GK-5E型密炼机混炼工艺的研究

采用具有转子密封圈油密封系统的GK-5E型密炼机，研究不同填料体系胶料在混炼过程中的质量变化、密度及拉伸性能。结果表明：用于密封的机械油会在混炼过程中部分进入到混炼胶中；混炼温度和混炼时间对硫化胶的拉伸性能影响不大；胶料配方中白炭黑用量过大会影响混炼时间，进而对硫化胶的拉伸性能产生影响。     

混炼工艺对丁腈橡胶性能的影响

研究混炼工艺对丁腈橡胶性能的影响。结果表明:降低混炼初始温度,混炼能耗增大,混炼胶加工安全性提高;增大填充因数,混炼温度升高,混炼胶加工安全性降低,但生产单位质量混炼胶的能耗减小;缩短混炼时间,混炼胶门尼粘度显著增大,门尼松弛时间延长,填料分散性变差,混炼胶焦烧时间缩短,加工性能差;当填充因数为0. 7时,填料分散均匀,混炼效果较好,混炼胶门尼粘度较小;低温混炼工艺有利于提高硫化胶拉断伸长率,混炼工艺对硫化胶硬度、拉伸强度、回弹值和压缩永久变形影响不明显。     

用行星式螺杆挤出机连续混炼白炭黑填充胶料

研究了用行星式螺杆挤出机连续混炼的白炭黑填充胶料。研究用的原材料为乳聚SBR／白炭黑／硅烷／填料复合胶料，填料与硅烷在复合胶料的制备过程中充分反应，生成了完全硅烷化的白炭黑。由于行星式螺杆挤出机具有极强的冷却能力，所以，所有胶料组分，包括交联剂都可在同一个喂料段计量加入。未发现混炼胶有焦烧现象，连续混炼胶料的性能（如，填料分散和交联性能）以及硫化胶性能（如，拉伸强度和硬度）都与用密炼机混炼的胶料相当。连续混炼的能耗仅为密炼机混炼的1／3。     

润滑剂的种类及PE蜡的用量对氟橡胶性能的影响

研究了6种不同种类的润滑剂以及不同量的PE（聚乙烯）蜡对氟橡胶FKM混炼胶加工硫化性能、硫化胶机械力学性能的影响。结果表明：不同种类的润滑剂对氟橡胶混炼胶的影响效果不同，PE蜡在适当用量的条件下，对氟橡胶的加工性能和拉伸性能均有较好的效果，经300℃热空气老化24h后，强伸性能的保持率也比较好。     

CM／SBR共混工艺的研究

共混工艺对共混胶的性能有很大的影响,本文研究了CM/SBR体系的四种不同混炼工艺.通过测定不同混炼工艺得到的混炼胶的物理性能和炭黑分散情况得出混炼工艺对混炼胶的影响,从而确定最佳的混炼工艺.     

汽车燃油胶管内层氟橡胶及填料品种的研究

考察了汽车燃油管内层氟橡胶混炼胶和填料对性能的影响，并对燃油胶管的挤出特性进行了初步分析。结果表明：对燃油管内层氟橡胶而言，三元氟橡胶使用效果优于二元氟橡胶；补强体系对氟橡胶耐油性能没有明显影响；BaSO4可以改善氟橡胶挤出特性。     

密炼机混炼过氧化物硫化氟橡胶的工艺探究

设计了3种不同门尼黏度的过氧化物硫化氟橡胶(JH53)试验配方,采用开炼与密炼两种混炼工艺,考察混炼胶的硫化性能、物理力学性能及耐低温性能,并利用SEM(扫描电子显微镜)表征混炼胶的表面形貌,探究密炼机的混炼效果。结果表明:与传统开炼机混炼工艺相比,使用密炼机混炼的硫化胶物理力学性能较好,表面形貌更光滑,硫化性能和耐低温性能两者接近。     

国内氟橡胶混炼胶市场问题和对策

氟橡胶因具有优异的耐高温、耐油、耐介质性能，已经被广泛地应用于化工、机械、汽车等各种工业领域。由于相对使用量比较少，橡胶制品厂自行混炼综合成本高，所以，很大一部分企业宁愿外购混炼胶进行制品生产，这就是国内氟橡胶混炼胶的市场基础。但近几年来，由于受到国内外各种因素的影响，氟橡胶混炼胶市场正面临严峻的考验。在具体的氟橡胶混炼胶的销售过程中，本人深切地感到，必须对氟橡胶混炼胶市场作认真分析，并在这一基础上探索出一条适宜的发展之路。下面谈一些自己的想法，希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。l市场概况1．1主要氟橡胶…     

