基于改进随机Hough变换的快速中心检测方法

为了实现芯片焊盘的中心提取,建立了显微视觉系统,研究了焊盘中心坐标的图像检测方法.该方法将改进的随机Hough变换与最小二乘法结合起来,实现对焊盘中心坐标的快速准确定位.首先,根据焊盘基本为圆形的特征,初步确定使用Hough变换法和最小二乘法进行中心检测.其次,分析了这两种方法存在的问题和不足,引出了改进的随机Hough变换法.最后,根据焊盘边缘凹凸不平的特点,将改进的随机Hough变换法和最小二乘法结合起来,通过随机Hough变换检测出焊盘中心的大致坐标,进而锁定焊盘边缘,再通过最小二乘法对中心坐标进行修正而得到精确的亚像素级中心坐标.实验结果表明,该方法的检测精度可达0.57μm,运行时间在12 ms以内,满足显微视觉系统的精度高、速度快和抗干扰能力强等要求.     

自适应聚类Hough变换及地震断层检测

针对现有基于Hough变换的地震断层检测方法只能检测单个断层,不能准确检测多个断层的不足,提出了一种基于自适应聚类Hough变换的地震断层检测方法。该方法首先对预处理后的地震相干图像进行边缘检测并对边缘图像进行Hough变换以检测出边缘图像中的线段,然后根据倾斜角和位置信息对线段进行自适应聚类以获得更完整的线段,最后根据初始地震图像对完整线段中的各点进行调整以获得准确、平滑的断层。为验证该方法的有效性,在实际地震图像上进行了对比实验。实验结果表明,该方法可正确检测地震图像中的多个断层,正确率达到90%以上,与现有方法相比,峰值信噪比提高了约10%。     

Hough变换在温度计检测中的应用

一、引言直线检测是图像分析与模式识别的重要内容,Hough变换正是直线检测的一个有效而可靠的方法。在检测温度计示值稳定度时需要利用Hough变换提取刻度线位置和水银柱头的位置。Hough变换是P.V.Hough于1962年提出的一种形状匹配技术,具有很强的抗干扰能力和很高的鲁棒性,广泛应用于直线检测中。但是其巨大的存储空间和复杂的计算量降低了其算法的效率,本文结合实际,给出了利用Hough变换判断待检温度计是否合格的方法。     

一种基于中点画圆算法的改进Hough变换检测圆方法

为了对机械零件图像中的圆形几何特征进行视觉检测,将中点画圆算法与Hough变换相结合,提出一种基于中点画圆算法的Hough变换检测圆的新方法,并对中点画圆算法中的浮点运算等方面进行了改进。给出了该新方法的具体实施步骤和检测结果,表明了该方法的可行性。最后,通过对比实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于改进Hough变换的纸塑复合袋视觉定位算法

目的 为快速精确获取纸塑复合袋纠偏过程中的位置偏移和倾角信息,提出一种基于改进Hough变换的纸塑复合袋视觉定位算法.方法 首先通过大津法对平台上的纸塑复合袋图像进行分割,去除皮带部分;然后利用基于方差的差异化滤波方法对纸塑复合袋图像进行降噪处理,突出复合袋图像边缘;最后运用Canny算子获取纸塑复合袋边缘点,利用改进的Hough变换算法对纸塑复合袋4条边线进行直线提取,求解纸塑复合袋的中心位置和倾角.结果 改进算法在直线提取精度和耗时2个方面均优于传统Hough变换算法,获取纸塑复合袋位置和倾角只需0.335 s,耗时减少了76％.结论 改进算法的耗时满足纠偏定位要求.     

