栅控行波管阴栅距离的调整方法

针对迭片式平封电子枪结构中，栅控行波管的阴栅距离受电子枪热胀冷缩影响较大，进而严重影响电子枪性能的问题，本文提出了一种理论，它有利于电子枪快速准确地调整阴栅装配距离，以确保优良的电子枪性能得到保证。     

小型化连续波栅控电子枪设计

本文对某X/Ku波段小型化连续波行波管进行栅控电子枪的电气和结构设计。利用"电磁设备有限元仿真和分析软件opera"对该栅控电子枪进行电气设计和"大型通用有限元分析软件ansys"对该栅控电子枪进行热分析以及动力学分析,研制出的栅控电子枪各项指标满足该小型化连续波行波管的需要,其结构可靠性满足机载平台的使用要求。     

真空电子技术

C畔63.1 94040122磁偏转电子枪的扫描系统/吴茂林(中国科学院光电技术所)刀光学技术一1994(2)一2一4 叙述了淀积光学膜应用磁偏转电子束扫描电子枪的优越性,并着重介绍了给无扫描装置磁偏转电子枪加装扫描系统的方法及其原理和结构特点.图4(木)(又63.1 94040123栅控电子枪理论新探/黄培信〔北京真空电子所)刀真空电子技术一1994,(1)一22一26 文章主要是利用电子光学薛电透镜原理,研究栅网对栅控电子枪的影响,以及如何消除这种影响.结果表明,理论分析的结果与实验相符,对实际栅控电子枪的设计具有一定的指导意义。图3参4(许)氧化物阴极改型…     

功率行波管栅控电子枪振动模态特性与结构可靠性

介绍了功率行波管栅控电子枪的实际结构和振动考核要求,分析了电子枪的自由振动模型,并根据试验模态数据,分析了电子枪的模态频率及振型对枪体结构可靠性的影响。     

嵌镶式无截获栅栅控电子枪的研究

本文给出了一种无截获栅糊控电子枪模型。阴影栅被直接嵌镶在阴极面上,阴影栅采用环形椰网,在计算机辅助设计中提出了简化二维数学模型并建立了计算程序。通过对计算机计算结果的分析,提出了设计这种枪的方法。并通过设计一个导流系数为0.9P的栅控枪进行了实验验证。初步结果表明建立的计算机程序完全可以满足这一类无截获栅栅控电子枪的工程设计要求。     

无截获栅控电子枪CAD软件

主要介绍一个二维无截获栅控电子枪计算机模拟计算程序ＳＨＭＧ，及其关键数值分析模型和实验分析结果。ＳＨＭＧ计算程序用来验算已初步设计的无截获栅控电子枪，并进行优化。需要特别说明的是，ＳＨＭＧ程序是在ＳＬＡＣ电子轨迹计算程序的基础上完成的。     

电子枪的结构设计

结构设计是电子枪设计的重要组成部分。本文给出了电子枪结构设计的基本要求；设计了一把无截获栅控电子枪－芯柱－叠片式电子枪，它简化了工艺结构，并可获得精确的设计参量和高可靠性。     

行波管栅控电子枪随机振动分析

针对某行波管栅控电子枪进行结构力学仿真,计算枪体结构的固有频率和加载功率谱密度条件下的随机响应特性,并对仿真结果进行分析,从而在栅控电子枪的力学设计中避免共振,提高结构的安全性,保证行波管稳定工作。该管顺利通过随机振动试验,试验结果符合军标要求。     

大功率行波管无截获栅控枪的设计

根据栅控枪的基本设计原理和整管的应用要求，设计了一种高导流系数、高压缩比和高直流工作电压的无截获栅控枪。详细地讨论了无截获栅控电子枪设计方案的选择和参数的确定。设计数据和试验结果十分吻合，并给出了在Ｘ波段大功率耦合腔行波管中的应用结果。     

栅极对电子注性能的影响分析

在三维仿真的基础上分析了无截获栅控电子枪中栅极对电子轨迹的影响因素,设计中使用非球面栅极结构的方法可有效减小因栅极的引入对电子注层流性的破坏。     

The design and performance of grid-controlled, high-perveance electron guns

The focusing electrode and a probe projecting through the cathode serve as control electrodes for the current from a convergent-beam electron gun. The principal advantage of this type of "grid" is that there is no interception of the high-current-density beam by the probe-grid. This paper presents the design procedure and experimental results for typical probe-gridded guns. The design procedure is used to obtain the desired perveance, beam diameter, and approximate laminar electron flow. The probe geometry that results in a minimum beam distortion is discussed. The range of values of amplification factor obtainable and the influence of probe geometry on this factor are discussed. The magnetic field required for focusing the beam from a probe-gridded gun is compared with that required for perfect laminar flow and for focusing the beam from a nongridded gun of similar design. An electrolytic tank in conjunction with an analog computer was used to plot electron trajectories, with the effect of space charge included, for the probe-gridded gun and a similar nongridded gun. A comparison of the electron optics of the gridded and nongridded gun is made. Electrical breakdown and beam current during the interpulse time are problems considered. Methods used to minimize electrical breakdown and interpulse beam current are presented. Several models of probe-gridded guns were constructed. The measured characteristics of these guns demonstrate that the advantages of grid control can be obtained with only a minor effect on gun perveance and beam focusing.     