混炼工艺对混炼胶性能稳定性的影响

采用数据统计和箱线图研究了不同混炼工艺对混炼胶常规物理性能、门尼粘度和流变性能稳定性的影响。结果表明,混炼工艺B能较好地控制炼胶过程,有效减小高温区域温度的波动;分别采用2种混炼工艺生产的混炼胶性能相差不大,但混炼工艺B生产的混炼胶性能波动较小,稳定性较好。     

热硫化硅橡胶进展

本文比较了热硫化硅橡胶生胶的各种工业生产路线，并指出我国在生胶质量、单耗、动力消耗及设备投资方面已处于世界先进地位，混炼胶的性能与生胶结构、填料性能、混炼工艺及混炼设备有密切关系。结合我国国情，本文指出了提高混炼胶性能的一般方法     

高性能氟橡胶密封垫片的研制

研究了不同填料和短纤维对氟橡胶性能的影响,尤其是产品耐高温高压的性能。结果表明：R300取代部分N990填充的氟橡胶试样,其拉伸强度和伸长率以及撕裂强度方面具有更好的平衡性能。以N990、R300和芳纶浆粕并用填充氟橡胶能够得到综合物理机械性能优异,耐高温高压冲击寿命长的产品。     

过氧化物硫化聚醚型聚氨酯混炼橡胶力学性能的研究

研究了过氧化物过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）、双叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯（BIPB）和补强剂（炭黑或白炭黑）对聚醚型聚氨酯混炼橡胶力学性能的影响,讨论了DCP和补强剂用量变化及不同硫化条件对混炼橡胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,DCP硫化混炼胶定伸应力高,永久变形小;BIPB硫化混炼胶硬度和强度高;当DCP用量在1．6份时,混炼胶拉伸强度和撕裂强度最高;提高补强剂用量,混炼胶硬度和定伸应力增加,拉伸强度变化不明显,但永久变形变大。     

Influence of fluorine interface to the crystallization of poly (vinylidene fluoride)/silicone rubber/fluororubber elastomeric tertiary blends via dynamical curing

ABSTRACT

We demonstrate the influence of fluorine interface to the crystallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/silicone rubber (SR)/fluororubber (FKM) tertiary dynamic curing blends. In contrast to PVDF/SR binary blend, the average size of PVDF spherulites turns smaller and the crystallization rate is lower in PVDF/SR/FKM tertiary blend when more fluororubber component was added into the blends at the same crystallization temperature. Incorporation of FKM does not change the crystalline form of PVDF in the blends. The resulting mechanical properties of tensile strength, flexural strength, Izod impact strength and elongation at break for PVDF/SR/FKM tertiary blends are enhanced compared with PVDF/SR binary blend.     

不同粒径的碳纳米管补强天然橡胶

以2种不同型号的短多壁碳纳米管（管径OD20-30nm和30-50nm,长度告为0.5-2μm）与炭黑N330混合成复合填料,采用混炼法讨论其对天然橡胶的补强作用。结果表明／碳纳米管对橡胶的拉伸强度、定伸应力、硬度等方面有着显著的影响;不同管径的碳纳米管由于其自身性能的差异,对天然橡胶的性能有不同的影响;碳纳米管的不同添加量对天然橡胶补强的各性能有非常大的影响。     

Application of rice husk ash as fillers in the natural rubber industry

Rice husk ash (RHA) obtained from agricultural waste, by using rice husk as a power source, is mainly composed of silica and carbon black. A two‐stage conventional mixing procedure was used to incorporate rice husk ash into natural rubber. For comparison purposes, two commercial reinforcing fillers, silica and carbon black, were also used. The effect of these fillers on cure characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber materials at various loadings, ranging from 0 to 40 phr, was investigated. The results indicated that RHA filler resulted in lower Mooney viscosity and shorter cure time of the natural rubber materials. The incorporation of RHA into natural rubber improved hardness but decreased tensile strength and tear strength. Other properties, such as Young's modulus and abrasion loss, show no significant change. However, RHA is characterized by a better resilience property than that of silica and carbon black. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the dispersion of RHA filler in the rubber matrix is discontinuous, which in turn generates a weak structure compared with that of carbon black and silica. Overall results indicate that RHA can be used as a cheaper filler for natural rubber materials where improved mechanical properties are not critical. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 34–41, 2005     

