304奥氏体不锈钢铸锭中非金属夹杂物研究

研究304不锈钢铸锭中非金属夹杂物的类型和数量,通过示踪剂分析不锈钢中夹杂物的来源.结果表明:不锈钢铸锭中显微夹杂物主要是以Al2O3-SiO2-CaO系硅酸盐夹杂为主,粒度＜5μm的显微夹杂物中同时存在大量的镁铝尖晶石夹杂;大型夹杂物主要有两类复合夹杂物Al2O3-SiO2-CaO系夹杂、Al2O3-SiO2系夹杂;...     

低碳高锰钢20Mn2A精炼过程中夹杂物成分变化研究

通过工业试验研究了低碳高锰钢20Mn2A精炼过程夹杂物成分变化情况。结果表明：20Mn2A精炼初期主要为纯Al₂O₃夹杂物,大尺寸夹杂物主要为CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃夹杂物,且其数量较多,部分成分与炉渣成分接近,认为其来源于炉渣。随着精炼的进行,夹杂物中CaO含量逐渐增多,夹杂物逐渐转变为镁铝尖晶石及CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃系夹杂物。到精炼末期,出现大量低熔点钙铝酸盐。精炼过程中大尺寸夹杂物主要为低熔点钙铝酸盐,该类夹杂物直到精炼末期依然存在。研究认为适当降低CaO活度有利于降低LF精炼过程钢中大尺寸低熔点钙铝酸盐夹杂物的生成。     

钙处理对LG510钢夹杂物的影响及热力学分析

在热力学计算的基础上,对某厂钙处理前后的汽车大梁钢LG510进行取样研究,探讨钙处理对汽车大梁钢LG510夹杂物的影响.结果表明,钙处理后钢中Al2O3 夹杂物得到有效变性,夹杂物的数量明显减少,夹杂物尺寸也明显减小,夹杂物形状更加规则;钢液相线温度为1873K、钢中ω[Al]为0.028%时,钢中ω[O]、ω[Ca]分别控制在2.8×10^-6-11.5×10^-6、0.14×10^-6-7×10^-6范围内,Al2O3 夹杂变性效果良好;同时将钢中ω[S]控制在0.011% 以下,既可生成液态铝酸钙夹杂物,也可减少CaS夹杂生成.     

DDQ钢连铸坯洁净度

采用金相观测、扫描电镜、电子探针等方法,研究了某钢厂DDQ钢连铸坯的洁净度,对铸坯中夹杂物的数量、粒径、分布、形貌及组成等进行了讨论。研究结果表明,该DDQ钢连铸坯中w（O）〈14×10-6、w（N）=18×10-6,P、S含量低,没有进行钙处理及真空处理;夹杂物大部分在4μm以下,数量少且分布均匀;夹杂物纯Al2O3居多,有MnS夹杂及以Al2O3为中心的外面是MnS的复合夹杂     

稀土Ce对船用双相不锈钢S32550夹杂物的影响

通过真空感应炉冶炼S32550实验钢,经锻造、轧制后通过金相显微镜判断其夹杂物的数量、尺寸分布等,通过扫描电镜确定其夹杂物的形貌等.研究表明,钢中添加稀土Ce后硫含量得到显著降低,夹杂物数量先减少后增加,当稀土Ce加入过量时,钢中夹杂物将聚集长大;钢中夹杂物主要由氧化铝转变为稀土类,起到了很好的变质作用;稀土夹杂物的析出过程为Ce_2O_3首先析出,随后Ce2O2S开始析出.     

304不锈钢连铸坯中的非金属夹杂物数量分布

为研究304不锈钢连铸坯中夹杂物的数量分布,用金相检验法对铸坯中的夹杂物数量进行了统计分析.结果显示,铸坯中由外向内非金属夹杂物数量增加.304不锈钢铸坯表层中绝大多数5μm以上夹杂物为球状或近似球状的硅酸盐夹杂物.但随着凝固的进行,在铸坯内部会新生大量氧化铝、镁铝尖晶石、氮化物等点状夹杂物和不规则夹杂物.铸坯心部10μm以上的大颗粒夹杂物数量较多.     

