提高带辊压机的Ф3．2m×13m磨机产量的措施

我公司生产P·C32．5水泥，水泥粉磨系统是由辊压机和球磨机组成的联合粉磨开路系统，自2004年10月投产1年多以来，台时产量一直在68t／h左右徘徊，电耗在35kWh／t左右，经过一段时间的调整，现在台时产量在78t／h左右，电耗小于30kWh／t，现将技改经验介绍如下。     

无循环风机和旋风筒预粉磨系统的整改

新疆天业天辰水泥公司无循环风机和旋风筒的水泥预粉磨系统在试生产过程中,V型选粉机分选效果差,高效选粉机电流居高不下,出磨篦板与出磨筛板之间存有大量的钢段,下料溜槽磨损过快;辊压机系统和磨机系统参数控制存在优化空间。采取相应措施整改后,台时产量从160 t/h增加到了230 t/h;吨水泥电耗较调整前降低27.13 kWh以上。     

水泥辊压机联合粉磨系统优化与实践

以某水泥公司大辊压机联合粉磨系统为例介绍了其多种粉磨工艺可切换的工艺流程、设备配置、优化措施及实际应用情况。经过优化调整后的实践结果表明，采用180-140辊压机配Ф3.8 m×14.5 m球磨机的联合粉磨系统，生产P·O42.5R水泥台时产量可达到224 t/h，水泥工序电耗可降到23.6 kWh/t，电耗达到国内先进水平。     

水泥磨半终粉磨系统的技改

对水泥磨系统进行节能降耗改造,在球磨闭路粉磨系统之前增加HFCG180-160型大辊压机,组成HFCG180-160辊压机+Φ4.2 m×13.5 m球磨机的水泥半终粉磨系统（开路）。技改后的半终粉磨系统平均台时产量由95 t/h提高到250 t/h,粉磨工序电耗从38.0 kWh/t降低到24.0 kWh/t,单产电耗平均降低14.0 kWh/t。     

水泥粉磨系统节能降耗改造应用

对水泥磨系统进行节能降耗改造,原有120-45小辊压机更换为HFCG180-160型大辊压机,形成HFCG180-160辊压机+Φ3.2m×13m球磨机的配置,组成“大辊压机+小磨机”水泥联合粉磨系统。技改前单套系统平均台时产量70t/h,技改后的系统台产平均提高到185t/h;粉磨工序电耗从技改前的平均37.8k Wh/t,降低到平均26.5k Wh/t,单产电耗平均降低11.3kWh/t。     

Φ3．2m×13m水泥辊压联合粉磨系统的节能改造

我公司一条1200t／d生产线水泥粉磨系统采用Φ3．2m×13m高细磨与G120—45辊压机组成联合粉磨。自2003年建成投产以来,生产P·C32．5水泥产量一直在78t／h左右,电耗32kWh／t。2008年6月开始对其改造与优化调整,现台时产量稳定在92t／h,电耗26kWh／t,水泥质量也明显提高,成本大幅度下降。     

增加辊宽提高产能的经验

2019年我公司的粉磨系统完成节能技改后，实现了由辊压机（HFCG140-80）+V型选粉机+球磨机（Φ4.2 m×13 m）+高效涡流选粉机组成的双闭路联合粉磨系统。技改完成后生产P·O42.5水泥时，系统台时产量最高能达到160 t/h，吨水泥电耗能达到32 kWh/t以下。但是，随着辊压机辊面的逐渐磨损，系统台时产量不断降低，电耗不断升高。我公司技术人员在进行辊压机辊面修复的同时，也对现有的粉磨系统与其他厂家进行了对比分析，发现采用相同规格磨机（Φ4.2 m×13 m）并且是开路磨的厂家，因为采用了更大规格的辊压机（HFCG180-160），系统台时产量可达200 t/h以上，可知我公司产量无法进一步提升的瓶颈主要是在辊压机处理量不够。     

半终粉磨系统改为两辊带一磨的提产降耗措施

介绍了辊压机开路联合粉磨系统存在的辊压机做功功率偏低、磨机装机配置过大而带来的台时产量低、能耗高问题,围绕“充分发挥辊压机粉磨效能高的特点,提升辊压机做功功率,实施优化辊、磨做功匹配”的提产降耗调整思路,通过采取加装三分离选粉机、改造下料溜子等措施,将该系统改为半终粉磨工艺系统,进而改造为“两辊带一磨”的工艺流程。改造后生产P·Ⅱ42.5R硅酸盐水泥台时产量达到250 t/h以上,电耗下降到37 kWh/t,最终实现了磨机提产降耗、提质增效的技改目标。     

Ф4.2m×13.5m水泥磨加辊压机的技术改造

我公司2500t/d生产线配套Ф4.2m×13.5m闭路水泥粉磨系统于2003年投产,至2009年水泥磨台时产量达到105t/h（P.O42.5级水泥,以下同）,工序电耗38kWh/t,大大超过了设计能力。目前水泥行业辊压机系统日趋成熟,为节能降耗,公司决定对水泥磨系统进行改造,增加HFCG160—140辊压机和HFV4000气流分级机组成闭路挤压联合粉磨系统。改造的目标是将台时产量提升到160t／h,电耗降为32kWh／t。     

水泥磨主排风机叶片改造

我公司2006年新建80万t水泥粉磨站,采用φ4．2m×13m水泥磨配套φ1．4m×1．1m辊压机的联合粉磨系统。2007年1月份由于辊压机未安装到位,磨机先行投产使用,7月份辊压机安装完毕后,全线投入使用。经过调试,磨机产能达到设计要求：P·C32．5水泥台时产量为160t／h,P·O42．5水泥台时产量为150t／h。但系统主排风机暴露出较大的问题。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。