共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 600 毫秒
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定制化柔性下颌骨钛替代物的有限元优化分析及动物试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将骨的应激响应理论应用于定制化柔性下颌骨钛替代物的结构设计研究,旨在向骨替代物内填充骨提供有益于骨改建的应力刺激,促进植骨与受骨的融合、改建。分别建立孔形和回形槽形骨替代物的有限元模型,分析模型的生物力学特性,探讨比较两者的促进植骨改建能力。开展动物试验,运用核医学方法放射性核素骨显像(Single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT)验证其促成骨作用的有限元分析结果。有限元分析结果与核医学检测结果相吻合,回形槽形定制化柔性下颌骨钛替代物内植骨代谢活跃,成骨质量高。参考骨应力重建理论设计的定制化柔性下颌骨钛替代物具有明显的促成骨作用。 相似文献
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将逆向工程与3D打印技术相结合,研究了用于治疗肱骨头缺损的定制化骨水泥替代物模具的设计与制备方法。对一位肱骨头缺损的患者通过CT扫描获得患侧与健侧的肱骨数据,在医学图像处理软件中重构出两侧肱骨的三维模型,并根据人体的对称性、相似性的特点,将患者健侧肱骨头的三维数据以矢状面为对称平面进行镜像处理,替代患侧缺损肱骨头的三维模型。在逆向工程软件中利用镜像替代后的三维模型,通过布尔运算求差的方式设计出内部型腔为肱骨头形状的定制化模具,并选择合适的剖分面将模具分为三个部分。在手术中利用3D打印的模具成功制备了混有抗生素的骨水泥替代物,术后6个月的随访结果表明骨水泥植入物位置良好、患者的肩功能已有明显改善。 相似文献
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《计算机集成制造系统》2016,(11)
为了充分利用智能制造系统的设计与执行之间潜在的闭环反馈作用机制,以获得良好的设计效果与执行效益,提出一种静态设计与动态运行迭代优化的制造系统快速定制设计方法。利用近物理仿真、软可编程控制器等技术,搭建设计方案可视化、执行过程可控化的虚拟设计与执行平台,建立静态设计变量优化与动态运行调度之间的耦合模型,提出融合制造工艺的设计与执行迭代优化方法。该定制设计方法成功应用于中空玻璃配对仓的定制化设计,建立了包括储位分配、小车与底车调度、反死锁约束等在内的耦合问题模型,通过迭代优化配对仓设计参数以及执行算法引擎,实现了系统整体性能的优化。 相似文献
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《现代仪器》2017,(5)
目的:探讨个性化钛修复体在下颌骨缺损修复中的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2011年10月至2016年12月23例下颌骨缺损患者的临床资料。通过CT扫描获取下颌骨缺损区数据,利用3D打印技术制作与对侧下颌骨形态一致的个性化钛修复体。在手术切除肿瘤的同期植入下颌骨进行缺损重建,观察术后下颌骨的形态和功能。结果:23例患者成功切除肿瘤,同期植入个性化钛修复体完成下颌骨重建,术后患者面部外形基本对称,下颌骨缺损区的重建形态及固定较好,并可以正常进食及咀嚼。结论:个性化钛修复体重建下颌骨缺损实现美观、功能重建效果确切,患者满意。手术操作简便、较传统手术缩短术中时间,是一种简便、可行的下颌骨修复重建方法,通过制作时预留植骨空间、设计截骨导板,进行精准截骨、降低制作成本可进一步提升应用空间。 相似文献
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下颌骨肿瘤切除术后或下颌骨外伤后,均可造成下颌骨的缺损,从而导致语言和咀嚼功能障碍。游离腓骨瓣修复下颌骨的手术是目前最主流、最先进的下颌骨缺损修复方法,能最大限度恢复下颌骨的外形和功能,同时该手术比较复杂。为提高游离腓骨瓣和下颌骨缺损的匹配程度,采用定制化修复钛板设计和制造方法。通过采集分析病人CT数据,利用可视化和CAD技术设计出符合病人生理结构的修复体模型。利用快速原型技术制造出树脂模型用于手术指导,通过临床研究,该方法可节省手术时间,提高手术成功率。一例利用传统手术方法进行下颌骨缺损修复手术失败的病人,利用快速成型技术辅助成功的进行了二次手术。
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双动人工半膝关节假体的设计及应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
建立一种双动人工半膝关节假体的设计方法,用于年轻病人因恶性骨肿瘤造成的股骨远端大段骨缺损的保肢手术治疗。借助于有限元分析与快速成形技术,研究并快速而有效地解决假体结构设计优化、生物力学分析、稳定性评估等技术难点,形成一种以定制化仿生大范围股骨髁部、滑动轴套系统、韧带附丽孔道为特点的附丽型定制化双动半膝关节假体。临床应用证明置换术后假体与周围组织匹配性良好,患者在完成深屈曲运动时可观察到假体的双滑动过程。该假体的研究为单侧膝关节损伤患者,特别是青少年患者术后骨生长的生物学重建及后期关节功能的良好恢复提供了有效的治疗方法。该研究也从功能化设计、性能分析与临床功能评估等方面为人工关节的研制与发展提出新的思路与方法。 相似文献
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He J Li D Lu B Wang Z Tao Z 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2006,220(8):823-830
A custom fabrication approach combining computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided engineering (CAE), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) techniques for constructing a novel composite tibial hemi-knee joint is presented. Anatomical modelling was used to provide the computer model with specific geometry for individuals and the finite element method (FEM) was adopted to understand the loading distribution on each component of the composite substitute. Rapid prototyping (RP) was employed to build the negative patterns, based on which the titanium alloy tibial tray and the porous artificial bone were custom fabricated through quick casting and powder sintering techniques. The results show that the titanium alloy component bears most of the loading while the artificial bone shares little, which could prevent it from fracturing in vivo. The final porous artificial bone has controllable microchannels (600 microm) and random micropores (100-200 microm), which ensures full interconnectivity and is expected to address the biological consideration. Clinical application demonstrates that the composite tibial hemi-knee joint has enough mechanical strength and can fit with the upper hemi-knee joint. This novel approach provides a new way to repair large bone defects in the loading sites. 相似文献
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Heal JS Gozzard C Gheduzzi S Grimm B Learmonth ID Miles AW 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2007,221(4):377-384
