比有很多优点,近年来受到过内外学者的广泛重视并得到开发应用,聚硅酸盐类絮凝剂的开发成了研究热点。通过对几种高分子聚硅酸盐絮凝剂的介绍,分析了它们的制备方法、特点、发展现状及应用。     

国内含铁无机复合高分子絮凝剂开发的进展

文章简述了国内含铁无机复合高分子絮凝剂开发的进展,综合介绍了两类以聚合硫酸铁(PFS)为基础的无机复合高分子絮凝剂(无机铁系型、其它无机含铁型)的制备方法,简单介绍了上述絮凝剂的絮凝性能及其在工业废水处理中的应用,并对无机复合高分子絮凝剂今后发展的方向进行了展望。     

聚硅酸铝盐絮凝剂的应用及研究进展

无机高分子复合絮凝剂与普通的无机高分子絮凝剂相比有很多优点,近年来受到国内外学者的广泛重视并得到开发应用,聚硅酸铝盐絮凝剂的开发成了研究热点。通过对几种高分子聚硅酸铝盐絮凝剂的介绍,分析了它们的特点、发展现状及应用,指出今后将有广阔的发展前景。     

复合无机高分子絮凝剂在水处理中的研究进展

近年来,受水处理工程需要的牵引,复合无机高分子絮凝剂的开发研制及应用研究受到格外的关注,取得了不少新成果.综述了复合无机高分子絮凝剂制备工艺的改进及在水处理应用的研究进展,针对目前我国复合絮凝剂研发工作提出了一些建议.     

复合高分子絮凝剂的制备及研究进展

复合高分子絮凝剂近年来发展迅速并成为研究的热点。对无机复合高分子絮凝剂、有机复合高分子絮凝剂和无机-有机复合高分子絮凝剂的国内外研究现状进行了概述,分析了复合高分子絮凝剂处理废水的优势及其发展面临的问题,指出无机-天然有机复合高分子絮凝剂将是未来研究的重点。     

复合高分子絮凝剂的研究进展

复合高分子絮凝剂是由两种或两种以上成分混合而成的、具有良好絮凝性能的高分子聚合物。本文主要对近几年国内外关于无机-无机复合高分子絮凝剂、无机-有机复合高分子絮凝剂、无机-天然高分子絮凝剂、无机-生物高分子絮凝剂的研究进行了综述,并对复合高分子絮凝剂今后的发展进行了展望。     

复合高分子絮凝剂的研究与应用进展

复合高分子絮凝剂既克服了单一絮凝剂吸附效果差、不易降解等缺点,又实现了不同成分在性能上的互补,在水处理领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文对复合高分子絮凝剂进行了分类概述,综述了无机-无机复合高分子絮凝剂、无机-有机复合高分子絮凝剂、微生物复合絮凝剂等复合高分子絮凝剂的研究进展,并对未来复合高分子絮凝剂的发展趋势进行了展望。     

油田污水处理絮凝剂的研究及发展

概述了油田污水处理过程中所用絮凝剂的分类,对国内外各类絮凝剂：无机高分子絮凝剂（阴离子、阳离子和无机复合絮凝剂）,有机絮凝剂（合成高分子絮凝剂,改性天然高分子絮凝剂和微生物絮凝剂）和复合絮凝剂的研制与开发动态以及取得的较为重要进展进行了综述,对油田污水处理絮凝剂的发展趋势和研究方向做了展望。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.