绢云母粉对RTV硅橡胶性能的影响

以羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷为基胶，绢云母粉为填料制成了RTV硅橡胶，研究了绢云母粉制造工艺，用量，粒径对RTV硅橡胶力学性能和工艺性能的影响。结果表明，一定粒径和适当添加量的湿法绢云母粉可以增强RTV硅橡胶的拉伸强度，断裂伸长率等力学性能，同时工艺性能也较好。当绢云母粉粒径在300目左右，用量为10份时，RTV硅橡胶的综合性能比较好。     

Determination of the modes of action of a cationic surfactant for property development in carbon black filled natural rubber compounds

Work to separate the contributions of fatty diamine surfactant (termed a multifunctional additive [MFA]) to property development, from mastication, elastomer–filler interface and crosslink density effects has been carried out. Improvement in mechanical properties resulting from the MFA is dominated by its effect on carbon black dispersion, compared with its effect on crosslink density. Results show that there is a slight improvement in resistance to crack initiation (tensile test) and a substantial improvement in resistance to crack growth (tear strength) as MFA level increases compared with the results for control compounds (extended mixing time compounds). This improvement is attributed to the influence of the MFA on energy dissipation at the rubber–carbon black interface.     

Unique behavior of in-situ generated nanosilica particles on physico-mechanical properties of fluoroelastomer

Fluoroelastomer (FKM) rubber containing different weight percentage of in-situ generated nanosilica particles have been prepared by sol-gel method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursor and n-butyl amine as catalyst. FKM rubber with precipitated silica particles have also been prepared to compare the effect of in-situ generated nanosilica particles and precipitated silica particles on the physico-mechanical properties of FKM rubber. It is interesting to note that the FKM rubber containing in-situ generated nanosilica particles display excellent tensile stress-strain properties, rheological properties and thermal properties in comparison to the FKM rubber containing precipitated silica particles. The better performance of the in-situ generated nanosilica particles has been attributed to the good dispersion of in-situ generated nanosilica particles in FKM rubber matrix when compared to the precipitated silica particles. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy clearly confirms the existence of chemical interaction between the FKM rubber chains and the in-situ generated nanosilica particles which leads to the good dispersion of the nanosilica particles in the rubber matrix. Strain sweep studies confirm the presence of more rubber-filler interaction in FKM rubber filled with in-situ generated nanosilica particles. On the other hand, strain sweep studies confirm the presence of more filler-filler aggregation in FKM rubber filled with precipitated silica particles. The dispersion of the in-situ generated nanosilica particles and precipitated silica particles in the surface and bulk of FKM rubber has been studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Selected samples have been cured to understand the effect of curing on the efficiency of in-situ generated nanosilica particles and precipitated silica particles on the physico-mechanical properties of FKM rubber.     

硅藻土在高硬度彩色氟橡胶中的应用

研究了硅藻土MW-25和FP-22在彩色氟橡胶中的补强效果,对高硬度氟橡胶的硫化特性、物理及力学性能、热老化性能和压缩永久变形性能进行了测试。结果表明:两种硅藻土在氟橡胶中有很好的补强作用,添加量为40份时,胶料硬度即可达到87~89度(邵尔A硬度),拉伸强度达15 MPa,同时胶料具有较好的耐热老化性能和压缩永久变形性能。     

纳米二氧化钛对MQ硅树脂增强硅橡胶性能的影响

以MQ硅树脂增强加成型硅橡胶为基体,采用机械共混方式,加入少量纳米二氧化钛进行改性,制备了纳米二氧化钛改性硅橡胶。试验结果表明,MQ硅树脂增强的硅橡胶中,加入少量纳米二氧化钛改性后,能够改善硅橡胶的力学性能,其硬度和断裂伸长变化不大,而拉伸强度和抗撕强度提高,硅橡胶的耐热性也提高。溶胀实验表明,添加纳米粒子后,硅橡胶的溶胀比降低,凝胶质量分数和交联密度增加。