铣削参数对航空铝合金薄壁件表面粗糙度的影响

以7050-T7451航空铝合金薄壁件为试验对象,运用单因素实验方法对其进行高速铣削试验,研究了铣削速度、每齿进给量、铣削深度和铣削宽度四个铣削参数与薄壁件表面粗糙度之间的变化规律。研究结果表明:铣削速度对表面粗糙度的影响很小,基本可忽略;表面粗糙度随每齿进给量和铣削深度的增加而增大;铣削宽度增大时,表面粗糙度先增大后减小,铣削宽度超过5 mm后,表面粗糙度基本不变,对于保证加工质量具有重要意义。     

基于单因素法对7A09铝合金铣削表面质量的研究

目的通过对工件表面粗糙度、表面形貌和残余应力的分析,探究铣削用量对7A09铝合金铣削表面质量的影响,从而为7A09铝合金铣削加工表面质量的控制提供一定的理论基础。方法基于KVC800-1型数控加工中心,采用单因素法对7A09铝合金进行平面铣削试验,试验变量为铣削速度、每齿进给量和铣削深度,以此便可得平面铣削中铣削用量对7A09铝合金已加工表面质量的影响规律。结果7A09铝合金的表面粗糙度随铣削速度的增大和每齿进给量的降低而得以改善,但铣削深度对表面粗糙度的影响则较小。由已加工面的二维轮廓图和三维表面形貌图可知,铣削加工后,工件表面出现明显的犁沟,且沿进给方向的波峰和波谷都在一定范围内起伏变化,呈现出明显的规律性。当铣削用量改变时,其残余应力曲线均呈"勺"形分布,且残余应力对铣削速度和每齿进给量的变化都较为敏感,而对铣削深度的敏感性则较低。结论通过分析铣削用量对7A09铝合金已加工表面质量的影响,得出vc=240m/min、fz=0.14mm/z、ap=0.15 mm时,工件可获得最佳表面质量。     

基于GA-BP的6061Al切削参数优化

针对6061Al铣削中表面粗糙度预测精度低、切削参数选择不合理的问题,提出一种基于遗传神经网络与遗传算法结合的优化模型,对6061Al切削参数进行优化。采用遗传神经网络(GA-BP)构建表面粗糙度预测模型;基于表面粗糙度预测,以材料去除率为目标函数构建切削参数优化模型;利用遗传算法进行优化求解,对6061Al切削参数进行优化。研究结果表明:所建预测模型表面粗糙度预测精度在97%以上;同时,优化模型能优化6061Al切削参数,达到较好的全局寻优效果,为铝合金工件铣削加工切削参数优化提供参考。     

铣削7075铝合金表面粗糙度试验研究

为进一步探究加工参数与7075铝合金表面粗糙度之间的变化关系。开展铣削7075铝合金表面粗糙度试验,基于单因素试验结果分析加工参数与表面粗糙度之间的影响规律,基于含有交互作用的正交试验结果,分析各加工因素最优参数水平,构建表面粗糙度二、三阶响应曲面预测模型。研究表明:表面粗糙度随着切削速度、进给量、切削深度的逐渐增加而增大;表面粗糙度各因素的最优参数水平为A2B1C1;对比分析F值、复相关系数,表面粗糙度三阶响应曲面预测模型优于二阶。确定的最优预测模型为深入研究加工参数与表面粗糙度之间变化关系奠定了理论基础。     

基于正交试验法的高速铣削工艺参数优化设计

文章使用硬质合金刀具对铝合金(2A70)叶轮进行高速铣削试验,研究分析了不同的切削参数的选择对叶轮叶片加工的表面粗糙度影响.首先采用多因素的正交试验分析了各因素对高速铣削过程中四个目标值的影响;然后利用极差分析方法分析试验结果,指出各个因素对表面粗糙度影响的主次顺序,并确定最优的切削生产条件.试验结果表明:对于铝合金叶片等曲面的加工选择合理的切削参数范围可以获得最小加工表面粗糙度,对于叶片类曲面的高速铣削参数优选具有一定的指导意义.     

航空铝合金腹板铣削加工的表面粗糙度的研究

以7050-T7451航空铝合金腹板为研究对象,并通过高速铣削试验,分析铣削力、刀具副偏角和每齿进给量对腹板表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:表面粗糙度随铣削力、刀具副偏角和每齿进给量的增大而增大;随铣削深度ap的增大,表面粗糙度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且当ap2.4mm,表面粗糙度基本不受其影响。研究结论对生产实践有重要的指导意义。     

微细超声辅助高速微槽铣削加工工艺研究

为了提高6061铝合金板微铣削槽加工质量,搭建一种轴向超声振动辅助高速微槽铣削实验装置。设计单因素实验探究主轴转速、超声功率、进给率三个因素对微槽顺铣侧毛刺长度和底面粗糙度的影响规律。制定正交实验寻求主轴转速、超声功率、进给率三个因素的共同作用对微槽底面粗糙度的影响效应,做显著性检验,寻找最优水平组合。实验结果表明:单因素实验中,相对高的主轴转速、适中的进给率、适中的超声功率铣削出的微槽顺铣侧毛刺较少、毛刺长度较短,相对低的转速、相对小的进给率、适中的超声功率铣削出的微槽底面粗糙度较小。正交实验中,主轴转速和超声功率值的变化对微槽底面粗糙度影响显著,通过正交分析与方差分析,最终确定出最优水平组合。     

新型铝合金化学抛光工艺研究

设计了硫酸体系化学抛光液,包含硫酸、铝盐、过硫酸钠和六次甲基四胺。通过正交试验确定了配方中各物质的最佳含量,并通过单因素试验获得了最佳的工艺条件。结果表明:最优工艺下,经过对6061铝合金抛光,发现试样表面平整、光亮、均匀,降低了样品的粗糙度,具有较高的光泽度和较低的溶蚀性。此抛光体系对6061铝合金具有较好的抛光效果。     

PAC5000模具钢的高速铣削加工试验研究

对PAC5000模具钢进行高速铣削单因素及正交试验研究,建立铣削力、表面粗糙度和表面残余应力的回归数学模型,分析各铣削参数对铣削力、表面粗糙度和表面残余应力的影响规律及影响程度。结果表明:铣削力、表面粗糙度随铣削速度的增加而减小,随背吃刀量、每齿进给量和侧吃刀量的增加而增大,各铣削参数对轴向铣削力的影响均很大,侧吃刀量是影响轴向铣削力的最主要因素;对平行和垂直于进给方向上的表面粗糙度最敏感的铣削参数分别是每齿进给量和背吃刀量,并且,对垂直于进给方向上的表面粗糙度影响最大;平行于铣削方向上的残余应力表现为压应力,垂直于铣削方向的残余应力表现为拉应力,提高铣削速度,可减小残余应力。     

高速铣削模具钢3Cr2NiMo表面粗糙度试验研究

采用单因素试验法和正交试验法,在高速加工中心上对模具钢3Cr2NiMo进行切削试验,通过改变影响加工过程的切削参数:主轴转速、进给速度、轴向切削深度和径向切削深度,研究了影响工件加工表面粗糙度值程度的因素。结果表明:增大机床的主轴转速,粗糙度值显著降低,而增大进给速度、轴向铣削深度,粗糙度值增大,但增大的幅度不同,径向铣削深度的影响不明显。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.