The Synthesis and Eleetrorheologieal Properties of BaTiO3-coated PMMA Mierospheres

Coated-PMMA microspheres consisting of poly （methyl methacrylate）（PMMA） core and barium titanate （BaTiO3） shell were synthesized by the modified sol-gel processing and then adopted as an electrorheological （ER） materials. The structure and morphology of coated powders were chyfecterized by SEM and FT-IR; the shear stress of the suspensions of coated-PMMA particles and pure PMMA particles in silicone oil with a 20 vol% were investigated. The results show that the BaTiO3 coated PMMA microspheres based suspension in silicone oil exhibited typical ER behavior and stronger ER effects.     

Electrorheological Particles Composed of Polyaniline Core and BaTiO_3 Layer Shell

Composite particles consisting of polyaniline( PAn) core and barium tilanate ( BaTiO3) Layer shell were synthesized. The PAn-BaTiO3 composites particles were characterized with TEM and XRD. The dielectric behavior of particles was tested and the electrorhcologicak(ER) behavior of the suspensions of PAn/ BaTiO3 panicles in chlorinated paraffin oil with a 20vol % was investigated under DC electric field. The results show that the ER effect of composite particle is far stronger than that of pure polyaniline and barium titanate which mere synthesized by the stone method. pH and thickness of BuTiO3 have an important. influence on the ER effects.     

Electro-rheological Effect of Barium Titanate Particles Coated with Urea and Suspended in Methyl Silicone Oil

Barium titanate nano-powders were synthesized under defined conditions.The surface of these particles was successfully modified by coating with urea.The characteristics of these composite particles were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The electro-rheological (ER) effects of these particles suspended in methyl-silicone oil were measured.The particle, methyl-silicon oil ratio was 30%-35% weight percent.The experimental results indicate that these ER particles exhibit a remarkable ER effect.The ER fluid shows Bingham characteristics and the static shearing stress increases with an increase of the electric field strength.The highest static shearing stress under a 4 MV/m electric field is 13.2 kPa at room temperature, an increase of about 8.7 kPa compared to untreated BaTiO(C2O4)2 powders.     

分散介质的粘度对γ-Fe2O3聚丙烯酸锂复合微粒电流变效应的影响

采用反相乳液聚合的方法制备了γ-Fe2O3/聚丙烯酸锂复合微粒,将其分别悬浮分散于不同粘度的硅油、甲苯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、溴苯中形成电流变体,以考察分散介质的粘度对电流变效应的影响．研究结果表明,对于介电常数相同或相近的分散介质,粘度的影响不容忽视,如其粘度过低（甲苯和溴苯的情况)将不利于微粒的稳定分散和使用,从而导致电流变效应变差;在某一适中的粘度范围内,粘度对电流变效应的影响很小（粘度50~500 cS硅油的情况);介质的粘度越小,电流变体的电流密度越大．     

包覆MgO对BaTiO3基陶瓷性能的影响

采用均匀沉淀法将MgO均匀地包覆在BaTiO3基陶瓷粉体表面,制备包覆MgO的BaTiO3基陶瓷复合粒子,研究了不同包覆量对BaTiO3基陶瓷的微观结构、微观形貌、介电性能、绝缘性能和击穿电压的影响。实验表明：包覆剂MgO能有效抑制晶粒长大,从而获得晶粒均匀的陶瓷,此细晶效应是由于晶界区MgO的抑制作用;MgO有助于形成“壳-芯”结构晶粒,降低并展宽BaTiO3基陶瓷的ε峰,增加电阻率和击穿电压强度。     

Effect of carrier liquid on electrorheological performance and stability of oxalate group-modified TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> suspensions