Comprehension of the biomechanical behaviour of orthopaedic implants is essential. This paper describes the development of an in vitro model to investigate the behaviour of femoral implants in the revision setting. The development of a femoral model and a bone graft substitute is described. The properties of human, bovine, ovine morselized bone graft, and a graft substitute were compared. On measuring hoop strain after impaction bone grafting there was no significant difference between the ovine bone graft and graft substitute with the size 1 Exeter stem. The results suggest that this bone graft substitute is a viable alternative for in vitro testing. The authors recommend the use of the graft substitute and the femoral model to predict femoral stem biomechanics. 相似文献
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自动化立体仓库堆垛机控制系统的设计 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了SIMATIC S7~300PLC在自动化立体仓库堆垛机控制系统中的应用,阐述了该控制系统硬件结构配置、检测定位与速度控制技术。实际应用表明该系统可靠、稳定、高效。 相似文献
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结合反求技术、快速成形和快速模具技术,提出了一种新型钛合金/多孔陶瓷复合半膝关节系统的定制化制造方法。基于医学影像技术和反求技术进行半膝关节假体的个性化设计,通过快速成形技术制造人工关节的树脂原型,运用离心铸造和粉末烧结技术成形钛合金关节假体和多孔生物陶瓷活性人工骨。结果显示,半膝关节的重构误差小于0·25mm,能满足医学对假体精度的要求(0·5mm)。将钛合金/多孔陶瓷复合人工关节假体植入动物(狗)体内,与周围组织匹配良好,既具有足够的机械强度,又保证了假体的生物活性。因此,该复合型人工关节假体可用于修复体内大段骨缺损,通过机械重建和生物重建相结合,达到受损关节的功能重建,具有广泛的医学应用前景。 相似文献
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The positioning operation of the axes of numerically controlled (NC) machine tools is essential before initiating their machining operation. Residual vibration following the positioning operations of the axes deteriorates the cycle time and quality of the machined parts. This study aims to develop a novel acceleration and deceleration design method to suppress the residual vibration during the high-speed positioning of NC machine tools. The proposed method suppresses the vibration by appropriately designing the jerk-limited acceleration profile during acceleration and deceleration. To design the jerk profile, the amplitude map that can represent the relationships between the acceleration parameters and the estimated vibration amplitude is developed. The proposed method suppresses the vibration amplitude without changing the total positioning time. To evaluate the effectiveness of this method, the residual vibration following the high-speed positioning motions was measured and simulated. The results confirm that the proposed method can effectively suppress the residual vibration. 相似文献
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汽车转向器扭杆压入工作装置的开发和利用,能够减少工人在操作过程中的劳动强度,从而提高汽车在转向器总成装配中的生产效率。本文从转向器扭杆压入工作装置机械结构的设计入手,详细介绍了压装装置、定位装置、升降装置的设计。该设计能够完成规定的动作要求,可以推广使用。 相似文献
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Ying-Yu Cao Long Xue Bo-Jin Qi Li-Pei Jiang Shuang-Cheng Deng Ping Liang Jia Liu 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2017,30(6):1416-1425
The existing interventional therapy robots for the microwave ablation of liver tumors have a poor clinical applicability with a large volume, low positioning speed and complex automatic navigation control. To solve above problems, a composite configuration interventional therapy robot with passive and active joints is developed. The design of composite configuration reduces the size of the robot under the premise of a wide range of movement, and the robot with composite configuration can realizes rapid positioning with operation safety. The cumulative error of positioning is eliminated and the control complexity is reduced by decoupling active parts. The navigation algorithms for the robot are proposed based on solution of the inverse kinematics and geometric analysis. A simulation clinical test method is designed for the robot, and the functions of the robot and the navigation algorithms are verified by the test method. The mean error of navigation is 1.488 mm and the maximum error is 2.056 mm, and the positioning time for the ablation needle is in 10 s. The experimental results show that the designed robot can meet the clinical requirements for the microwave ablation of liver tumors. The composite configuration is proposed in development of the interventional therapy robot for the microwave ablation of liver tumors, which provides a new idea for the structural design of medical robots. 相似文献