基于改进的Hough变换缸套内面网纹夹角检测

目的缸套内面网纹角是影响缸套性能的重要参数,为了在生产过程中快速准确检测出网纹角参数,剔除不合格产品,研究基于改进的Hough变换缸套内面网纹夹角检测方法。方法确定缸套图像的预处理算法,增强图像网纹特征,滤除次要信息;确定基于Canny算子的网纹特征边缘分割方法;确定基于改进的Hough变换网纹直线特征提取方法,通过计算提取直线夹角的平均值得到缸套网纹角值。结果试验表明,基于改进的Hough变换网纹角检测结果与进口仪器检测结果相比,平均误差为1.54%,检测精度高。结论提出的检测算法可准确识别缸套内表面网纹角,能很好地代替传统人工复膜检测和昂贵的进口检测仪器,满足工业现场自动检测的需要,提高了检测的效率和精度,降低了检测成本。     

指针式仪表视频图像中指针精确提取算法的研究

<正>一、指针精确提取算法以往算法中大多用基于单幅二值化图像的Hough变换检测直线的方法来提取指针,在这里,笔者提出3种算法综合使用来精确提取圆盘仪表的指针的方法:方法一仍然是二值单幅图像上基于Hough变换的方法;方法二是灰度单幅图像上的基于极坐标中心投影的方法;方法三是针对动态仪表视频图像,利用最小二乘法处理在某一时刻获取的多个指针角度值。Hough变换方法作用在二值图像上,针对图像质     

基于RHT-LSM直线检测方法的研究

本文结合随机Hough变换(RHT)抗噪声能力强与最小二乘法(LSM)拟合精度高的特性,提出了一种基于随机Hough变换与最小二乘法进行直线检测的方法.该方法能用于背景噪声较强,直线存在一定弯曲的图像,检测精度高.首先,用随机Hough变换确定直线的大致位置,得到直线参量和数量;然后,利用所得直线参数,计算图像中的点到直线的距离,根据距离,可以确定每条直线附近的点集,剔除干扰点和噪声;最后,用最小二乘法对点集中的各点进行拟合,得到精确的直线参量.把该方法应用于列车动态识别中的制动梁检测,得到了良好的效果.     

基于Hough变换的三次方Bezier曲线检测算法研究

类似经典Hough变换中对直线(段)、圆(弧)、椭圆、抛物线等解析曲线的检测,论文研究了三次方Bezier曲线的检测算法,提出了离散Bezier曲线的特征建模方法和使用R函数的Hough变换曲线检测快速算法。该算法能够根据所给出的待检测目标点阵图像建立形状参数模型,然后检测该曲线在复杂图像中出现的位置、大小和方向。实验表明,该法能够有效地检测任意三次方Bezier曲线,且精确度优于目前广泛用于曲线检测的广义Hough变换。     

基于Hough变换的车窗提取算法

在HOV乘客数检测系统中，对车窗的定位与提取，可以极大地减少计算量，提高系统的运算速度以及检测的准确度。针对图像中车窗边缘的图像特点，提出了一种基于相位编组法进行图像分块，在图像块内进行决速Hough变换的直线检测，并结合积分投影方法对车窗进行定位与提取。实验结果表明该算法具有较快的运算速度和较高的检测准确率。     

Robust ellipse detection based on hierarchical image pyramid and Hough transform

In this research we propose a fast and robust ellipse detection algorithm based on a multipass Hough transform and an image pyramid data structure. The algorithm starts with an exhaustive search on a low-resolution image in the image pyramid using elliptical Hough transform. Then the image resolution is iteratively increased while the candidate ellipses with higher resolution are updated at each step until the original image resolution is reached. After removing the detected ellipses, the Hough transform is repeatedly applied in multiple passes to search for remaining ellipses, and terminates when no more ellipses are found. This approach significantly reduces the false positive error of ellipse detection as compared with the conventional randomized Hough transform method. The analysis shows that the computing complexity of this algorithm is Θ(n(5/2)), and thus the computation time and memory requirement are significantly reduced. The developed algorithm was tested with images containing various numbers of ellipses. The effects of noise-to-signal ratio combined with various ellipse sizes on the detection accuracy were analyzed and discussed. Experimental results revealed that the algorithm is robust to noise. The average detection accuracies were all above 90% for images with less than seven ellipses, and slightly decreased to about 80% for images with more ellipses. The average false positive error was less than 2%.     

