AS增韧塑料的形态结构研究

用TEM法和SEM法研究了ABS、AES、AAS和AABS中橡胶颗粒粒径、粒径分布和形态结构。研究结果表明在AABS中橡胶颗粒基本是球形,具有核-壳结构,粒径呈双峰分布,在大橡胶颗粒内有次包裹物,是典型的细胞结构。AAS的橡胶颗粒是不规则形状,粒子没有明显的双峰分布,一部分颗粒以聚集体形式分散于AS基体中,粒径分布较宽;AES的橡胶粒径较小且分布窄,大多数橡胶粒子以聚集体形式分散于AS基体中;在ABS中橡胶颗粒基本上是球形,大粒子内部含有次包裹物,是典型的细胞结构。     

陶瓷微波烧结技术研究进展

综述了近年来用微波方法烧结陶瓷在机理和应用上的进展,阐明了微波促进陶瓷体特别是在多元系统中烧结的原理,列举了近几年来微波烧结提高陶瓷性能的实例,指出了微波烧结陶瓷技术的发展前景.     

国内外染料工业发展新动向

本文阐述了国内外染料工业发展的新动向,指出了国外染料市场趋势和发展新特点:染料企业重组已趋平稳和进一步确立我国作为世界染料生产和供应中心的地位,在国际上设置"技术壁垒"和"贸易壁垒"的力度进一步加强,新染料的开发放到比较重要的地位,不断适应纺织工业新的着色要求;还指出了我国染料工业的发展新特点:市场活跃新品不断,出口增长,连创新高,新兴基地,发展壮大。注重染料质的提高,采用新技术和清洁工艺生产是我国染料工业发展的重中之重。有7篇参考文献。     

分子印迹聚合物的制备与应用研究进展

分子印迹技术也称之为分子膜技术,在分子识别和痕量分析中得到广泛的应用。利用分子印迹技术合成了分子印迹聚合物。近几十年来,该化合物受到了普遍的关注。分子印迹聚合物具有新型官能团,对某些分子具有空间识别性能。介绍了分子印迹聚合物的合成方法及机理,并论述了其在一些领域的应用进展。由于具有对某些分子的空间识别性能,在传感器中得到了应用;由于具有抵抗恶劣环境的能力,使其在酶催化方面得到应用;同样由于能够与具有类似结构的分子印迹聚合物相连接的能力,使其在膜分离及固相萃取中得到应用,在化学催化方面同样得到了应用。     

Fertilizer use in Asian agriculture: implications for sustaining food security and the environment

This paper studies the role of chemical fertilizers in sustaining the growth in foodgrain production in the major rice growing countries in Asia. The trends in fertilizer consumption are reviewed, the yield response and change in policies in the fertilizer sector and their impact on fertilizer prices are assessed and factors affecting fertilizer demand are analyzed. The implications of sustaining food security and the environment on fertilizer use are critically examined, future projections on food and fertilizer demand are made and areas of research needed to achieve the targets are suggested.     

Beurteilung der Reinigbarkeit von Oberflächen bei partikulärer Kontamination

Hygienic impeccable surfaces are, e.g., in food technology and healthcare facilities conditionally essential. Does a presence of fine particular contamination occur, adhesion forces between particles and surfaces are relevant. In this paper the cleaning‐process of materials, which are often used in cleanrooms are focused. The surface properties, which influence the dislodgement of particles are observed. There are two groups of materials used for the experiments, which are commonly used in hygienic relevant places in healthcare facilities.     

切削液及其添加剂的进展

对切削液的分类、组成及发展现状作了综述 ,详细分析了摩擦学添加剂的种类 ,特点和作用机理 ;分别概述了水基与油基辅助添加剂的种类及特点 ,介绍了基于环保而形成的一些研究热点。将纳米技术应用于切削液 ,合成新的稀土有机化合物作为切削添加剂等均具有良好的应用前景。     

Biosurfactants: Recent advances

Surfactants find applications in a wide variety of industrial processes. Biomolecules that are amphiphilic and partition preferentially at interfaces are classified as biosurfactants. In terms of surface activity, heat and pH stability, many biosurfactants are comparable to synthetic surfactants. Therefore, as the environmental compatibility is becoming an increasingly important factor in selecting industrial chemicals, the commercialization of biosurfactant is gaining much attention. In this paper, the general properties and functions of biosurfactants are introduced. Strategies for development of biosurfactant assay, enhanced biosurfactant production, large scale fermentation, and product recovery are discussed. Also discussed are recent advances in the genetic engineering of biosurfactant production. The potential applications of biosurfactants in industrial processes and bioremediation are presented. Finally, comments on the application of enzymes for the production of surfactants are also made.     

板式塔研究进展

对影响塔板传质效率的各种因素从理论上进行了分析 ;根据气液在塔内的相对流动将塔板分为三大类 ,然后依据塔板的结构简图对各种塔板的结构特点进行了详细介绍 ,对其流体力学和传质性能进行了分析 ,还比较了不同结构塔板之间的优缺点 ;对在不同情况下塔板的选择及塔板的发展提出了建议     

蔗糖基准校准红外吸收法测定非合金钢中超低碳的空白值

按照GB/T 20126-2006测定非合金钢中超低碳含量时,由于分析所使用的纯铁助熔剂没有准确定值,所以无法计算出真正的空白值加以扣除,影响测定结果的准确性。通过实验,采用二次坩埚预处理技术,有效地扣除了空白值;采用蔗糖基准建立了工作曲线,准确地测定了纯铁中质量分数在0.000 6%~0.002 4%的超低碳,标准偏差为0.000 028%~0.000 078%。