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针对纺织品传统剥色工艺中化学品消耗量大、能耗高、环境污染严重等问题,采用光催化技术研发了活性染料染色棉织物的水溶液浸渍光催化(即UV/H2O体系)剥色方法,探讨了水溶液中pH值、温度和剥色时间对剥色率和织物强力的影响,并通过红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜对剥色前后棉纤维结构及表面形态进行了分析。研究结果表明:采用UV/H2O体系浸渍剥色法可在活性染料染色棉织物上获得良好的剥色效果;在溶液pH值为6,剥色温度为20℃及剥色处理时间为40 min的条件下,活性染色棉织物(1%(o.m.f)活性染料M-3BE)的剥色率能达到88%,其强力保留率达到93%;与染色样相比,UV/H2O体系中短时间的光催化浸渍剥色对棉纤维的化学结构、表面形态影响相对较小。 相似文献
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采用UV/TiO2光催化体系对棉织物上偶氮活性黄X-R染料的剥色性能进行了研究,探讨了体系pH值、催化剂纳米TiO2质量浓度、剥色温度和光催化时间对染色织物剥色效果的影响。同时,对剥色织物强力保留率及其纤维表面形态变化进行了研究。研究结果表明:UV/TiO2光催化体系对棉织物上活性黄X-R染料具有良好的光催化剥色效果。其推荐剥色工艺为:体系初始pH值为6.0~8.0,纳米TiO2质量浓度为0.02~0.06 g/L,剥色温度20℃,光催化时间30~60 min。在推荐工艺条件下,棉织物上活性黄X-R染料的光催化剥色率达到68%~80%或以上,剥色织物强力保留率可达到74%~98%。同时,扫描电镜观察显示,在较短光催化时间内,棉纤维的表面形态变化不明显,但随时间延长,纤维表面出现了刻蚀、氧化等现象,纤维表面形态发生明显变化。 相似文献
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活性染色棉织物的UV/H_2O_2体系低温剥色 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用UV/H2O2体系对活性染料M-3BE染色棉织物进行低温浸轧剥色,探讨了pH值、双氧水浓度、剥色时间及轧余率等因素对剥色率及织物强力的影响,并通过FT-IR和SEM对染色及剥色后的棉纤维结构及表面形态进行了分析。结果表明,在pH值6,3mL/L30%双氧水,轧余率100%和剥色处理25min的条件下,活性染料M-3BE染色(1%,owf)棉织物的剥色率可达80%,强力保留率达90%;UV/H2O2光催化体系对棉纤维的化学结构和聚集态结构中结晶比例影响相对较小;对棉纤维表面附着的浆料等杂质也具有去除作用。 相似文献
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为提高腈纶纤维的匀染性能,利用阳离子表面活性剂的特殊结构,比较不同阳离子表面活性剂对腈纶纤维匀染性能的影响。研究二溴化N,N-二(十四烷基二甲基)-3-氧杂-1,5-戊二铵作为阳离子染料的染色助剂对腈纶纤维的匀染性能.结果发现经该双季铵盐表面活性剂处理后, 腈纶织物的匀染性能优于传统阳离子表面活性剂1227和1631处理的试样,当其浓度在1.5×10-5~2 ×10-5 mol /L 范围时,匀染性较好。这3种匀染剂对K/S值的影响排序为双季铵盐>匀染剂1631>匀染剂1227,对腈纶纤维染色匀染性影响的排序也为双季铵盐>匀染剂1631>匀染剂1227。 相似文献
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研究染色棉织物CoTSPc/H2O2/TAED催化氧化剥色剂。将四磺酸基钴酞菁(CoTSPc)吸附到活性艳红M-3BE染色后的棉织物上,与氧化剂过氧化氢(H2O2)以及过氧化氢活化剂四乙酰乙二胺(TAED)构成CoTSPc/H2O2/TAED催化氧化剥色体系,对染色棉织物进行剥色实验。研究pH值、CoTSPc浓度、H2O2浓度、TAED浓度、活化时间、剥色温度、剥色时间等因素对剥色效果的影响。通过测试染色棉织物剥色前后的K/S值下降率和断裂强力保留率对剥色效果进行综合评价。同时在最佳剥色条件下对另外4种活性染料染色后的棉织物进行剥色实验。结果表明:CoTSPc/H2O2/TAED催化氧化剥色体系对部分活性染料染色后的棉织物的剥色效果较好,且保留了较为理想的断裂强力。 相似文献
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This study focused on assessing the thermal comfort properties of the fabrics incorporating microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs) under steady-state condition. Air permeability and water vapor permeability of the fabrics were also investigated. Poly(methyl methacrylate)/n-hexadecane microcapsules were applied to the cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics using pad-cure methods. Thermal comfort properties of the fabrics were measured using Alambeta. The results indicated that the thickness of the fabrics incorporated with microcapsules increased depending on the amount of microcapsules added on the fabric. Thermal conductivity of the fabrics treated with polyurethane (PU) resin decreased while addition of microPCMs had almost no effect on the thermal conductivity. However, thermal resistance of the fabric increased as the fabric thickness increased or the thermal conductivity decreased. Air permeability and water vapor permeability of the fabrics treated with microPCMs were found to be lower than those of pristine fabrics while water vapor permeability of the fabrics treated with PU was found higher than pristine fabrics. 相似文献