碳纳米管冷阴极电子枪栅网电子通过率的仿真及实验

本文在栅网结构碳纳米管冷阴极电子枪原型器件的基础上,研究了栅网通过率对冷阴极电子枪阴极发射和电子通过率的影响。首先通过计算机仿真了栅网通过率对阴极发射电流及阳极电流的影响,在其他条件相同的情况下,栅网通过率为80%左右时可得到最大阳极电流;其次根据仿真结果加工了两种不同栅网通过率的电子枪原型并进行了测试,得到的实验结果与仿真基本一致,最后从理论上对实验结果进行了分析,对进一步研究冷阴极电子枪提供了技术依据。     

无截获栅控电子枪的工艺结构设计及其阴极几何利用系数的计算方法

本文介绍了两种类型无截获栅控枪(即:单一栅和四极管型无截获栅控枪)的工艺结构设计。给出了阴栅结构设计的基本方法以及阴极几何利用系数的计算方法,从而合理地确定了最佳的网孔数、网孔尺寸和网筋宽度。本文还介绍了阴栅组件的加工方法、对栅方法。讨论了电子枪中的击穿现象。     

The grid lens effect in convergent Pierce guns

In a conventional Pierce-type gun, the anode aperture causes a potential reduction in the cathode-anode region from the ideal Langmuir potential distribution. For low-voltage gating of the electron beam, a mesh grid of spherical shape (conforming to an equipotential surface) is used in front of the cathode. When this grid is operated at the Langmuir potential depicted by its relative position, there is a difference in the potential gradients on its two sides. This difference causes a lens action at each mesh element which results in a displacement of the actual electron trajectory from the ideal laminar trajectory in the region beyond the anode. A means for calculating these displacements as a function of distance along the axis is developed. As the grid lenses are divergent, the images of the mesh elements in any plane beyond the anode are larger than those for ideal laminar flow, resulting in a current density distribution which differs from that of the ideal beam. A means of calculating the current density profile by summing the effects of the grid lenses is devised, and the method is applied to a sample gun design to illustrate the effect on the current density distribution.     

Gridded electron guns for high average power

The design and performance of electron guns producing high-average-power beams which are controlled by an intercepting-type grid are described. The design consists of a modification of the design of Pierce-type electron guns to allow for the effect of grid insertion, and calculation of the amplification factors based on the potential distribution. The performance is evaluated in terms of the beam shapes and average beam powers obtainable. Measured amplification factors are compared with calculated values. Factors influencing the measured beam shapes are discussed. Trajectories of electrons emitted as secondaries from the grid and those of electrons deflected by the lens effect of the grid wires were plotted using an analog computer and electrolytic tank. The shapes and focusing properties of electron beams from similar gridded and nongridded guns are compared. Expressions relating the average beam power capability to the gun and grid dimensions are developed. The calculated average beam power capabilities are compared with measured values. Average beam power as high as 8 kw has been obtained with electron guns of a size suitable for use in X-band twt's.     

关于无截获栅电子枪栅网形状的研究

本文叙述了采用三种不同形状栅网(方孔栅、六角孔栅、环形栅)的导流系数为1.4p的无截获栅栅控电子枪,在电子注分析器上进行实验的详细情况。文中扼要地介绍了无截获栅栅控枪使用三种不同栅网的设计方法,并给出了所用实验系统的结构。三种栅网的荧光屏显示和小孔扫描测试的结果表明,环形栅的电子光学性能最佳。从概念上定性地分析并讨论了环形栅优于其它栅的原因。这为今后设计无截获栅枪指出了方向。通过对多把无截获栅枪的实验研究和计算机计算,纠正了过去有关栅控枪和基础无栅枪性能上的一些概念上的错误结论。     

On grid-mesh shapes of non-intercepting gridded guns

A non-intercepting gridded gun with the perveance of 1.4μP is described. Three different gridmesh shapes (square, hexagonal and annular) are chosen, and the experimental results in an electron beam analyzer are given in detail. The design methods of the gun for each grid-mesh shape and the structures of the test system are briefly introduced. The results measured by using the fluorescent screen and pin-hole scanning technique are given. It turns out that the annular grid possessed the best electron optical performance. The reason that the performance of the annular grid is better than the others is qualitatively explained and discussed, so as to give the guide lines of how to design the non-intercepting gridded guns. Through the experiment and the computer calculation for several non-intercepting gridded guns, the previous wrong conceptional conclusions about the performances of the guns with and without grid may be corrected.     

一种新型脉冲微束斑X射线源的研究

通过控制栅极电压技术,有效地控制LaB6阴极电子枪发射系统电子束发射的通与断,成功实现了新型台式微束斑X射线源的脉冲辐射。该X射线源主要由三部分组成：LaB6单晶阴极电子枪发射系统,静电聚焦系统以及金属靶材系统。通过对该微束斑X射线源输出的X射线束斑、亮度等特性的初步实验测试,表明这种脉冲式微束斑X射线源具有束斑小、亮度高的特点,其中X射线束焦斑仅为10μm左右。