By using oxalate group-modified TiO₂ nanoparticles as the dispersing phase, different kinds of silicone oil with various viscosities and terminal groups (hydroxyl, hydrogen, and methyl) were used as the dispersing media to prepare different electrorheological (ER) fluids. Their zero-field viscosity, yield stress under direct current electric fields, ER efficiency, shear stability, leakage current density, and sedimentation stability were tested to study the effect of carrier liquid on the properties of ER fluids. The results indicate that the zero-field viscosity, the yield stress, and the leakage current density increase with increasing viscosity of the silicone oils. The effects of the viscosity on the ER efficiency, the shear stability, and the sedimentation ratio depend on the competition between the viscous resistance and the aggregation of the particles. Among the three ER fluids prepared with silicone oil with different terminal groups, hydroxyl-terminated oil based sample has the highest zero-field viscosity, the highest field-induced yield stress and ER efficiency, the largest current density, and the best sedimentation stability.     

Effect of Carrier Liquid on Electrorheological Performance and Stability of Oxalate Group-modified TiO_2 Suspensions

By using oxalate group-modified TiO_2 nanoparticles as the dispersing phase, different kinds of silicone oil with various viscosities and terminal groups(hydroxyl, hydrogen, and methyl) were used as the dispersing media to prepare different electrorheological(ER) fluids. Their zero-field viscosity, yield stress under direct current electric fields, ER efficiency, shear stability, leakage current density, and sedimentation stability were tested to study the effect of carrier liquid on the properties of ER fluids. The results indicate that the zerofield viscosity, the yield stress, and the leakage current density increase with increasing viscosity of the silicone oils. The effects of the viscosity on the ER efficiency, the shear stability, and the sedimentation ratio depend on the competition between the viscous resistance and the aggregation of the particles. Among the three ER fluids prepared with silicone oil with different terminal groups, hydroxyl-terminated oil based sample has the highest zero-field viscosity, the highest field-induced yield stress and ER efficiency, the largest current density, and the best sedimentation stability.     

Electro-rheological properties of montmorillonite particles coated with titania in methyl silicone oil

Montmorillonite particles coated with titania were synthesized by means of a sol-gel method to use with elec-tro-theological material. The characteristics of these composite particles were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron mi-croscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electro-rheological (ER) effects were measured after these particles were mixed with methyl-silicon oil by 20% and 30% (weight percent). The experimental results show that these montmorillonite/titania particles exhibit a marked ER effect compared with pure montmorillonite particles under a DC electric field.The highest static yield stress is up to 4.28 kPa, which is an increase of about 3.13 kPa over that of untreated montmorillonite pow-der under the electrical field strength of 3.2 kV/mm at room temperature.     

SrTiO3/PMMA复合型ER材料的制备及性能研究

以NDZ-311为偶联剂,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为表面活性剂和乳化剂,采用原位聚合的方法制备了SrTiO3／PMMA核壳结构复合型电流变材料,用FT-IR,SEM等手段对材料进行表征．利用改装后的旋转粘度计分别对未掺杂蒙脱土和掺杂一定量蒙脱土的SrTiO3／PMMA微囊复合颗粒电流变液的电流变性能进行研究,并利用高压电桥测量其介电性能．结果表明：PMMA已经包覆在SrTiO3表面;未掺杂蒙脱土的SrTiO3／PMMA电流变液其剪切应力随电场增大上升幅度较小,而掺杂适量蒙脱土的SrTiO3／PMMA电流变液其剪切应力上升幅度很大,增量约是前者的14倍．     

Electrorheological Properties of Suspensions of PAn-PEO-PAn Triblock Copolymer Particles

The PAn-PEO-PAn triblock copolymer with the PEG chain length of 400 was synthesized by chemical oxidation copolymerization of aniline and α,ω-bis（p-aminophenyl）poly（ethylene glycol）and characterized by FT-IR and TEM.The experimental results show that the copolymer particles are of μtypical core-shell structure after the self-assembly process in water.Its conductivity is much lower than that of the pure PAn.The suspension containing 20 vol% PAn-PEO-PAn tiblock copolymer in silicone oil exhibits.a typical electrorheological （ER） effect in DC electric field.while it shows a lower leakage current density than that of the pure PAn-based ER fluids.Therefore,the PEO shell hinders the electric hop among PANI chains and decreases the current density of ER fluids in an external electric field.at the same time the interface polarity improves the ER effects.     

