朱冰清:与茶结缘今生必然

江南水乡,太湖之畔,风景秀美,环境宜人.村村都有小河穿过,舟楫往来,头戴斗笠的船夫有节奏地摇着橹,轻击水面的声音,伴着时而浙浙沥沥的小雨滴洒在水面上,鸣奏着水乡动人的乐曲.放眼望去,雾蒙蒙,雨蒙蒙,不远处谁家老宅,飘出缕缕炊烟,翠绿竹林中,鸟语传情,霭霭云烟,依依墟村,好一幅醉人的水墨画卷!     

饮者品级

饮酒,不宜在烦恼时,烦恼时易醉。林冲雪夜上梁山,几杯浊酒,就醉倒在雪地里,大雪飘飘,盖了一身,险些冻死。饮酒,不宜在乡愁来袭时。一个人,走向远方,走在异地,把所有的思念,包括故乡的习俗,故乡的声音,还有故乡人的相貌样子,都压在心的深层,不去想它。可是,三杯两盏,怎抵得乡愁偷袭。这时,故乡的山歌,故乡的人     

怪味春笋

原料：春笋,莴笋,青花椒,辣椒段,高汤,麻酱,韭菜花,酱豆腐,蚝油,竦鲜露,花椒油,水发冬菇,料油,盐。     

把餐桌移到郊外

春末夏初,阳光明媚,风和日丽,鲜花争妍,懒在家里实在是辜负了这大好时光。不妨邀约三五好友,把酒言欢,或举家出行,共享天伦,把餐桌移到郊野海滨,乡村麦田,林间     

美国天后主持 奥普拉·温弗瑞

奥普拉·温弗瑞的生平简直就是一部美国版的励志电影,单亲家庭,复杂性关系,少女母亲,到黑人防火小姐,新闻主持艾美奖获得者,具有世界上最庞大与广泛的听众群,抵达世界最知名的天后主持,拥有个人资产超过十亿美元。她的这部电影跌宕起伏,充满了恶作剧似的戏剧性。刚开始调子悲凉,慢慢地,渐入佳境,色彩明亮,曲调也欢快。仿佛有一双巨大的命运之手,先磨砺她,尔后塑造她,将她推向成功的制高点。     

大厨教做家常菜(七)

洋参八宝鸽子(图1)主料:乳鸽,西洋参。配料:江米,莲子,桃仁,白芝麻,花生米,杏仁,小枣,桂圆,葱,姜。调料:盐,糖,酱油,料酒,油,淀粉,味精,鸡精。制作:乳鸽用葱、姜、盐、酱油、料酒腌制4小时;取出将江米、莲子、桃仁、白芝麻、花生米、杏仁、小枣、桂圆八宝料酿人乳鸽肚内。锅内放油,油热后放入乳鸽炸成金黄色。将炸好的八宝乳鸽上笼屉蒸约半小时,放入西洋参,熟后,打明芡即可。特点:咸鲜适口,造型美观。     

走进江南水乡龙城的特色店堂——记常州金色南都国际大酒店和豪廷皇悦大饭店

金色南都国际大酒店坐落于风光美丽的常州南翼,面向武进去区政府行政中心大楼、武进市民广场,旁依春秋古遗址淹城,周围风景秀丽,地理环境优越,是城区首家四星级酒店,构思新颖,建筑华丽,装潢气派,用材讲究,设施完善,内部采用国际知名的汉斯格雅,杜拉维特洁具,墙地面全部采用顶级天然大理石,家具采用优质进口木材,突出房间回归自然的浑然天成气质。     

斐生酒家南北风情

韩式泡汁目鱼仔 原料:目鱼仔200克,韩国泡菜50克,泡海椒10克,青瓜丝50克,芹菜50克. 调料:韩国辣酱,韩国泡菜汁,韩国辣椒粉,蒜泥,白醋,盐,味精.     

菜肴有新意

芙蓉鸡海参原料:水发海参750g,生鸡脯肉150g,蛋黄糕1块,净白鱼肉150g,熟鸡皮100g,青菜心适量,熟猪油75g,姜1块,精盐7g,虾籽0.5g,味精1.5g,绍酒25g,清鸡汤750g,鸡蛋清3只,胡椒粉0.5g,葱结1个,葱姜汁适量。制法:1.鸡脯肉、白鱼肉分别斩成茸,再分别与鸡蛋清、葱姜汁、绍     

田菁蛋白在食品中的应用

田菁是野生豆科植物,又名野绿豆,涝豆,柴子等,是一种一年生豆科高产绿肥作物,耐盐碱,分布于两广,福建,台湾,江浙及山东诸省。田菁种子经机械加工所得的粉,含有丰富的营养物质,蛋白质35~39%,淀粉5~10%,脂肪2~2.5 %,碳水化合物14-18%,     

