基于SVM的高分时序冬小麦种植区提取研究

冬小麦作为我国重要的粮食作物,准确获取其空间分布情况,对农业生产管理及农情监测有重要意义。以河南省商丘市为例,利用覆盖冬小麦完整生育期的GF-1数据,计算归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）、增强植被指数（Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI）时间序列,结合关键生育期影像,构建不同特征量组合数据集,利用支持向量机方法进行冬小麦提取。同时采用主成分分析法对数据进行降维处理,尝试通过压缩特征集数据量来提高冬小麦提取效率。研究结果表明：EVI时序数据较NDVI能更好地描述作物的物候,提取精度皆高于NDVI,其中EVI时序数据与关键生育期影像组合提取精度最高,达到97.67%。结果表明,降维后数据并未对提取精度造成显著影响,达到压缩数据量保持提取精度的目的,为大区域作物提取提供参考价值。     

冬小麦播期的卫星遥感及应用

播种日期对冬小麦生长发育、产量和品质形成均有一定的影响。利用2003年拔节期的Landsat TM卫星的NDVI数据．成功地监测了冬小麦的播种日期。提出了基于NDVI和播种日期的冬小麦的遥感估产的优化模型，并在抽穗期至乳熟期的3次生育期的遥感估产中得到了成功验证与应用。利用出粉率与播种日期的显相关特性，采用拔节期的Landsat TM卫星的NDVI数据，成功预测了小麦籽粒的出粉率。     

基于不同植被指数的重庆地区物候参数提取对比研究

基于不同植被指数提取物候参数是分析长时间物候变化的重要基础。以多云雾的重庆地区为例，使用2010～2019年MODIS NDVI/EVI/EVI2共3种长时序的植被指数数据，通过D-L滤波方法分析了不同植被指数特征；并使用动态阈值法和趋势分析法，对比研究了基于3种植被指数提取的物候参数结果及其随不同地形因子的分异规律，结果如下：(1)EVI和EVI2的时间序列拟合曲线比NDVI的拟合曲线更加平滑，3种植被指数原始值与拟合值的差值主要分布为NDVI(0.05～0.18)、EVI(0.03～0.11)、EVI2(0.03～0.1)。(2)基于3种植被指数提取的物候参数在空间分布和变化趋势上呈现一致性，其中EVI和EVI2提取的植被指数参数皆相近，相差5d之内占比79%以上，SOSEVI2变化显著性区域所占比面积最高（16.36%）,SOSNDVI最低为12.37%。(3)SOS随海拔升高而推迟，EOS随海拔升高先延后再提前，LOS随海拔升高先延长后缩短，且EOSNDVI、LOSNDVI随着海拔增加分别与EOSEVI/EOSEVI2、LOSEVI/LOSEVI2差异增大，不同植被类型上，EV...     

21世纪初中国农作物与自然植被物候时空差异

利用离散小波方法对2001~2012年MODIS EVI时序数据进行平滑,基于动态阈值法提取我国植被物候信息,探讨农作物和自然植被物候的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)我国第一季农作物开始、峰值和结束日期主要以华北平原为中心随海拔的上升而推迟,而自然植被物候更早20d左右,且随海拔的上升先推迟后提前;(2)物候在时序上有显著变化的第一季区域,43.98%开始日期、52.83%峰值日期呈现提前趋势,多在开始晚、结束早的西南区及东北与内蒙古交界处,其余区域开始、峰值日期及81.80%结束日期呈推迟趋势,发生在开始早、结束晚的黄土高原及双季农作区;农作物物候推迟幅度小于自然植被。     

基于NDVI数据的三江平原农田物候监测

物候现象被称为气候变化的积分仪,研究农田物候现象对农业生产有重要的指导意义。多时相遥感影像使区域物候监测成为可能。利用傅里叶级数对MODIS NDVI数据进行平滑,结合地面观测资料,采用动态阈值法提取物候信息,并与实际观测结果进行比较分析。研究结果表明:三江平原大部分农作物在第120~130 d开始生长,在第250~260 d左右停止生长,2003年三江平原农作物开始生长和结束的时间较早,2005年开始生长日期比2003年有所推迟,2007年农作物开始生长的日期早于2005年,但生长季结束的日期比2003年和2005年都晚,2007年生长季长度较长。采用MODIS NDVI数据获取的物候参数具有一定的可靠性,在农田大面积分布区域监测结果更为准确。
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基于时序定量遥感的冬小麦长势监测与估产研究

遥感技术是高效、客观监测农作物生长状态的重要手段,对农业生产管理具有重要意义。以安徽龙亢农场为研究区,收集了中高分辨率多源卫星遥感数据并进行了定量化处理,构建了冬小麦叶绿素密度、叶面积指数的遥感反演模型,生产了长时序冬小麦植被参数卫星遥感产品。通过监测冬小麦叶绿素密度、叶面积指数的时序变化规律,分析了不同品种冬小麦的长势情况,发现高产量小麦在越冬期长势显著优于低产量小麦。在此基础上,构建了基于归一化植被指数（NDVI）的冬小麦估产模型,结果表明：利用小麦抽穗期和乳熟期的累计NDVI值可以实现产量的精确估算,据此绘制了龙亢农场2017年冬小麦产量遥感估算地图,产量分布与实际种植情况吻合良好。实现了基于时序卫星定量遥感数据的冬小麦长势监测和产量预测,为区域范围内农作物长势监测提供了一种有效途径。     

