深过冷条件下Ni—Sn合金的伪共生区与形核特点

本文采用无机盐溶剂中高温循环过热和真空下单辊快淬两种方法获得Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ合金的深过冷，从而测得了Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ合金的伪共生区。分析表明：深过冷条件下共晶两相的形核是彼此独立的异质形核；尽管Ｎｉ３Ｓｎ是易于形核的相，但合金中的固有杂质有利于Ｎｉ（α）相形核。     

Si在变形Ni—Cu—Fe—Mn—Si合金中的行为

研究了热处理后前后变形Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金中的Ｓｉ的存在形式，在晶界及晶内的分布状态和结构，并研究了在热处理状态下，合金性能的变化，ＸＲＤ分析表明：Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金基体为面心方立结构，在热加工状态（Ｒ态）下，Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金除Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ相外，还出现了Ｎｉ３１Ｓｉ１２相。该相为立方结构。ＴＥＭ分析表明：第二相（Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ）在晶界和晶内弥散分布，少量在晶界聚     

Ni—Ni3Si系近共晶合金深过冷形核规律

采用大体积液态金属的微观净化技术,在Ｎｉ－Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ合金中使Ｎｉ－（６．０７－１９．７）％Ｓｉ和Ｎｉ－（２０．５－２２）％Ｓｉ两组合金分别获得了最大达３４４和２６５Ｋ的极限形核过冷度,并使其极限过冷度保持２０个循环过热周期不衰减。实验发现,Ｎｉ－Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ系近共晶合金深过冷凝固时,Ｎｉ３Ｓｉ总是领先于α相形核。     

化学镀非晶态Ni—Sn—P合金耐蚀性的研究

用化学沉积法获得的Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ－Ｐ合金具有非晶态均相结构，表现出优良的耐蚀性，常温下，在盐酸、氢氧化钠、氯化钠溶液中的耐蚀性均优于不锈钢和Ａ３钢，加入稀土元素能提高Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ－Ｐ合金的耐蚀性。     

非晶态Ni—Sn—P合金的腐蚀行为

研究了Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ－Ｐ非晶合金在若干酸中的腐蚀行为，结果表明Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ－Ｐ非晶态合金在这些介质中的耐蚀性优于Ｎｉ－Ｐ非晶态合金，该合金在含有Ｃｌ＾－介质中未发现存在点蚀。     

喷射成形Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金的时效硬化研究

采用硬度测量、光学显微镜、Ｘ射线衍射及透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）等试验方法，研究了喷射成形Ｃｕ－１５Ｎｉ－８Ｓｎ合金的时效硬化。结果表明，合金的时效硬化与其相组成及转变过程有关。有３个过程影响合金硬化，即Ｓｐｉｎｏｄａｌ调幅分解、亚稳γ－（Ｃｕｘ，Ｎｉ１－ｘ）３Ｓｎ相（ＤＯ２２）有序结构）的形成不及不连续沉淀γ－（Ｃｕｘ，Ｎｉ１－ｘ）Ｓｎ相（ＤＯ３有序结构）的析出，前两者对硬化具有促进作用，而后者对硬化产     

Fe—Cr—Mn（Ni）合金抗辐照损伤特性研究

电子束辐照结果证明，Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｍｎ合金辐照损伤行为不同于Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ合金，因为溶质原子与点缺陷有相互作用，特别是Ｍｎ原子与空位相互作用比Ｎｉ原子来得强烈，致使Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｍｎ合金中空位迁移激活能比Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ合金高。Ｎｉ，Ｍｎ在合金中扩散行为不同，是造成两种合金辐射照损伤行为不同的原因。     

Ti对Zr—Mn—V—Ni系合金的微结构和电化学性能的影响

Ｚｒ－Ｍｎ－Ｖ－Ｎｉ合金中Ｚｒ－Ｎｉ金属间化合物与Ｌａｖｅｓ相共存,Ｚｒ０．５Ｔｉ０．５Ｍｎ０．２Ｖ０．６Ｎｉ１．２合金内形成了含Ｔｉ的ｂｃｃ相,选区电子衍射和ＥＤＳ能谱分析结果表明,ｂｃｃ相为Ｂ２型Ｒ相（Ｔｉ０．５Ｚｒ０．２）Ｎｉ,Ｔｉ取代部分Ｚｒ,改变了四元合金中Ｌａｖｅｓ相的晶胞参数和亚结构,非Ｌａｖｅｓ相的形成导致合金元素在各相间的重新分配,多相合金内Ｌａｖｅｓ相的晶胞参数合金的名义成分。     

Cu—15Ni—8Sn中金的机械合金化

通过Ｘ射线衍射仪，透射电镜、扫描电镜分析了Ｃｕ－１５Ｎｉ－８Ｓｎ三元合金的机械全金化过程中晶粒尺寸、形貌和微结构变化，以及相的演变。随着球磨时间的增加，α－Ｃｕ晶粒尺寸减少，点阵参数与应变量增大。球磨过程中粉末颗粒形貌变化过程与二元系合金相似。发现了球磨３ｈ有η－Ｃｕ６Ｓｎ５亚稳相出现，随后该相无序化，最终形成了纳米晶超饱和Ｃｕ（Ｎｉ，Ｓｎ）固溶体     

液态Ni－Fe合金的超过冷与热力学性质

采用熔融玻璃净化法使液态Ｎｉ－１０％Ｆｅ和Ｎｉ－３５％Ｆｅ合金过冷度分别达到３７１（０．９０△Ｔ＿ｈ）和３４３Ｋ（０．９１△Ｔ＿ｈ）．实验测得其超过冷临界过冷度△Ｔｈ分别为４１３和３７６Ｋ．根据超过冷的定义导出一种测定深过冷熔体平均比热容的方法，从而得到两种深过冷合金的比热容为４１．０和４０．７Ｊ／（ｍｏｌ·Ｋ）．据此对快速凝固过程中的焓变△Ｈ＿（ＬＳ），熵变△Ｓ＿（ＬＳ），相变驱动力△Ｇ＿（ＬＳ）以及晶体形核率Ⅰ进行了理论计算．发现尽管过冷度超过了０．２Ｔ＿Ｌ，液态合金仍然发生异质形核．     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.