黑木耳瘦肉红枣粥的研制

开发一款具有滋肾养肺、增加免疫力、补血黑发、降糖降脂、益气强身等功效的黑木耳瘦肉红枣粥。探究了黑木耳瘦肉红枣粥的最佳优配方及其工艺参数,利用单因素试验得到的最佳配比为:黑木耳90g、新鲜瘦猪肉300g、红枣70g、大米200g。按照这一配方,制作出的黑木耳瘦肉红枣粥口感香甜,质地细嫩,清脆爽滑,品质营养最佳。     

浓香型产区烟叶主要化学成分与风格品质特色及其关系研究

收集主要浓香型产区烟叶,测定其化学成分并对其风格品质特征进行评定,研究了产区间烟叶的差异及烟叶化学成分与风格品质特色的关系。结果表明,烟碱、总糖、糖碱比对烟叶感官品质特征的影响较大。劲头的强弱与还原糖和总糖的含量呈极显著的负相关关系,而与烟碱和总氮的含量呈极显著的正相关关系。烟叶的甜感、香气质、香气量、余味均与还原糖、总糖呈正相关关系,而与烟碱和总氮呈负相关关系,随着钾含量的增加,烟气的细腻度、余味评分有增大趋势,刺激性也会变小。烟气的刺激性随氯含量的增加有变大的趋势。烟气的香气质、细腻度、余味均与糖碱比呈极显著的正相关关系,而刺激性与其呈负相关关系。     

制约我国乳业实现跨越式发展的主要问题

通过比较我国乳业与发达国家乳业存在的差距和不足，讨论了加入WTO后，要实现我国乳品企业的跨越式发展应具备的条件。提出我国孔业在奶质量、奶源基地的建设、奶牛单产、原料乳成本、乳品结构等方面与国外相比存在很大的差距；并讨论了我国乳业管理体制、建立奶牛风险基金、高新技术在乳品工业的应用、技术创新体系建设和设备制造技术等问题，得出我国乳业要在管理方面、企业经营规模和效益方面、乳业的管理体制和政策方面、乳品加工技术的创新及体系方面需加强和提高，从而实现我国乳业的跨越式发展。     

关于内正则Duo序半群

给出内正则duo序半群的刻划,证明一个序半群S是内正则duo的当且仅当它是单且左单且右单的半群半格．特别地,S是单且左单且右单的序半群链当且仅当S是内正则duo的且S的所有理想关于集合的包含关系构成链．     

Addressing the challenges of climate change and biofuel production for food and nutrition security

More than one billion people are suffering hunger and malnutrition in 2009. Food security has deteriorated since 1995 and reductions in child malnutrition are proceeding too slowly to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target of halving hunger by 2015. Three major challenges threaten current and future efforts to overcome food insecurity and malnutrition: climate and global environmental change and the consequent loss of ecosystems’ services, the growing use of food crops as a source of fuel and the food and financial crises. This paper reviews and analyses the current and projected effects of climate change and bioenergy on nutrition and proposes policy recommendations to address these challenges. The first section of the review lays out the public health and socio-economic consequences of malnutrition and explores causes and costs. The paper then analyses the implications of climate and global environmental change and biofuel production for food security and nutrition, addressing strategies for adaptation and mitigation. This analysis includes a number of important socio-economic factors, besides climate change and biofuel production, that are currently impacting food and nutrition security, and that will likely contribute to future effects. The paper concludes with a series of policy proposals and recommendations to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate and global environmental change placing human rights in the centre of decision making. These proposals include a number of options for improving sustainability and food and nutrition security while addressing the links between climate change and bioenergy demand.     

油脂营养成分及其对肠道健康影响的研究进展北大核心CSCD

油脂是人体最主要的营养物质之一,其消化吸收主要发生在肠道,而肠道内存在种类繁多的菌群,可以直接参与人体的消化吸收、脂质代谢、能量供应等。油脂的消化吸收可能与多种代谢紊乱和肠道疾病、糖尿病、肥胖等慢性疾病存在联系,而食用油脂摄入不平衡会影响肠道菌群组成和代谢,破坏肠道稳态,进而可能导致上述疾病的发生。综述了油脂的脂肪酸组成、功能性伴随成分及其对人体健康的影响,分析了近年来油脂对肠道菌群组成及其代谢产物影响的研究,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望,这对进一步开展油脂营养特性及其对肠道健康影响的研究以及合理膳食保障人体健康具有积极意义。     