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The protection of a human body against the negative environmental factors, especially the cold, is one of the crucial functions of clothing. Clothing creates a thermal barrier between the human body and the surroundings. The protective efficiency of clothing goods depends mostly on thermal insulation properties of textile materials applied in clothing. The clothing design, fitting to a user’s body, and a number of layers also play an important role in the phenomenon of the heat exchange between the human organism and its surroundings. The thermal insulation properties of textile materials can be measured by means of different testing devices, such as the “skin model,” the Alambeta, the Permetest, and the Thermo Labo. A measurement of clothing goods from the point of view of their thermal insulation is performed using a thermal manikin. The article presents an investigation of thermal insulation properties of vests by means of thermal manikin. The investigated vests have been made of different textile materials: woven and knitted. The thermal insulation properties of fabrics applied in vests have been measured by means of the Alambeta. The article presents and discusses the relationships between the thermal insulation of vests according to the thermal manikin and the thermal resistance of fabrics applied in the vests. 相似文献
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高温下辐射传热对织物热传递过程贡献显著,为此,介绍火灾高温环境下的耐高温防护织物的内部传热特点,进而提出高温下织物有效导热系数数值传热模型.针对火灾等高温环境下耐高温防护织物内部热辐射渗透衰减问题进行分析,应用有限差分法对隔热防护织物的有效导热系数模型进行数值分析.通过数值求解传热方程,计算出织物的稳态有效导热系数,且... 相似文献
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活性炭织物是一种新型的保温材料,利用管式炉将普通纯棉织物在850℃氮气保护下炭化制得活性炭织物。通过显微镜观察织物表面结构,采用红外光谱对炭化棉纤维内部官能团进行表征,并对织物的蓄热升温性能、接触热传递性能和热传导系数进行测试分析。研究结果表明,炭化后织物表面结构完好,但纤维内部基团遭到破坏,织物强力很低;活性炭织物的蓄热升温速率明显高于棉织物,能够快速达到升温平衡,减少耗能;活性炭织物的瞬态热流量比棉织物低,在接触热源过程吸收的热量少,能降低能量损失;活性炭织物的热传系数比棉织物低,和棉织物比较具有良好的隔热作用。 相似文献
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P. RICE J. D. SELMAN R. K. ABDUL-REZZAK † 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1988,23(3):281-286
Heating methods were used to measure the thermal diffusivity, specific heat and density of potatoes (c.v. Record U.K.), from 40 to 90°C and for moisture contents of 72 to 79%. Thermal conductivities were calculated: maximum thermal diffusivity was at about 70°C. 相似文献
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为更好地研究巴尔虎蒙古袍的热舒适性,揭示其对蒙古高原环境具有良好适应性的原理,采用暖体假人实验分别测试了单件蒙古袍和组合蒙古袍的热阻值,同时采用摄像法测试了巴尔虎组合蒙古袍的面积因子。采用SPSS软件分析测试结果,得到了巴尔虎蒙古袍的面积因子与热阻值之间的函数关系,并建立了基于暖体假人局部热阻值的巴尔虎蒙古袍热舒适性能预测模型。 相似文献