玉米叶片花青素相对含量高光谱遥感反演

针对传统植物叶片色素测量存在的问题,提出了一种采用高光谱遥感技术反演玉米叶片花青素相对含量的方法。以含花青素的玉米叶片为对象,获取玉米叶片的花青素相对含量及高光谱反射率,分析350～1 000nm波段范围内玉米叶片的反射光谱特征,建立基于敏感波段、已有光谱指数、新光谱指数的玉米叶片花青素相对含量反演模型,并进行分析、比较。结果表明,玉米叶片花青素相对含量的敏感波段为548nm;新光谱指数为521和698nm组成的比值指数(RI(521,698))、554和704nm组成的差值指数(DI(554,704))、557和701nm组成的归一化指数(NI(557,701))。基于RI(521,698)建立的一元线性和一元二次模型及DI(554,704)建立的一元二次模型的拟合R2均大于0.78,预测R2均大于或等于0.73,RMSE小于0.12,是进行玉米叶片花青素相对含量高光谱遥感反演的最优模型,说明在一定的精度范围内,新光谱指数具有无损反演玉米叶片花青素相对含量的潜力。     

一维弹道修正弹飞行稳定性研究

为分析一维弹道修正弹阻力片不同修正能力下,其打开后对弹丸飞行稳定性的影响大小,以某型100 mm一维弹道修正弹为研究对象,运用Simulink软件建立了6自由度刚体弹道模型,通过设置不同仿真条件,利用阻力片打开后弹丸攻角变化、陀螺稳定性判据、动态稳定性判据判断弹丸飞行稳定性;求出了在阻力片分别产生原来弹丸阻力系数3倍、4倍、5倍阻力下,为保证弹丸飞行稳定应控制阻力片打开后产生的新的静力矩的极限值应分别小于原弹丸静力矩的3倍、3.5倍、4倍;通过研究阻力片打开时间对弹丸飞行稳定性的影响,结果表明,阻力片打开时间越晚其对弹丸飞行稳定性的影响越大;分析了阻力片一定修正能力下,以不同射角射击时为保证阻力片打开后弹丸飞行稳定性,阻力片最晚打开时间。     

符号网络聚类算法FEC的改进

针对FEC算法存在的稳定性不够、网络簇抽取质量亟待提高等问题,从以下几个方面对原算法进行了改进:在随机游走前添加了选择目标顶点功能;采用自动步数探测法取消了原算法的随机游走步数参数;在原有的簇抽取评价条件的基础上补充了簇间连接权重评价;通过引入阈值参数实现了簇抽取粒度的可控性。测试结果表明,改进后的算法在稳定性、抗干扰性和聚类分析质量等方面比原算法都有所提高。     

一种求解多处理机调度问题的a-平坦化调度算法

在分析多处理机调度问题的基础上,提出了α-平坦的概念,并将其引入到多处理机调度问题中;基于此,提出了一种新的基于α-平坦的求解多处理机调度问题的算法。算法首先对作业集合做平坦化处理,然后再对处理后所得的新问题进行求解,最终获得原调度问题的一个近似解。实验结果表明,通过该算法可以求得较好的结果,相对于其它启发式算法,该算法具有较好的稳定性。     

需求波动对集群供应链服务系统演化影响研究

由于市场需求波动会对供应链双方决策及服务系统稳定性产生影响,导致企业集群不稳定,影响集群式供应链的实施与运营。针对市场需求波动下,如何维持服务系统良好的稳定性,提升供应链的整体绩效,提出了一种服务系统演化仿真模型。该模型通过Agent建模技术构建“采购-供应”二级供应链环境,将服务系统纳入到该环境中进行演化,在演化中采用“计算实验”方法对市场需求参变量调控,最后在Repast平台上对服务系统的稳定性进行动态模拟分析。实验结果表明,该仿真模型在市场需求波动对服务系统稳定性分析方面具有较好的效果。     

基于混合结构的Chord系统研究

Chord是一种比较有效的P2P路由算法,它能够快速地查找到该资源的位置,但是当节点能力差异较大时会影响网络的稳定性;Chord环上的节点ID与实际物理地址不一致会造成信息的延迟现象;混合式的P2P能够较好的管理能力较差的节点,但是查询具有盲目性。该文通过分析它们两者的优缺点提出了基于混合结构的Chord系统,在一定程度上解决了传统Chord的稳定性、绕路问题和混合P2P结构的查询效率问题。     

Scheduling Algorithm of α-Planarization for Solving the Problem of Multiprocessor Scheduling

在分析多处理机调度问题的基础上,提出了α-平坦的概念,并将其引入到多处理机调度问题中;基于此,提出了一种新的基于α-平坦的求解多处理机调度问题的算法.算法首先对作业集合做平坦化处理,然后再对处理后所得的新问题进行求解,最终获得原调度问题的一个近似解.实验结果表明,通过该算法可以求得较好的结果,相对于其它启发式算法,该算法具有较好的稳定性.     

一种免疫克隆选择检测器优化算法

提出一个免疫克隆选择检测器优化算法,通过对原检测器中个体的抗体克隆、变异和克隆选择操作,实现对检测器分布状况的优化.仿真结果表明,该算法具有较快的收敛速度和较好的稳定性,优化效果也令人满意.     

Cr2O3-Al2O3甲烷敏感材料的研究

采用室温固相合成法制备了不同含量的Cr2O3-Al2O3系列敏感材料,试验研究了Cr2O3催化剂含量和焙烧温度对甲烷气体催化活性的影响,并考察了甲烷传感器灵敏度大小和敏感材料的长期稳定性。结果表明：该法制备的Cr2O3-Al2O3系列敏感材料具有较好的低温催化活性,且随Cr2O3含量的增加,催化剂的低温活性增强。综合考虑敏感材料的催化活性、灵敏度和稳定性,400℃焙烧制备的Cr2O3含量为30％的Cr2O3-Al2O3敏感材料对甲烷低温催化燃烧有较好的催化性能。     

数控铣床光电跟踪伺服系统仿真及优化研究

数控铣床控制系统的稳定性、动态性能和稳态性能是影响加工精度的关键因素.本文对数控铣床的原光电跟踪控制系统进行了SIMULINK仿真分析计算,针对其性能上的不足,提出了基于PID校正的三种改进方案.利用MATLAB建模进行全数字的系统仿真.通过仿真结果的比较分析,提出合理的系统优化方案,最终确定较好优化参数KP、TI、TD,使控制系统性能得到提高.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.