农药重烟剂药效试验

本文研究了农药重烟剂防治田间农作物病虫害的可能性，并对应用技术和使用方法进行了探索。试验结果表明，１０％百菌清重烟剂９￣１０．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２防治芦笋茎枯病效果达８０％以上；２０％敌敌畏重烟剂９￣１０．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２防治小麦蚜虫效果达８０％以上，重烟剂的烟云高度在２ｍ以下，放烟０．５ｈ后，烟云逐渐沉降到作物上，达到防病治虫效果。     

5%咪草烟在花生田的应用

5％咪草烟在40、60、80、120、160ml／667m^2剂量下对单双子叶杂草防效均比较好，对马唐、稗草、狗尾草等禾本科杂草的总防效在80％～95％，对阔叶杂草的防效在85％-96％，5％咪草烟除草效果和混剂(咪草烟40 灭草敌100ml／667m^2，咪草烟40 烯草酮25ml／667m^2)基本一致。5％咪草烟对花生比较安全，安全剂量在80ml／667m^2以下。     

咪草烟应用技术研究

咪草烟系咪唑啉酮类豆田除草剂，在室内、温室和田间进行了咪草烟活性、安全性和施药条件的试验。在５０￣１００克有效成分／公顷剂量下可有效防除禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草（除铁苋菜和鬼针草）。在温室内５０￣２００克有效成分／公顷对大豆安全，但在大豆三片三出复叶斯后施用易产生药害。咪草烟在土壤中残留时间长，对后茬敏感作物易产生药害，其安全间隔期有待进一步研究。     

辛硫磷防治棉铃虫药效试验

１９９５年用４０％辛硫磷乳油进行了防治棉铃虫药效试验，亩用该药５０，７５，１００毫升，在第二遍药后３天均达到７０％以上防治效果，明显高于２．５％氯氟氰菊酯乳油亩用６０毫升的防效５６．５０％。该药是一种防治抗性棉铃虫的优良杀虫剂，建议棉田用量为亩施７５－８０毫升为宜。     

50%乙.噻乳油防除玉米田杂草

５０％乙．噻乳油是一种高效，广谱，对玉米安全的除草剂，试验结果表明，以５０％乙．噻乳油８０－１００毫升／亩，在玉米播后芽前施药，也可在玉米１－４叶期，杂草初发期施药，对玉米田一年生禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草总的防效在８５％以上，可以控制整个生育期人的杂草。     

咪草烟防除苜蓿田杂草技术初探

咪草因防除苜蓿田杂草，经试验咪草烟用作苜蓿播后苗前土壤处理，对苜蓿药害严重。苗后早期处理使用剂量在1500、1800、2100ml／hm^23个剂量，对苜蓿田反枝苋、稗草、马唐、马齿苋等单双子叶杂草的总防效分别为76％、81％、84％，且在规定剂量内对苜蓿安全。另外，咪草烟对苜蓿田其它主要杂草一播娘蒿也有较好的防效。     

塑料用抑烟剂及抑烟机理的研究进展

综述和分析了近20年来塑料用抑烟剂及抑烟机理的发展概况，其中也包括了笔者的一些科研成果。主要论述了钼化合物、还原偶联抑烟剂、铁化合物、金属氧化物、镁锌复合物、锡酸锌及其他复合抑烟剂等对PVC、苯乙烯系塑料、不饱和聚酯及聚氨酯泡沫塑料的抑烟机理和抑烟效果。当上述抑烟剂在PVC及苯乙烯系塑料中的用量为2％～4％时，材料的生烟量可下降30％～50％。另外还介绍了一些研发中的新型抑烟剂，如某些二元羧酸、酯类及硅胶等。     

低铬稀土钢棒在湿法棒球生料磨上的使用效果

我公司有４台Φ２．６m×１３m湿法开流棒球生料磨，转速１８．４５r／min，主电动机功率为１０００kW，台时产量为５０～５３t／h。入磨物料有３种：石灰石８４．５％，粒度≤２５mm的占８０％；黄土１２％左右；铁粉３．５％左右。出磨生料浆８０μm筛余细度为１１％～１４％，水分为３５％～３６．５％。１磨机研磨体使用情况湿法生料磨原设计为普通球磨机（一仓用球）。１９７２年改棒球磨，磨机有关工艺参数见表１。表１磨机有关工艺参数项目一仓二仓三仓有效长度／m２．７５３．４５６．４５研磨体／mmΦ５０～Φ７５×２６８０棒Φ…     

烟嘧黄隆防除玉米田杂草研究

本文报道苏北垦区烟嘧黄隆及其混配剂防除玉米田杂草的效果及其评价。每公顷用烟嘧黄隆３０￣５０克对本地玉田主要禾本科杂草及阔叶杂草均有显著防效。烟唑黄隆与莠去津混用（２０￣３０克＋５００克／公顷）可以提高效果，并减轻对后茬小麦的危害。     

百菌清10％烟剂防治大棚黄瓜霜霉病药效试验

试验了烟剂农药新品种-百菌清10％烟剂对保护地黄瓜霜霉病的防治效果,结果表明百菌清10％烟剂对黄瓜霜霉病的防效达72．87％～82．85％,使用的适宜剂量为750～1200a．i．g／hm^2,持效期为7d。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。