Al 脱氧弹簧钢钙处理过程中铝酸钙硫化物析出热力学分析

通过钢液与夹杂物间的热力学平衡计算,对Al脱氧弹簧钢钙处理过程中铝酸钙硫化物的析出行为进行热力学分析,探讨[Al]、[Ca]、[S]浓度和钢液温度对Al2O3夹杂物变性行为的影响。结果表明,1600℃钢液温度下,w[Al]＝0．03％时,Al2O3生成为低熔点12CaO ·7Al2O3时的 w[Ca]＞0．0034％,其值随钢液温度降低而减小,随铝含量增大而增大。CaS析出时的临界钙含量随钢液温度降低而显著减小,当w [S ]＜0．005％时,w[Ca]随w[S]变化而显著变化。要使钢中夹杂物控制在低熔点12CaO ·7Al2O3区域,需控制w [S]＜0．0037％,该值随钢液温度的降低或铝含量的增大而减小。     

图像分析法在DIN50602-K法夹杂物检测中的应用研究

主要讨论图像分析法在DIN50602 K法夹杂物检测中的应用,其过程是通过对图像灰度的识别对夹杂物进行分类和提取,并计算夹杂物的面积,确定夹杂物种类及级别,最终得到试样的夹杂物总参数值。     

410S铁素体不锈钢连铸板坯中非金属夹杂物的分布和类型

本文用金相检验法对410 S不锈钢连铸板坯中的非金属夹杂物数量进行统计分析,研究了夹杂物的数量分布,并用扫描电镜对夹杂物成分进行研究.试验结果表明:410 S连铸板坯中夹杂物尺寸以0～10μm为主;距边部1/4位置处和中部从铸坯表层至心部非金属夹杂物数量有少量增加,沿厚度方向相同位置上夹杂物相比,中部夹杂物数量明显增加;在连铸坯表层宽度方向边部和1/4位置处各尺寸范围内的夹杂物数量差别甚小;连铸板坯中非金属夹杂物都呈现为球状,类型为CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-MnO.     

非金属夹杂物影响下SCM-420钢的失效行为

为了研究非金属夹杂物对钢内部显微组织形态的影响,利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、显微硬度计和扫描电镜EDS能谱仪对SCM-420机械结构用钢内部的夹杂物形貌、基体微观组织、失效断口进行了观察分析.研究结果表明：夹杂物主要为点状的氧化物-硅酸盐混合型、块状的氧化物型和条状的硅酸盐型;夹杂物的周围存在脱碳层,其显微组织为单相的铁素体;夹杂物与基体生成了类共晶组织;微裂纹以夹杂物和脱碳层为通道,导致SCM-420机械结构用钢的脆性断裂.     

Nonmetallic inclusions in SUS304 strip produced by twin-roll strip casting

The shape, type, content, and dimension of nonmetallic inclusions in SUS304 strip produced by twin-roll strip casting were studied using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results show that the inclusions are mainly spherical Al2O3 and complex oxides composed of MnO, Al2O3 , and SiO2. The percentage of fine oxides smaller than 3 μm reaches up to 51.8%. The theoretical calculations show that fine oxides have precipitated during solidification. Therefore, it is concluded that during twin-roll strip casting, because of high cooling rate, the size of inclusions precipitated during solidification decreases, and the amount increases.     

Inclusion variations and calcium treatment optimization in pipeline steel production

SiCa line and SiCaBaFe alloy were injected into liquid pipeline steel at the end of LF refining as calcium treatment,and samples were taken from the ladles,mould,and slabs.Analysis of Ca content and inclusions shows that Ca content in steel decreases obviously in the following process after calcium treatment; the compositions,morphology,and sizes of inclusions also vary much in the production; primary inclusions in the ladles prior to calcium treatment are mainly Al2O3 inclusions,but they turn to fine irregular CaS-CaO-Al2O3 compound inclusions after the treatment,then become fine globular CaO-Al2O3 inclusions in the mould,and finally change to a few larger irregular CaS-CaO-Al2O3 complex inclusions in the slabs.Thermodynamic study reveals that inclusion variations are related with the preferential reactions among Ca,Al2O3,and S and the precipitation of S in CaO-Al2O3 inclusions with high sulfur capacity.New evaluation standards for calcium treatment in high-grade pipeline steel were put forward according to the inclusion variations and requirements of pipeline steel on inclusion controlling,and the calcium process was studied and optimized.     

