EPDM／NBR并用胶增容体系的研究

采用ＨＡＡＫＥ扭矩流变仪考察了不同的增容剂对ＥＰＤＭ／ＮＢＲ并用胶混炼特性及硫化特性的影响．并采用溶解凝胶法进行了验证实验。同时研究了不同增容剂及其用量对并用胶力学性能的影响。结果表明：增容剂ＥＶＡ－１４、ＥＶＡ─２８、ＣＰＥ及磺化乙丙橡胶（Ｓ─ＥＰＤＭ）均能改善ＥＰＤＭ／ＮＢＲ体系的相容性．但ＥＶＡ－１４的增容效果更好；加入增容剂后并用体系的均化分散时间明显缩短，交联程度得到了提高。     

NBR／EPDM共混橡胶

ＮＢＲ／ＥＰＤＭ共混橡胶《弹性体》１９９３，№１报导，北京化工学院利用商品化高聚物ＥＶＡ－１４作增容剂，制得了优异机械性能的ＮＢＲ／ＥＰＤＭ共混胶。胶料配方为：ＮＢＲ６０，ＥＰＤＭ３０，ＥＶＡ－１４１０，ＨＡＦ３０，ＤＢＰ１０，防ＲＤ１．０，ＺｎＯ５...     

低密度聚乙烯接枝烯基双酚A醚对HDPE／PC共混体系性能的影响

本文采用烯基双酚Ａ醚接枝低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ）作为高密度聚乙烯／聚碳酸酯（ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ）共混体系的增容剂,初步研究了ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ体系性能的影响。通过对共混物形态观察、耐热性能及力学性能测试,发现ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ体系有良好的增容效果;并发现了增容剂的最佳用量质量比大致为１０％,提高增容剂的接枝率更有利于改善共混物的性能。６５／３５ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ共混物的ＨＤＴ为９２℃,拉伸强度３０２ＭＰａ,冲击强度２９８ｋＪ／ｍ２,分别比未加增容剂时的８２℃,２７３ＭＰａ和１５５ｋＪ／ｍ２有较大提高。     

熔融挤出接枝法制备HDPE／PA1010增容剂MPE

本文介绍用ＤＣＰＯ作引发剂，通过熔融挤出接枝法制备ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系增容剂ＭＰＥ的工艺研究。实验结果表明，通过熔融挤出法可将ＭＡＨ单体接枝于ＨＤＰＥ，接枝率和ＭＩ受挤出温度、螺杆转速、ＤＣＰＯ和ＭＡＨ用量的影响，其最佳工艺条件为：挤出温度范围１８０～２２０℃，螺杆转速２５ｒ／ｍｉｎ，ＤＣＰＯ和ＭＡＨ用量分别为０．３份和１．０～１．３份（树脂用量为１００份）。文中还对ＨＤＰＥ融熔挤出接枝     

原位增容HDPE／PET共混体系反应挤出形态结构的研究

通过扫描电镜照片（ＳＥＭ）研究了ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ共混体系在双螺杆反应挤出过程中,共混合金冲击断面的形态特征。结果表明,增容剂ＥＶＡ或ＥＡＡ均对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ共混体系具有一定的增容作用;使分散相颗粒减小,且变得较为均匀,两相界面变得模糊,界面粘结力增强。其中,ＥＡＡ的增容效果优于ＥＶＡ。在此增容的基础上,选用有机化合物Ｄ作为催化剂,在熔融加工的过程中,使ＰＥＴ与ＥＶＡ或ＥＡＡ发生酯交换或酸－酯交换反应,生成ＰＥＴ－ＥＶＡ或ＰＥＴ－ＥＡＡ接枝共聚物,达到了原位增容ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ共混体系的目的,从而进一步改善了体系的相容性,共混体系的力学性能也得到了有效的提高     