Dielectric Behavior of BaTiO_3/ PVDF Nanocomposites In-situ Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Method

1　IntroductionFerroelectricceramic polymercompositesconsistingofferroelectricceramicpowderembeddedinapolymermatrixhaveattractedmuchattentionsincetheycombinetheexcellentferroelectricpropertiesoftheceramicsandtheflexiblemechanicalpropertiesofthepolymer[1] …     

Electrorheological Particles Composed of Polyaniline Core and BaTiO3 Layer Shell

Composite particles consisting of polyaniline(Pan )core and barium titanate(BaTiO3) layer shell were synthesized. The PAn-BaTiO3 composites particles were characterized with TEM and XRD. The dielectric behavior of particles was tested and the electrorheological (ER) behavior of the suspensions of PAn/BaTiO3 parti-cles in chlorinated paraffin oil with a 20vol% was investigated under DC electric field.The results show that the ER effect of composite particle is far stronger than that of pure polyaniline and barium titanate which were synthe-sized by the same methed. PH and thickness of BaTiO3 have an important influence on the ER effects.     

TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF THE SYNTHESIS OF BaTiO_3 POWDERS BY TI(O~nBu)_4-Ba(OAc)_3HYDROLYSIS

The paper stresses to study the process andparameters of preparation in the synthisis of high pure and ul-trafine BaTiO_3 powders by Ti(O~nBu)_4—Ba(OAc)_2 hydrolysis.Characters of BaTiO_3 powdrs synthesised in differential condi-tions are tested and analysed by mean of TG-DAT,XRD,TEM,SAXS and ICP-AES.Their laws are discovered.TheBaTiO_3 powders with Purity of 99.80wt% and surface area of68m~2/g,primary particles of awerage diameter of 46.7nm,sec-ondary particles(laggregates)of diameter ranging between 20～30nm are prepared by the method.     

Fabrication of Ni-, Co- and NiCo-coated graphite microspheres by heterogeneous precipitation

The precursors with NiCO₃·2Ni(OH)₂·2H₂O, Co₂(OH)₂CO₃, or both NiCO₃·2Ni(OH)₂·2H₂O and Co₂(OH)₂CO₃ coated graphite microspheres were prepared respectively by the aqueous heterogeneous precipitation using nickel sulfate, cobalt nitrate, sodium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and graphite microspheres as the main starting materials. Subsequently, Ni-, Co- and NiCo-coated graphite microspheres were successfully obtained by thermal reduction of the as-prepared precursors at 500 °C for 2 h, respectively. These metal-coated graphite microspheres were characterized with a smooth, cohesive surface consisting of fine metallic particles. Optimized precipitation processing parameters of the concentration of graphite microspheres (10 g/L), the rate of adding reactants (3 mL/min) and pH value (8.0) were determined by a trial and error method. The thermal analysis of the precursors was investigated by TG. Powders of the precursors and the resultant metal-(Ni, Co and NiCo alloy) coated graphite microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Funded by the Post-graduate Innovation foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No. CX07B_085z)     

HYBRID AND CHARACTERISTIC OF POLYANILINE- BARIUM TITANATE NANOCOMPOSITE PARTICLES

Polyaniline-barium titanate (PAn-Ba-TiO_3) ultrafine composite particles were prepared by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with H_2O_2 while barium titanate nanoparticles were synthesized with a sol-gel method. The infrared spectrogram shows that the polymerization of PAn in the hybrid process of PAn-BaTiO_3 is similar with the polymeric process of pure aniline, and there is interaction of PAn and BaTiO_3 in the PAn-Ba-TiO_3. SEM and TEM results show that the average diameter of the composite particles is 1.50/~m and the diameters of BaTiO_3 nanoparticles are 5—15 nm in the composite particle. The electrical conductivity of the ultrafine composite particles is transformable from 10~0 to 10~(11)S/cm by equilibrium doping or dedoping method using various concentration of HCl or NaOH solutions.     