准分子激光加工陶瓷表面形貌的分形特性

根据用Talysurf表面轮廓仪测量准分子激光加工Al2O3陶瓷表面轮廓的数据，用结构函数分析了准分子激光加工陶瓷表面，采用功率谱法计算了准分子激光加工陶瓷表面轮廓的分形维数，并把计算所得的分形维数与其轮廓高度的算术平均值和均方根值进行了比较，得出它们之间为非线关系，并拟合出它们的关系式。     

神华配煤孔隙分形对燃烧特性的影响

利用氮气吸附仪、沉降炉、扫描电镜(SEM)和X-射线能谱仪(EDS)研究了动力配煤的孔隙分形结构对着火和燃烧特性的影响.对神华煤分别与准格尔煤和澳洲煤组成的配煤研究表明,配煤孔隙分形维数随单煤比例呈现出单调变化规律,并且与比表面积和比孔容积的变化规律基本一致.当神华配煤的分形维数由2.451增加到2.482和2.532时,着火温度由783 ℃降低到587 ℃和462 ℃,飞灰中碳的质量分数由3.62%减少到2.83%和1.83%,说明配煤的分形维数越大则越容易着火和燃尽.随着准格尔煤比例增加和神华煤比例减少,燃烧渣样中硅铝质量比减小且灰熔点提高,导致配煤的结渣程度明显减轻.     

Study of Pitting Morphology Fractal Characteristic of Corroded Surface of 304 Stainless Steel in FeCl3 Environment

Experiments were performed to study the pitting corrosion morphology of 304 stainless steel exposed to FeCl3 environments and SEM micrographs of the pitting corrosion morphology were obtained. The image processing technique combining with the fractal method was employed to analyze these pitting corrosion images and the self-similarity of pits morphology was observed. It indicates that fractal characteristics exist in pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel. The self-similarity and complexity of the pitting morphology phenomenon were described in terms of fractal dimension which can also be an important parameter related to characterize pitting morphology qualitatively and quantitatively.     

Fractal Characteristic of Pits Distribution on 304 Stainless Steel Corroded Surface and Its Application in Corrosion Diagnosis

Electrochemical techniques and fractal theory were employed to study the corrosion behaviors and pits distribution characteristics on the corroded surfaces of 304 stainless steel exposed in FeCl3 solution. Fractal features of pits distribution over the corroded surfaces were observed and described by the fractal dimension. A 5-8-2 back-propagation （BP） artificial neural network model for the diagnoses of the pitting corrosion rate and pits deepness of 304 stainless steel under various conditions was developed by considering the fractal dimension as a key parameter for describing the pitting corrosion characteristics. The predicted results are well in agreement with the experimental data of pitting corrosion rate and pit deepness. The max relative errors between their experimental and simulation data are 6.69% and 4.62%, respectively.     

水洗脱附条件下改性活性炭脱硫中的分形传质特性研究

对MHY30型活性炭进行水蒸气活化,采用HNO3氧化和H2O2氧化两种方法进行改性,在水洗脱附的条件下,对改性前后活性炭的表面分形维数进行了实验测试,并对渗透率的影响因素进行了分析.实验结果表明,水洗脱附条件下活性炭的分形维数与反应中间过程中能被有效利用的吸附场所密切相关,H2O2改性方法能有效提高分形维数和活性炭吸附...     

Microstructure analysis of AISI 304 stainless steel produced by twin-roll thin strip casting process

The microstructure of AISI 304 austenite stainless steel fabricated by the thin strip casting process were investigated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructures of the casting strips show a duplex structure consisting of delta ferrite and austenite. The volume fraction of the delta ferrite is about 9.74vol% at the center and 6.77vol% at the surface of the casting thin strip, in vermicular and band shapes. On account of rapid cooling and solidification in the continuous casting process, many kinds of inclusions and precipitates have been found. Most of the inclusions and precipitates are spherical complex compounds consisting of oxides, such as, SiO2, MnO, Al2O3, Cr2O3, and FeO or their multiplicity oxides of MnO·Al2O3, 2FeO·SiO2, and 2MnO·SiO2. Many defects including dislocations and stacking faults have also formed during the rapid cooling and solidification process, which is helpful to improve the mechanical properties of the casting strips.     

LD-BAr-CC工艺生产低碳铝镇静钢纯净度研究

研究武汉钢铁股份有限公司炼钢总厂四分厂LD-BAr-CC工艺条件下生产的低碳铝镇静钢的纯净度,分析各工艺阶段钢中显微夹杂、大型夹杂以及全氧、氮含量的变化情况。结果表明,在该厂现行工艺条件下,采用吹氩工艺可明显降低钢中夹杂物含量和全氧含量,全氧含量从精炼前的109.30×10-6降至30.75×10-6。各工序中钢的显微夹杂物主要为Al2O3和SiO2,这是脱氧产物和钢液二次氧化产物在钢中的残留物;大型夹杂物主要是Al2O3、SiO2以及硅铝酸盐等复合夹杂,与浮渣的卷入有很大关系。