聚甲醛和高密度聚乙烯共混改性的研究

本文对ＰＯＭ／ＨＤＰＥ／增容剂Ｚ－２共混体系进行了研究．研究结果表明：随着ＨＤＰＥ用量的增加，共混体系的拉伸强度下降，缺口冲击强度出现峰值，流动性增大，密度降低，线膨胀系数增加．当ＰＯＭ／ＨＤＰＥ／Ｚ－２＝１００／３／７时，共混物的缺口冲击强度达最大值．     

阻隔性HDPE／MPE／PA1010共混体系的研究

用挤出法以马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）接枝高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）为增容剂（ＭＰＥ），ＰＡ１０１０为阻隔组分，ＨＤＰＥ为基料，制取了ＨＤＰＥ／ＭＰＥ／ＰＡ１０１０共混材料。研究了挤出温度、ＭＰＥ用量、ＰＡ１０１０含量对其阻隔性能的影响，比较了几种不同渗透体系的吸油率和渗透损失量。     

POM／LDPE共混改性新品级的研究

本文对ＰＯＭ／ＬＤＰＥ／增容剂共混增容改性进行了研究，研究结果表明：增容剂的加入，使ＰＯＭ／ＬＤＰＥ体系中ＬＤＰＥ分散均匀，ＰＯＭ球晶细化，物理力学性能得到改善，且增容剂的用量控制在５－７％为最佳。所研制的新品级的主要性能指标为：拉伸强度５０－６０ＭＰａ，缺口冲击强度≥１２ｋＪ／ｍ＾２，制作的小模数齿轮精度等级达７级，摩擦系数为０．２０－０．３０。     

高密度聚乙烯／聚碳酸酯共混体系性能的初步研究

本文介绍发不同牌号高密度聚乙烯和聚碳酸酯对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ共混物性能的影响结果。同时以ＰＥ接枝马来酸酐和自ＰＥ接枝烯丙基双酚Ａ醚及ＰＥ接枝烯丙基双酚Ａ作为增容剂，研究了不同增容剂、ＰＣ含量和增容剂含量对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ共混物力学和热性能的影响。     

PVC／LLDPE／EVA／交联剂共混体系中增容－交联协同作用的研究

本文讨论了ＰＶＣ／ＬＬＤＰＥ共混体系中，ＥＶＡ、交联剂对共混物力学性能、相形态的影响。ＥＶＡ作增容剂，能与交联剂发生协同作用，改善ＰＶＣ、ＬＬＤＰＥ的两相分散性，增强两相粘接力，大幅度提高共混物的强度和韧性。     

A probe into the status quo of interfacial adhesion in the compatibilized ternary blends with core/shell droplets: Selective versus dictated compatibilization

A simple approach was applied to probe into the situation of interfacial adhesion in the compatibilized ternary polymer blends with core/shell morphology. The performance of compatibilization was discussed in terms of thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties analyses for blends prepared through different mixing strategies for which maleic anhydride‐grafted high‐density polyethylene (HDPE‐g‐MAH) could be localized at the interface of HDPE/poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) copolymer (EVOH) or HDPE/polyamide 6 (PA‐6) in their ternary blends. Two mixing strategies, one simultaneously (one‐step or selective) and two sequentially (two‐step or dictated), were performed, compared, and discussed. It was found that mixing policy (dictated or selective) significantly changes the interfacial adhesion, as signaled by variations in rheological and thermal properties. In the case of mechanical properties, facilitation of stress transfer across the matrix/shell/core interfaces was detected by calculation of semi‐experimental models' coefficients. It was found that one‐step mixing or selective localization of HDPE‐g‐MAH helps in accumulation of more compatibilizer molecules at the interface HDPE/EVOH or EVOH/PA‐6. By contrast, addition of compatibilizer to minor phase (masterbatch of EVOH and PA‐6) or to HDPE matrix alone in case of two‐step blending causes imperfect stress transfer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45503.     