Location of Optical Fibers for the Calibration of Incoherent Optical Fiber Bundles for Image Transmission

Image transmission by incoherent optical fiber bundles (IOFBs) requires prior calibration to obtain the spatial in–out fiber correspondence to reconstruct the image captured by the pseudocamera. This information is recorded in a lookup table (LUT), which is later used for reordering the fiber positions and reconstructing the original image. This paper shows how to apply a fiber detection process to minimize the calibration time and improve the quality of the recovered image. Two different fiber detection methods were developed. The former uses the circular Hough transform algorithm based on the image gradient. The second algorithm combines a number of morphological transformations with distance transform. The results demonstrate that this technique provides a remarkable reduction in the processing time while improving fiber detection accuracy.      

Applications of the Phase-Coded Generalized Hough Transform to Feature Detection,Analysis, and Segmentation of Digital Microstructures

The generalized Hough transform is a common technique for feature detection in image processing. In this paper, we develop a size invariant Hough framework for the detection of arbitrary shapes in three dimensional digital microstructure datasets. The Hough transform is efficiently implemented via kernel convolution with complex Hough filters, where shape is captured in the magnitude of the filter and scale in the complex phase. In this paper, we further generalize the concept of a Hough filter by encoding other parameters of interest (e.g. orientation of plate or fiber constituents) in the complex phase, broadening the applicability of Hough transform techniques. We demonstrate the application of these techniques to feature detection in micrographs (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) microstructure datasets, and explore their utility to the closely related applications of feature based image segmentation and calculation of 3-D microstructure metrics.     

复杂海空背景下鲁棒的海天线检测算法研究

海天线检测是研究成像型反舰导弹末制导技术的一项重要内容。本文深入地探讨了海空背景下的海天线检测问题。考虑到海天线为直线模型,提出了一种鲁棒的海天线检测算法。首先用方向梯度算子得到差分图像,然后基于边缘阈值策略二值化图像,最后方向细化并采用Hough变换检测海天线。实验表明,该方法战场适应性好,定位精度高,可以有效地检测出各种复杂海空背景下的海天线,为进一步应用（诸如目标识别、图像配准）奠定了良好的基础。     

随机圆检测算法的采样约束和参数校准策略

随机Hough变换和随机圆检测算法是图像中检测圆轮廓的快速方法,但在实际应用中分别在速度和精度上有不足.将上述算法中的随机采样分布、采样累积分布和采样次数阈值归为采样约束问题,将代理点计算出的参数与真实参数的偏差归为参数校准问题.经分析上述问题,将改进的随机圆检测算法作为快速识别方法,将随机圆Hough变换作为校准方法,结合两者的优点提出一种基于识别-校准框架的高效圆检测算法.实验数据证明,在噪声和不理想圆轮廓条件下,该框架能够很好地平衡检测速度与精度,从而体现出算法的高效性.     

Automatic localisation of electron backscattering pattern bands from Hough transform

Abstract

An important and challenging aspect of the development of a system for fully automated electron backscattering pattern (EBSP) analysis is the design of reliable digital image processing routines for automatic detection and localisation of the bands in the digitised patterns. Procedures based on the Hough transform which permit precise localisation of a large number of bands in digital EBSPs are described in detail. Special attention is paid to the analysis and post-processing of the Hough space which ensure a high insensitivity to noise and a high precision of the measured band positions. The possibilities for further improvements and extensions of the procedures are also discussed, including the possibility of extracting band width information from the Hough transform. To demonstrate these possibilities, a new procedure is outlined and shown to be capable of providing high precision estimates of the EBSP band positions and, in addition, fairly precise estimates of the band widths.

MST/3672     

Optical Hough-transform processor with a two-dimensional array of computer-generated holograms

An optical implementation of the Hough transform that uses a two-dimensional array of computergenerated holograms based on a direct-binary-search algorithm is investigated. A Hough-transform filter consisting of 16 × 16 Fourier-transform direct-binary-search computer-generated holograms is examined. A novel matrix format, which uses the parameter domain in the Hough transform instead of a conventional orthogonal coordinate system, enables highly flexible fabrication of a Hough-transform filter by reducing constraints for reconstructed sample points of a computer-generated hologram. A completed Hough-transform filter has excellent performance both in the quality of the reconstructed image and in diffraction efficiency.