TC4合金在约束条件下加热时塑性变形及变形功

固态焊接时受约束焊件在加热过程中因胀大变形不能进行而产生等效塑性压缩变形(EPCD)。本文以TC4合金为研究对象，对EPCD和由EPCD引起的等效塑性压缩变形功W及其影响因素进行了试验研究。结果表明：等效塑性压缩应变ε和W的大小主要与加热温度T和预压应力σ有关，σ0一定,T较高时(≥700C)，ε随T的升高呈线性增大，而在较低T时(≤700℃)，ε随T的升高增大不明显，W则随着T的升高而减小；T一定时，ε和W均随σ1的增加而增大；当σ11和T一定时，W随ε的增加而增大，W-ε曲线呈指数关系曲线。     

采用中间夹层的40Cr钢基于等效压缩变形的固态焊接

以激光淬火态40Cr为中间夹层，进行了40Cr钢的基于等效压缩变形的固态焊接试验。结果表明．在焊接温度760～800℃、预压应力37～80MPa、保温时间4-8min条件下，其接头抗拉强度可达到或接近母材强度：激光淬火态的40Cr中间夹层在等效压缩变形过程中发生了较为明显的超塑性流变而使该固态焊接更易实现。     

采用中间夹层的40Cr钢基于等效压缩变形的固态焊接

以激光淬火态40Cr为中间夹层,进行了40Cr钢的基于等效压缩变形的固态焊接试验。结果表明,在焊接温度760～800℃、预压应力37～80MPa、保温时间4～8min条件下,其接头抗拉强度可达到或接近母材强度;激光淬火态的40Cr中间夹层在等效压缩变形过程中发生了较为明显的超塑性流变而使该固态焊接更易实现。     

40Cr/QCr0.5固态焊中的等效压缩变形与应力应变

对表面经激光淬火的40Ct与QCr0．5的固态压接的升温、保温过程中存在的等效压缩变形现象及其产生进行了阐述，并在试验基础上对伴随等效压缩变形的应力应变进行了分析。结果表明：等效塑性压缩变形是焊件在升温、保温过程中受约束压力作用不能胀大而产生的塑性变形的累积，它提供了形成固相焊接接头所必需的塑性变形。等效压缩变形使焊件在被约束方向上的尺寸保持恒定，而约束压力则在试样屈服极限的变化和应力松弛的综合作用下发生增大、持平、快速减小直至缓慢减小的变化。     

40Cr/QCr0.5固态焊中的等效压缩变形与应力应变

对表面经激光淬火的40Cr与QCr0.5的固态压接的升温、保温过程中存在的等效压缩变形现象及其产生进行了阐述,并在试验基础上对伴随等效压缩变形的应力应变进行了分析。结果表明:等效塑性压缩变形是焊件在升温、保温过程中受约束压力作用不能胀大而产生的塑性变形的累积,它提供了形成固相焊接接头所必需的塑性变形。等效压缩变形使焊件在被约束方向上的尺寸保持恒定,而约束压力则在试样屈服极限的变化和应力松弛的综合作用下发生增大、持平、快速减小直至缓慢减小的变化。     

石油领域耐蚀钛合金电化学特性与选材研究

针对石油工业领域钛合金油井管选材困难的问题，本文以当前市场内较常规的四类钛及钛合金TA2(工业纯钛)、TA10(Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni)、TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)、TC4ELI(Ti-6Al-4VELI)为研究对象，利用腐蚀电化学原理分别在常温与加热状态下对上述材料进行耐蚀性能评估，腐蚀环境模拟油田井下含CO₂-H₂S-Cl^--H₂O工况。研究结果表明：常温状态下，耐蚀性能TA2最优，TC4次优，TC4ELI再次优，TA10则相对较弱；当腐蚀环境温度升高时，材料耐蚀参数较常温状态均有所降低，同时其强弱顺序与常温状态也有所不同，依据各参数可确定耐蚀能力由强到弱依次为TC4ELI、TA2、TC4、TA10。试验结果可为油井管选材提供相应理论支持。     

TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接接头显微组织和力学性能

研究TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接头焊缝的显微组织为片状α′马氏体,TC4侧靠近母材的热影响区和TA17侧靠近母材的热影响区只发生α相向β相转变,TC4侧靠近焊缝的显微组织为残余α相+针状α′马氏体,TA17侧靠近焊缝的显微组织为残余α相+片状α′马氏体。TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接头的显微硬度呈不对称分布,焊缝的显微硬度最高,TA17母材显微硬度最低。TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接接头断裂在TA17母材,断口呈现韧性断裂形貌。     

TC4/TA15异种钛合金激光焊焊缝的显微组织和高温力学性能（英文）

研究不同焊接工艺参数条件下TC4/TA15异种钛合金激光焊接接头的显微组织和高温力学性能。结果表明:TC4/TA15异种激光焊焊缝熔合区由含针状α'马氏体的粗化β柱状晶组成,热影响区主要由初始α相和β转变相组成,TA15侧热影响区的宽度窄于TC4侧热影响区的宽度。TC4/TA15异种接头的屈服强度和抗拉强度随温度的升高而降低,高温拉伸强度从高到低的顺序为TA15母材异种接头TC4母材,800°C时塑性变形程度最高。TC4/TA15异种接头横截面的最高显微硬度位于焊缝中心,热处理后接头的显微硬度整体降低,但硬度分布特征未发生改变。异种接头的高温拉伸断裂均发生在TC4母材侧,并在拉伸过程中发生明显颈缩,微观断口呈现韧性断裂特征。     

AC4CH(ZL101)合金半固态压缩变形试验

通过AC4CH合金半固态压缩试验研究,揭示AC4CH合金压缩变形特性及半固态组织演变行为.为确保压缩过程试件温度的恒定,试件在电阻炉中进行压缩变形.通过设定的温度传感器和控制装置控制二次加热的加热路径和保温温度.结果表明,变形速率对半固态合金流动应力的影响呈幂指数关系,变形速率还影响压缩试件的破裂行为.     