新型EVOH/PE⁃RT合金包覆PE⁃RT双层阻氧管的制备及性能研究

针对市场上常见的阻氧管存在难以热熔回收再用的问题,制备了新型乙烯?乙烯醇共聚物（EVOH）/耐热聚乙烯（PE?RT）合金包覆PE?RT双层阻氧管,其内层工作管为PE?RT材质,外层为EVOH/PE?RT合金阻隔材料;研究了EVOH和相容剂含量对EVOH/PE?RT合金阻隔膜阻氧性能的影响,并对新型双层阻氧管的氧气透过量和热熔回收情况以及新型双层阻氧管回收料的力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,EVOH/PE?RT合金阻隔膜的氧气透过量随EVOH含量的增加而降低,随相容剂含量的增加而上升;含30 %（质量分数,下同）EVOH、64 % PE?RT和6 %相容剂的新型双层阻氧管的氧气透过量接近市售3层、5层阻氧管,并且能够实现热熔回收,回收料具有较好的力学性能。     

改性HDPE阻隔容器开发

以高密度聚乙烯和尼龙为主要原料，接枝聚乙烯为相容剂，采用吹塑成型工艺制备了具有层状结构的阻隔性容器。通过扫描电子显微镜对阻隔容器壁面的结构形态进行了分析，并对阻隔容器的阻渗性能进行了测定。尼龙分散相在基体中形成了层状分布，对二甲苯的渗透性起到明显的阻隔作用，相容剂质量分数为８％时渗透率最小。将ＨＤＰＥ、ＰＡ、相容剂等经机械混合后，直接熔融挤出吹塑成型的阻隔容器渗透率仅为０．３％。     

HDPE／EVOH共混阻透容器的研制

将HDPE、EVOH和PE－g-MAH等混合后，吹瓶制成共混阻透容器，考察了EVOH和PE－g-MAH的用量及成型工艺对容器阻透性能的影响。结果表明，较低的增容剂用量和剪切速率及在适当的温度下制备的容器，其阻透性能得到大幅度提高。     

PP/EVOH/PA6共混物的性能研究

以聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)为相容剂,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH/)聚酰胺6(PA6)共混物,研究了PP/EVOH/PA6三元共混物的相容性、流变性能、阻隔性能、力学性能、热性能及形态结构。结果表明:相容剂与EVOH和PA6间发生了反应,提高了共混物的相容性;相容剂的加入提高了PP、EVOH、PA6的结晶温度,增强了PP与EVOH和PA6间的黏合力,降低了界面张力;EVOH占EVOH/PA6总量68%的三元共混物吸油率最小,当相容剂用量为5份时,PP/EVOH/PA6三元共混物吸油率比PP/EVOH二元共混物降低了8%。     

Preparation and properties of polyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene/near infrared reflective pigment composites

Polyethylene terephthalate/high density polyethylene (PET/HDPE) composites containing a near infrared reflective (NIR, nickel antimony titanium yellow rutile) pigment was prepared using ethylene‐glycidyl methacrylate‐vinyl acetate (EGMA‐VA) as a compatibilizer to increase the infrared reflection of PET/HDPE and limit the thermal heat accumulation in light of environmental and energy conservation concerns. HDPE was premixed with NIR to form N‐HDPE masterbatch. A good interfacial bonding between PET matrix and HDPE dispersed phase with the help of compatibilizer was confirmed through Fourier transform‐infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and torque rheometer. For PET/N‐HDPE composites, the major X‐ray diffraction peaks and melting behaviors remained unchanged, indicating the limited alternation of crystalline structure for the composite systems with or without compatibilizer. The observed increment in the crystallization temperature of PET for the investigated PET/N‐HDPE composites was mainly due to the nucleation role of both inorganic NIR and HDPE. Tensile strength and elongation at break for compatibilized cases at various N‐HDPE contents conferred higher values than those of the corresponding counterparts without compatibilizer. Yet, Young's modulus for compatibilized systems was about 40% lower than that for systems without compatibilizer, attributed to the rubbery nature of EGMA‐VA. With the inclusion of NIR into HDPE to form PET/N‐HDPE composites with or without EGMA‐VA compatibilizer, the values of reflectance increased to a great degree. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40830.     

