超临界CO2萃取姜黄油的工艺研究

本运用均匀试验设计研究了超临界CO2流体萃取姜黄油的工艺条件，试验结果表明：最佳的萃取工艺条件为萃取压力36MPa，萃取温度50℃，CO2流量15kg／h，萃取时间3h。     

超临界CO2萃取紫苏叶挥发油的工艺优化

目的：采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术萃取紫苏叶挥发油,优化萃取工艺。方法：以紫苏叶挥发油得率为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验考察萃取温度、萃取压力、CO2流量、萃取时间4个因素对紫苏叶挥发油的超临界CO2流体萃取的影响。结果：萃取压力20MPa、萃取温度35℃、CO2流量为10kg/h的条件下萃取150min为最佳工艺。结论：超临界CO2流体萃取技术萃取紫苏叶挥发油得率达3.2%。     

超临界流体萃取菊花油工艺

研究温度、压力、时间、CO2流量对超临界流体萃取菊花油得率的影响,并进行最佳工艺优化.结果表明,影响CO2流体萃取菊花油效率因素的主次作用为萃取时间>萃取温度>萃取压力>CO2流量,最佳工艺为:萃取压力30MPa、萃取温度45℃、CO2流量8 kg/h、萃取时间4 h,菊花油出油率为1.05%.     

超临界CO2流体提取3种河南木本油料油脂工艺的研究

通过单因素和正交试验,得到超临界CO_2流体提取3种河南木本油料油脂的最佳工艺。结果表明:杜仲籽油的最佳提取工艺为萃取压力30 MPa、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间1.5 h、CO_2流量25 kg/h,提取率为28.74%;牡丹籽油的最佳提取工艺为萃取压力30 MPa、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间2.5 h、CO_2流量20 kg/h,提取率为31.62%;山茱萸籽油的最佳提取工艺为萃取压力25 MPa、萃取温度45℃、萃取时间2.5 h、CO_2流量25 kg/h,提取率为39.01%。且3种木本油料油脂品质较好,均符合国家食品安全标准。     

接骨木果油的超临界CO2流体萃取技术研究

用超临界CO2流体萃取技术对接骨木果油进行萃取研究,采用四因素三水平正交试验,探讨了萃取压力、温度、时间、CO2流量对接骨木果油萃取率的影响,研究得出最佳萃取条件为：压力30MPa,温度45℃,时间3h,CO2流量25Kg/h.     

葡萄籽油超临界流体萃取工艺

研究了温度、压力、时间、CO2体积流量对超临界流体萃取葡萄籽油得率的影响,并进行了最佳工艺优化.结果表明,影响CO2流体萃取葡萄皮精油效率因素的主次作用为萃取时间＞萃取压力＞萃取温度＞CO2体积流量,最佳工艺条件为萃取时间4 h、萃取温度45 ℃、CO2体积流量8 L/h、萃取压力30 MPa.葡萄籽油出油率为14.8%.     

番茄红素超临界二氧化碳萃取研究

通过单因素和正交试验对番茄红素超临界CO2萃取工艺进行了优化，研究表明，最佳工艺条件为：萃取压力25MPa，萃取时间3h，萃取温度50℃，CO2流量40L／h。     

超临界CO2萃取姜黄油的工艺及其数学模型的研究

运用均匀试验设计研究了超临界CO2流体萃取姜黄油的工艺条件，试验结果表明；最佳的萃取工艺条件为萃取压力36Mpa，萃取温度50℃，CO2流量15kg／h，萃取时间3h。在分析萃取机理的基础上建立了初步的数学模型。     

超临界CO2流体萃取香榧油的工艺优化

以香榧种仁为原料,研究超临界CO2流体萃取香榧油的工艺条件。利用单因素实验与正交实验进行优化,得到最佳工艺参数为:萃取压力30MPa,萃取温度40℃,CO2流量25L/h,萃取时间3h。在此条件下香榧油得率为47.19%。各因素对香榧油得率的影响次序为:萃取压力>萃取温度>萃取时间>CO2流量。     

超临界萃取花椒中主要成分

采用超临界流体萃取技术萃取花椒油脂,通过单因素试验和正交试验设计,研究花椒粉粒度、萃取压力、萃取时间和萃取温度等因素对花椒油脂的萃取率的影响,找到最佳的工艺条件。研究结果表明最佳工艺参数为花椒粉粒度60目、萃取压力15 MPa、萃取时间1.5 h、萃取温度45℃、CO2流量5 L/h~10 L/h。在此条件下,花椒油脂的萃取率可达12.27%以上。影响提取率的主次因素为萃取温度萃取压力萃取时间。     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．     

ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCTS OF NONENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION OF LYSOZYME

The quantitative analysis of the reaction products of the water activity dependent nonenzymatic glycosylation of lysozyme was not straightforward. Difficulties arose in the determination of the number of bound glucose molecules because glycosylation leads to glucose mediated protein aggregation, and the likely presence of a mixture of relatively labile Schiff-base intermediates, and the more stable ketoamine products generated by Amadori rearrangement. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to monitor protein aggregation; periodate oxidation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and oxalic acid hydrolysis combined with HPLC, emerged as the most promising methods to quantitate the degree of glycosylation. Possible interpretations are advanced to explain the apparent discrepancies in degree of glycosylation suggested by the different analytical methods evaluated.