基于改进DPSO算法的并行测试任务优化调度研究

并行测试以减少测试时间和降低测试成本的强大优势,已成为当前自动测试系统发展的方向。针对并行自动测试过程中,测试任务调度复杂,难以优化的问题,以PSO算法为基础,通过对问题空间编码的重新定义,并运用交叉、变异算子给出了新的粒子位置的更新公式,提出了一种改进后的DPSO算法。依据并行测试完成时间极限定理,给出了并行测试任务调度的目标函数与约束条件。以某雷达电子装备并行测试系统中三块电路板并行测试为例,对改进的DPSO算法进行了仿真验证,得到了最优调度测试序列。结果表明：与遗传算法相比,改进后的DPSO算法迭代次数更少,寻优性能更好,适用于工程应用。     

基于混合人工蜂群算法的并行测试任务优化研究

并行测试技术可以同时进行多个任务的测试,提高资源利用率,节约测试成本;并行测试调度问题是一种复杂的组合优化问题,是并行测试技术的核心要素;并行测试系统作为并行测试技术的载体,自身的性能和求解效率尤其重要;对并行测试完成时间极限定理进行了研究,建立了并行测试任务调度的数学模型,分析了传统元启发式算法求解并行测试问题的不足,提出了基于动态规划的递归搜索技术和人工蜂群算法相结合的混合人工蜂群算法,并采用整数规划精确算法和遗传算法对混合人工蜂群算法进行验证;得出结论采用混合人工蜂群算法进行并行测试任务的调度节约了接近50%的时间,降低了约20%的硬件资源占用,提高了测试效率,可以满足工程实际的应用。     

基于改进离散粒子群禁忌算法的并行测试任务调度

针对并行测试任务调度问题特点,提出了一种解决并行测试任务调度的离散粒子群禁忌算法,设计了符合并行测试任务调度特点的粒子初始化编码方式、粒子位置转移公式以及禁忌搜索邻域。通过与禁忌搜索相结合,避免了离散粒子群算法早熟问题。通过实验以及算法对比,表明提出的算法是快速有效的,能够很好地解决并行测试任务调度问题,求得测试总时间最短的任务调度序列。     

基于GSPN和人工免疫算法的并行测试任务调度研究

针对ATS中并行测试任务调度复杂、难以优化的问题,提出了一种广义随机Petri网和人工免疫算法相结合的任务调度优化算法.首先对并行测试系统建立广义随机Petri网(GSPN)模型,然后将激发的变迁序列集作为并行测试任务调度路径;将免疫克隆选择算法(ICSA)应用到并行测试系统任务调度问题中,并提出一种自适应克隆选择算子,搜索最优任务调度路径,得到以测试时间最短为目标的最优任务调度方案.用某型雷达接收机并行测试系统对该算法进行仿真验证,结果表明,与改进的混合遗传算法(IHGA)相比,该算法能够便捷地得到任务调度最优序列,且测试效率更高.     

基于有色Petri网和IPSO的并行测试系统任务调度研究

并行测试以减少测试时间和降低测试成本的强大优势成为下一代自动测试系统ATS发展的热点;针对ATS中并行测试任务调度复杂、难以优化问题,提出了一种有色Petri网和改进粒子群优化(IPSO)算法相结合的任务调度优化算法;采用有色Petri网建立并行测试系统模型,得到并行测试的动态特性;采用IPSO算法搜索最优的任务调度路径,得到以测试时间最短为目标的最优任务调度方案;最后,将该算法应用到某型雷达电路板并行测试系统中,研究结果表明,与遗传算法GA相比,该算法效率更高,更利于工程应用。     

信息处理单元测试系统并行测试技术研究

针对信息处理单元测试的功能需求,设计实现了基于PXIe总线的测试系统,系统包括测控单元、供电单元和接口单元三个组成部分,并完成了测试系统的软件设计;根据信息处理单元测试系统实际的测试流程和所需资源的使用情况,将并行测试技术引入到系统中,重新对相互独立的测试任务进行了并行化分析,构建了该测试系统的任务调度数学模型,提出了一种改进的自适应遗传算法(即IAGA算法),解决了并行测试模块中复杂且难以优化的任务调度问题;对任务调度模型进行了算法仿真验证和实验结果分析,验证了所得解的全局性,所得出的执行序列与串行测试相比,测试效率提高了43.57%,并与其他算法进行了对比,验证了IAGA算法的可行性与优越性;最后将IAGA算法嵌入到了测试系统的软件当中,实现了该优化策略的实际工程应用。     

混合算法在网格任务调度中的应用研究

研究网格任务优化调度问题,针对需求的复杂和网格系统具有异构性和动态性,导致网络任务调度过程相当困难.传统调度算法调度效率低、资源负载不平衡.为了提高任务调度效率,降低资源负载不平衡性,提出一种混合的网格任务调度优化算法.首先采用遗传算法全局搜索能力快速形成初始解,然后将遗传算法的调度结果作为蚁群算法的初始信息素分布,最后利用蚁群算法所正反馈性机制迅速地形成任务调度的最优解.仿真结果表明,混合算法减少网格任务调度系统任务完成时间,提高了任务调度效率,为网格设计提供了依据.     

通用ATS并行测试的任务调度模型研究

为了保证测试任务正确高效地完成,介绍了通用自动测试系统体系结构,构建了并行测试软件模型;在测试资源模型和测试任务模型的基础上,研究了任务调度的一般性问题,建立了任务调度的数学模型;总结了影响任务调度的主要因素,针对3种并行测试硬件模型下不同的资源方式,分析了其具体任务调度问题;为后续研究任务调度算法及其实现奠定了理论基础。     

一种粒子群优化的异构多处理器任务调度算法

为提高异构多处理器任务调度的执行效率,充分发挥多处理器并行性能,提出一种基于粒子群优化的异构多处理器任务调度算法-PSOASA算法.PSOASA算法以求得任务最短完成时间为目标,首先采用整数矩阵对粒子进行编码,并定义交换操作更新粒子状态,实现粒子搜索空间到离散空间的映射,使连续的粒子群优化算法适用于离散的异构多处理器任务调度问题,同时引入模拟退火算法,克服粒子群算法的“早熟”收敛现象,避免求得的解陷入局部最优.实验结果表明,PSOASA算法的执行效率优于目前广泛采用的遗传算法,有效地降低任务执行时间,减少了迭代次数,适用于异构多处理器环境大规模任务调度.     

基于粒子群优化算法的异构多处理器任务调度

为提高异构多处理器任务调度的执行效率,充分发挥多处理器并行性能,提出一种基于粒子群优化的异构多处理器任务调度算法-PSOASA算法.PSOASA算法以求得任务最短完成时间为目标,首先通过建立新的编码方式和粒子更新公式实现粒子搜索空间到离散空间的映射,使连续的粒子群优化算法适用于离散的异构多处理器任务调度问题,同时通过引入模拟退火算法,克服粒子群算法的“早熟”收敛现象,避免求得的解陷入局部最优.实验结果表明,PSOASA算法的执行效率优于目前广泛采用的遗传算法,有效地降低任务的执行时间,减少了迭代次数,适用于异构多处理器环境大规模任务调度.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.