Compatibilization of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) and EVOH–HDPE blends: Structure and properties

Hydrogenated and maleated S-B-S block copolymer (SEBS-g-MA) was applied as a compatibilizer in melt-mixed binary blends with poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) and in ternaries containing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as the major component. The techniques applied were dynamic, mechanical, and tensile testing; differential thermal analysis; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; and optical and electron microscopy (SEM). Small and large deformation behavior under dynamic and static mode, coupled with other physical characterization data, as well as morphological evidence, demonstrated that SEBS-g-MA is an efficient compatibilizer in the binary and ternary blends. In the latter, its function is the coupling of EVOH with the HDPE matrix, thus reducing the moisture sensitivity of the former and the improvement of performance-to-cost ratio of the final product. After leaching out EVOH from the ternaries, morphology examination of the cross section of films, showed a laminar EVOH phase distribution, a feature desirable in barrier materials applications. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 589–596, 1998     

Barrier property by controlled laminar morphology of LLDPE/EVOH blends

Using the extrusion blown film process, we obtained linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylenevinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) blends with an improved barrier property by generating a laminar structure of the dispersed phase in the matrix phase. This laminar morphology induced by drawing and blowing was found to result in a significant decrease in toluene permeability with only 10 wt% EVOH. Effects of compatibilizer content and processing parameters such as blending sequence, screw configuration, and stretch ratio on the toluene permeability and morphology of the blends were investigated. It was revealed that the optimum amount of compatibilizer, maleic anhydride grafted LLDPE, should be used to improve the barrier property of the LLDPE/EVOH blends with a well developed laminar structure. The blending sequence had a significant influence on the permeability of the blends. The blend films exhibited a more pronounced laminar structure when all blend components were simultaneously melt blended in a single screw extruder. In addition, the screw configuration designed to impart a low shear stress and the balanced stretching in the machine and transverse directions were more favorable processing conditions in obtaining high barrier blends.     

阻隔改性组分PA6对HDPE/PA6合金性能的影响

研究了ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６合金阻隔改性组分ＰＡ６的筛选及其含量对该合金阻隔性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，在增容剂的条件下，具有适当粘度的ＰＡ６能与ＨＤＰＥ共混制得宏观均匀的合金材料；ＰＡ６含量对共混体系的阻隔性能影响显著；当ＰＡ６占３０份以上时，ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６合金阻隔非极性溶剂的性能大幅度提高，同时，ＰＡ６的加入对合金有一定的增强作用。     

Morphological, Thermal, Barrier and Mechanical Properties of LDPE/EVOH Blends in Extruded Blown Films

We have investigated the morphological, thermal, barrier, and mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene/ethylene–vinyl alcohol blend (LDPE/EVOH; 85/15 wt%) in highly and biaxially oriented blown films. Maleic anhydride-grafted linear low-density polyethylene (LDPE-g-MAH) in various concentrations (from 0 to 10 phr) was used as the compatibilizer for the immiscible system. Thermal analysis of the blend films shows that their melting temperatures, crystallization temperatures, and heats of fusion stay almost constant upon varying the amount of compatibilizer. The addition of the compatibilizer did not adversely affect the inherent properties of the blends, especially their barrier properties, through constraint effects of the grafted EVOH (EVOH-g-LD). The heat of fusion of EVOH obtained during the first heating is much higher than that of the second as a result of stress-induced crystallization during the blown film process. Oxygen permeation measurements show that the oxygen barrier properties of both highly and biaxially oriented blown films decrease upon increasing the amount of compatibilizer, although morphological analysis showed that the blends exhibit better laminar dispersion of the EVOH phase in the LDPE matrix when LDPE-g-MAH is added. The increase in oxygen permeability results from the presence of microvoids at the interface between the two phases during the process. Mechanical measurements showed that there exists an optimal amount of LDPE-g-MAH for maximizing both the tensile and tear properties in both the machine and transverse directions.