Na_(0.5)K_(0.5)NbO_3织构化陶瓷制备与表征

采用凝固法制备出各向异性的片状钛酸钡作为模板,利用模板晶粒生长(TGG)法制备出Na0.5K0.5NbO3(NKN)织构化陶瓷.研究了NKN织构化陶瓷的工艺、组织和性能.研究结果表明,钛酸钡可以作为NKN陶瓷的模板,在陶瓷烧结过程中诱导NKN晶粒的生长,模板的取向决定了NKN陶瓷晶粒取向,随着烧结温度的升高陶瓷的压电性能(d33)达到69 pC/N,在合理的烧结工艺下得到了取向比较明显的织构化陶瓷.     

粒子表面活性剂用量对电流变效应的影响

通过改变掺杂在粒子表面表面活性剂的数量研究粒子表面特性对液体电流变效应的影响 .用溶胶凝胶法制得无水复合钛酸锶粒子 ,粒子表面掺杂不同质量分数的表面活性剂材料 ,把这些粒子均匀分散在硅油中形成悬浮液 .测试结果表明 ,粒子的表面特性对液体的电流变效应影响巨大 ,表面极性和界面极化与分散粒子的表面状态有密切关系 .     

正丁醇钛－乙酸钡水解法合成BaTiO_3粉体的工艺研究

本文着重研究了Ｔｉ（ＯｎＢｕ）４－Ｂａ（ＯＡｃ）２水解法合成高纯超细ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体的制备工艺和工艺参数。对不同工艺条件下制得的ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体进行了ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ、ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＳＡＸＳ和ＩＣＤ－ＡＥＳ的测试和分析，找出了其中的规律。采用本工艺方法合成的ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体，纯度达到９９．８０ｗｔ％，比表面积为６８ｍ２／ｇ，一次粒子平均粒径为４６．７ｕｍ，二次粒子粗径分布在２０～３００ｕｍ之间。     

水泥砂浆外涂有机硅烷防护效果研究

为了研究外涂有机硅水泥砂浆材料的防护效果,用有机硅涂料对水泥砂浆进行表面涂层处理,并与未涂层水泥砂浆和涂丙烯酸的水泥砂浆相比较,系统研究了改性有机硅涂层对防水抗渗性能、抗碳化性能、抗氯离子渗透等性能的影响。试验结果表明：有机硅外涂水泥砂浆呈现出较好地疏水效果,使用有机硅外涂水泥砂浆的防水抗渗性能大大改善了;与空白组、丙烯酸组相比,涂有有机硅涂层的砂浆的氯离子扩散系数显著降低,约为空白组的1／4,约为丙烯酸组的1／3;随着养护时间的增加,涂有有机硅涂层的试块的碳化程度明显低于空白组和丙烯酸组,而且碳化深度增长速度明显变慢;空白样水泥砂浆密实性较差,表面粗糙多孔,试块结构疏松,而加了硅烷的试块涂料与水泥浆表面粘结紧密,界面区并不明显。为烷氧基有机硅烷作为水泥砂浆防护材料实际工程应用奠定一定的基础。     

喷雾热解法制备BaTiO3微粉的转化率问题探究

通过ＢａＣｌ、ＴｉＣｌ４水溶液的喷雾热分解反应连续性制备了球形颗粒为主的微米级钛酸钡粉末。对产物进行的Ｘ－荧光光谱、ＸＲＤ、ＤＴＡ分析结果显示，产物中除主体成份ＢａＴｉＯ３外仍含有少量未反应完全的金属氯化物。