Levels of some trace elements in hospital diets

Composite diets served to patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan were collected and analysed for their concentration of zinc, copper, iron, manganese and cadmium. Data collected indicate that the concentration of zinc for breakfast foods was highest in bread and fried egg and lowest in bread alone. Copper was highest in yam and corned beef stew but not detected in any of the bread-containing breakfast foods. Iron and manganese were highest in hot pap and moinmoin and lowest in yam, stew and meat.For lunch and dinner diets, the concentration of zinc was highest in dodo, stew and meat and lowest in dodo alone; copper was highest in eba, melon soup and meat and was non-detectable in jollof rice and meat, pounded yam, melon soup and meat. Iron was highest in amala, melon soup and meat and lowest in dodo alone. Manganese was highest in agidi, vegetable soup and fish and was non-detectable in pounded yam, okro soup and fish. The levels found appear sufficient to meet daily dietary requirements.     

肉及肉制品质量属性评价方法及其面临问题

研究者和生产者一直试图通过育种、饲料组分功效量化、饲养方案优化、加工工艺调整和贮藏条件改善等来提升肉及肉制品的产量和品质,而肉及肉制品的质量属性检测分析是衡量肉及肉制品营养价值、安全性、生产能力和市场接受性的重要途经,也是研究者和生产者开展生产和产品市场定位等的重要依据之一。目前肉及肉制品质量属性的检测方法,主要包括通过凯氏定氮法测定蛋白质含量、采用色谱法测定胆固醇含量、色谱法对脂肪酸组分的测定分析和色谱法测定氨基酸组分等对常规营养属性的分析、采用味觉识别系统、质谱分析技术、颜色分析系统对味觉、风味和颜色等感官品质进行的分析等。肉及肉制品质量属性评价方法的完善和改进不仅能够促进肉制品加工产业的发展,还能够更好的促进消费,鉴于此,本文对肉及肉制品质量属性评价方法及其创新进展进行了概述,对肉及肉制品质量安全属性评价方法目前面临的挑战进行了分析,以期为肉制品产业发展和科研提供参考。     

我国常见家畜胴体分割及分级技术发展

牛、猪、羊为我国主要家畜品种。改革开放以来,我国牛、猪、羊胴体分割、分级技术水平有了一定的提升,关于家畜胴体分割、分级技术的发展过程及其标准的研究不断完善。本文概述了我国牛、猪、羊胴体分割、分级技术相关标准规定,阐述了常见家畜胴体分割、分级技术的发展历程,并对胴体分割、分级技术存在的问题提出意见,旨在为我国家畜屠宰企业进行牛肉、猪肉和羊肉分割、分级提供参考,促进肉质提高及分割肉的增值,推动我国畜肉产业健康、持续、稳定、快速发展。     

Multiple-antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium from cecal contents in broiler chicken and turkey flocks slaughtered in Canada and plasmid colocalization of tetO and ermB genes

This study was conducted to characterize the antimicrobial resistance determinants and investigate plasmid colocalization of tetracycline and macrolide genes in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium from broiler chicken and turkey flocks in Canada. A total of 387 E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates were recovered from poultry cecal contents from five processing plants. The percentages of resistant E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates, respectively, were 88.1 and 94% to bacitracin, 0 and 0.9% to chloramphenicol, 0.7 and 14.5% to ciprofloxacin, 72.6 and 80.3% to erythromycin, 3.7 and 41% to flavomycin, 9.6 and 4.3% (high-level resistance) to gentamicin, 25.2 and 17.1% (high-level resistance) to kanamycin, 100 and 94% to lincomycin, 0 and 0% to linezolid, 2.6 and 20.5% to nitrofurantoin, 3 and 27.4% to penicillin, 98.5 and 89.7% to quinupristin-dalfopristin, 7 and 12.8% to salinomycin, 46.7 and 38.5% (high-level resistance) to streptomycin, 95.6 and 89.7% to tetracycline, 73 and 75.2% to tylosin, and 0 and 0% to vancomycin. One predominant multidrug-resistant phenotypic pattern was identified in both E. faecalis and E. faecium (bacitracin, erythromycin, lincomycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, tetracycline, and tylosin). These isolates were further examined by PCR and sequencing for the genes encoding their antimicrobial resistance. Various combinations of vatD, vatE, bcrR, bcrA, bcrB, bcrD, ermB, msrC, linB, tetM, and tetO genes were detected, and ermB, tetM, and bcrB were the most common antimicrobial resistance genes identified. For the first time, plasmid extraction and hybridization revealed colocalization of tetO and ermB genes on a ca. 11-kb plasmid in E. faecalis isolates, and filter mating experiments demonstrated its transferability. Results indicate that the intestinal enterococci of healthy poultry, which can contaminate poultry meat at slaughter, could be a reservoir for quinupristin-dalfopristin, bacitracin, tetracycline, and macrolide resistance genes.