低品位硼矿的加工利用

我国硼矿探明储量为4908万t,位居世界第四位,其中90％的储量分布在西藏、辽宁和青海地区。目前国内的高品位硼矿逐年耗尽,剩下的绝大多数硼矿资源品位低、开发难度大、加工工艺复杂,如辽宁凤城翁泉沟硼铁矿、西藏盐湖沉积的镁盐类矿、青海大柴旦湖底多种硼酸盐矿共存的低品位硼矿、东北地区的低品位硼镁矿等。     

大柴旦低品位硼矿富集研究

研究了一种提高青海大柴旦地区低品位硼矿品位的浮选方法。采用Y-ZS为调整剂、B-HW为捕收剂,经两次粗选、两次精选、一次扫选流程,可获得较好的浮选分离指标,可使硼矿B2O3品位由7.36%提高到17.21%,收率达到77.25%。     

常宁硼矿反浮选试验

湖南常宁硼矿为碳酸盐类型硼矿床。曾采用焙烧－消化法获得较好的指标，但难以工业化利用。采用反浮选工艺，工艺成熟、流程简单、不加温、药剂成本低、指标先进，为开发利用常宁硼矿提供了较为有效的选别指标。     

七里坪硼矿反浮选连续扩大试验研究

本文介绍了低品位夕卡岩型硼矿反浮选连续试验程序。用水玻璃作硼矿物抑制剂,B-851作方解石和白云石的捕收剂,经三次粗选、二次扫选,分选效果良好。     

硼酸生产中原矿的一种预浓缩技术研究

研究了一种提高西藏镁硼矿品位的反浮选方法,可除去其中的粘土矿物及碳酸盐矿物,得到高品位的生产硼酸的原料,品位从20.24?O3提高至30.81% B2O3,收率72%,利用该技术可提高利用西藏硼矿生产硼酸的青海企业的经济效益.     

低品位菱镁矿选矿工艺研究

通过光薄片鉴定、XRD和化学分析等方法,对某低品位菱镁矿进行了矿石性质分析研究,确定了该矿石属于高硅高钙型低品位菱镁矿.对该低品位菱镁矿进行选择性磨矿、预先分级、优先浮选、混合浮选等工艺研究和优化试验.可获得MgO含量为46.28％,回收率为67.97％的菱镁矿精矿;品位为91.99％,回收率为94.58％的滑石-绿泥石产品.     

含铜磁黄铁矿的选矿研究

在对江西某含铜磁黄铁矿的选矿研究中采用了全浮和磁－浮两种工艺。全浮工艺获得硫精矿品位３５．５６％，收率９０．０８％，铜精矿品位１７．８５％、收率７２．８４％。磁－浮联合工艺获得硫精矿品位３４．２％、收率９４．５％，铜精矿品位１８．９８％、收率５６．１０％。全浮用药量较磁一浮工艺高，但耗水量小。全浮工艺的铜回收率较高。两种工艺均能获得较好的选矿指标。     

常宁硼矿选矿工艺研究

我院实验室曾采用焙烧－消化法富集常宁硼矿获得了较好的技术指标。然而，该法为间断工艺，同时受粒度限制，资料不能充分利用，故难于用以工业生产。采用反浮选工艺，流程简单，药剂品种少，易于操作调控，指标先进。反浮选路线类技术上可行，浮选精矿可为生产硼酸或硼砂是供可靠原料。     

碳碱法新工艺加工二人沟硼镁矿制硼砂试验成功

辽宁省宽甸县砖庙硼镁矿床二人沟矿段是我国目前较大的硼矿点。该矿储量较大,品位较高,但难以用现行碳碱法工艺加工,因为浸取时料浆容易干涸,三氧化二硼的分解率低(一般为40～50％),过滤困难。使得二人沟硼矿的开采利用受到极大限制。我组对二人沟硼矿加工方法进行了研究,解决了二人沟硼矿的加工问题。在研究矿渣(主要是镁盐)生成的物理化学过程的基础上,找到了控制矿渣结晶生长的工艺条件,提出了碳碱法新工艺。     

鸡公湾铜硫铁矿石选矿工艺研究

为了提高铜、硫、铁精矿的质量,对原选矿流程中的磨矿细度、选矿工艺等进行了研究,证明以分支串流混合浮选+磁选+脱硫的选矿工艺较为理想,获得了铜精矿品位13.64％、回收率78.02％,硫精矿品位45.89％、回收率86.65％,铁精矿品位63.27％、回收率75.09％、含硫0.29％的好指标。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.