高氧TC4钛合金β相区变形行为研究

采用Gleeble-3800热模拟压缩试验机研究了高氧TC4钛合金在温度为990~1 030 ℃、应变速率为0.01~1.0 s-1、变形量为60%时的变形行为及微观组织特征，并构建了该合金的本构方程。结果表明，高氧TC4钛合金在β单相区变形时随着应变速率的增加和变形温度的降低，其流动应力显著增加，该合金在β相区的变形激活能为141 kJ/mol。在990~1 030 ℃加热温度下，原始β晶粒尺寸在250~255 μm范围内，晶粒尺寸对温度不敏感。随着应变速率的增大，原始β晶粒沿着垂直于压缩轴方向被拉长，在被拉长的原始β晶界上可观察到β再结晶晶粒。     

钛及钛合金的热加工

对我国变形钛及钛合金材料的热加工工艺作了较为系统的总结及阐述.     

钛及钛合金表面金属电沉积的预处理问题

分别采用大气等离子喷涂APS和带延长Laval喷嘴的大气等离子喷涂制备了Al2O3-3%TiO2涂层,对涂层的相组成、显微结构、结合强度、显微硬度等进行了评价,并和常规大气等离子喷涂氧化铝涂层的性能进行了对比,根据粒子在焰流中的特征对涂层性能差异进行了讨论。结果表明,两种Al2O3-3%TiO2涂层均以γ-Al2O3为主,其中还含有少量的α-Al2O3和微晶或非晶。带Laval喷嘴APS所制备涂层的孔隙率、显微硬度和结合强度均明显劣于普通APS涂层,但前者涂层的沉积率达到70%,明显高于后者,大大降低了涂层的生成成本。粒子特征分析表明,延长的Laval喷嘴降低了粒子在等离子焰流中的速度,延长了粒子在焰流中的停留时间,从而使涂层的结合强度和致密度降低,而使涂层沉积率有明显升高。     

钛及钛合金表面金属电沉积的预处理问题

目前钛及钛合金在国民经济和国防工业上的应用越来越广泛,为了提高和改善其使用特性,需要对其进行表面处理。金属表面电沉积是最常用且比较有效的方法,通过金属表面电沉积就可以提高和改善其功能性、装饰性、耐蚀性以及与涂覆层的结合强度。金属电沉积的关键是预处理问题,而预处理的关键是在其表面形成适宜的"活性膜"。电沉积层的性质取决于电解液的组成以及温度、pH值、电流密度、电沉积时间等因素。     

Titanium Symposium

In 1950 the Institute of Metals Div. of the AIME appointed a Committee with the somewhat unglamorous name of Professional Consciousness Committee to recommend ways by which the IMD could better serve its members and the profession at large. This committee made several recommendations, among which was the suggestion that groups be organized in new and growing fields of metallurgical interest to develop programs for and to promote discussion among those working in these fields.The first group formed was the Titanium Committee, under the leadership of Matthew A. Hunter. Those of you who were at the first symposium that this committee arranged in 1952 in Philadelphia, will readily recall that stirring session at which Dr. Hunter and others on the program unraveled the past and looked into the future of titanium. This symposium appeared in the February 1953 issue of JOURNAL OF METALS. The activities of this committee caught the interest of metallurgists everywhere and at the fall meeting in Cleveland in 1953 another successful meeting was held.The present committee, under the chairmanship of Harry Jackson, Battelle Memorial Institute, has been responsible for the organization of this Third Annual Symposium on Titanium. This timely and diversified program is divided into two parts—the session this morning at which the technical review papers were presented, and the panel discussion this afternoon which is to operate on a less formal basis.The panelists have been selected because they represent a variety of interests in titanium. There is a representative from an air frame consumer, one from a consumer of engine parts, one from a producer who is interested in peacetime applications of titanium and two other members who are also from producer organizations. The sixth member represents the military point of view. I hesitate to call them experts, or for that matter to refer to anyone as an expert in this rapidly expanding field—yet these men have developed enough background to qualify them to discuss this subject intelligently. I also know that there are many in the audience who are similarly qualified. I would guess, therefore, that among the panelists and among those in the audience we perhaps have represented most of the individuals who are active in this field.While the panel will attempt to answer the questions you propose it is entirely possible that there are areas where answers are not available for lack of knowledge, for security reasons or because the information is considered confidential.     

钛及钛合金热氧化工艺的研究现状

钛及钛合金具有良好的综合性能,但是由于本身的磨损性能差、生物活性低等缺点限制了其在某些方面的应用,而热氧化处理是近年来一种简单有效的提高钛及钛合金表面性能的改性方法。本文介绍了热氧化处理的基本原理和工艺,概述了纯钛及钛合金的热氧化处理工艺现状,分析了影响热氧化工艺的因素,并对纯钛及钛合金的热氧化工艺前景作了展望。