基于时序定量遥感的冬小麦长势监测与估产研究

遥感技术是高效、客观监测农作物生长状态的重要手段，对农业生产管理具有重要意义。以安徽龙亢农场为研究区，收集了中高分辨率多源卫星遥感数据并进行了定量化处理，构建了冬小麦叶绿素密度、叶面积指数的遥感反演模型，生产了长时序冬小麦植被参数卫星遥感产品。通过监测冬小麦叶绿素密度、叶面积指数的时序变化规律，分析了不同品种冬小麦的长势情况，发现高产量小麦在越冬期长势显著优于低产量小麦。在此基础上，构建了基于归一化植被指数（NDVI）的冬小麦估产模型，结果表明：利用小麦抽穗期和乳熟期的累计NDVI值可以实现产量的精确估算，据此绘制了龙亢农场2017年冬小麦产量遥感估算地图，产量分布与实际种植情况吻合良好。实现了基于时序卫星定量遥感数据的冬小麦长势监测和产量预测，为区域范围内农作物长势监测提供了一种有效途径。     

基于时序定量遥感的冬小麦长势监测与估产研究

遥感技术是高效、客观监测农作物生长状态的重要手段,对农业生产管理具有重要意义。以安徽龙亢农场为研究区,收集了中高分辨率多源卫星遥感数据并进行了定量化处理,构建了冬小麦叶绿素密度、叶面积指数的遥感反演模型,生产了长时序冬小麦植被参数卫星遥感产品。通过监测冬小麦叶绿素密度、叶面积指数的时序变化规律,分析了不同品种冬小麦的长势情况,发现高产量小麦在越冬期长势显著优于低产量小麦。在此基础上,构建了基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)的冬小麦估产模型,结果表明:利用小麦抽穗期和乳熟期的累计NDVI值可以实现产量的精确估算,据此绘制了龙亢农场2017年冬小麦产量遥感估算地图,产量分布与实际种植情况吻合良好。实现了基于时序卫星定量遥感数据的冬小麦长势监测和产量预测,为区域范围内农作物长势监测提供了一种有效途径。     

基于Sentinel-1/2影像的水稻种植面积提取方法研究——以三江平原为例

水稻是中国主要粮食作物之一，稻米产量关系到民生福祉。及时、准确地获取水稻种植面积信息及其空间分布状况对于区域农业发展规划和产量评估具有重要意义。针对水稻与其他农作物易混以及光学数据易受云雨天气影响等问题，以东北三江平原为例，利用中高分辨率Sentinel-1微波数据、Sentinel-2光学数据，分别构建时序水体指数SDWI和植被指数NDVI组成水稻完整的物候生长曲线，分析水稻移栽期、分蘖期、抽穗期、成熟期4个重要生长时期不同的光谱差异，通过阈值分割和组合不同时期的数据，来实现水稻不同物候时期种植面积的提取，并与传统的基于单一光学数据的方法进行对比。研究结果表明：经过地表样本点的验证，所构建方法可以精确提取三江平原水稻几个关键生育期的种植面积并且优于单一使用光学数据的方法。同时利用单生育期影像例如移栽期影像提取水稻面积也可使总体精度达到87.08%，随着生育期数据的完整，总体精度也不断提高，其中基于全生育期的面积提取总体精度也高达91.88%,Kappa系数为0.834，可以满足实际应用需求。因此这种的多源数据结合的水稻种植面积提取方法能够准确、高效地提取三江平原水稻不同物候时期种植面...     

基于数字相机的草地物候模拟及其与气象因子关系的研究

研究植被物候及其与气候之间的关系对于理解全球生态环境变化意义重大。近地面数字相机凭借其监测频率高、数据质量好等优势已成为一种有效的监测植被物候的遥感平台。以北美地区瓦瑞(Vaira Ranch)牧场为例,对研究区植被的春季生长情况进行监测,利用近地表数字相机获取的影像计算绿度相对亮度(Greenness Chromaticity Coordinates,Gcc)并构成时间序列,模拟植被春季物候,将所得植被物候信息分别与地面同步实测的总初级生产力(Gross Primary Production,GPP)以及气象数据进行对比分析。结果表明:研究区植被春季生长季开始于第20d,结束于第145d,Gcc与GPP的总体相关性为0.88,二者提取的7项物候指标平均相对差异为0.05;降雨、土壤湿度、空气温度、土壤温度、太阳辐射通量对植被生长存在影响:空气温度、土壤温度、太阳辐射通量三者整体对于Gcc变化的解释力为91.3%,其中,气温和土温的单因子解释力分别为30.9%和49.0%,此外,由于水分缺乏,降水成为制约研究区植被生长的重要因素。     

Phenology of vegetation in Southern England from Envisat MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index (MTCI) data

Given the close association between climate change and vegetation response, there is a pressing requirement to monitor the phenology of vegetation and understand further how its metrics vary over space and time. This article explores the use of the Envisat MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index (MTCI) data set for monitoring vegetation phenology, via its estimates of chlorophyll content. The MTCI was used to construct the phenological profile of and extract key phenological event dates from woodland and grass/heath land in Southern England as these represented a range of chlorophyll contents and different phenological cycles. The period 2003–2008 was selected as this was known to be a period with temperature and phenological anomalies. Comparisons of the MTCI-derived phenology data were made with ground indicators and climatic proxy of phenology and with other vegetation indices: MERIS global vegetation index (MGVI), MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and MODIS enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Close correspondence between MTCI and canopy phenology as indicated by ground observations and climatic proxy was evident. Also observed was a difference between MTCI-derived phenological profile curves and key event dates (e.g. green-up, season length) and those derived from MERIS MGVI, MODIS NDVI and MODIS EVI. The research presented in this article supports the use of the Envisat MTCI for monitoring vegetation phenology, principally due to its sensitivity to canopy chlorophyll content, a vegetation property that is a useful proxy for the canopy physical and chemical alterations associated with phenological change.     

不同等级石漠化区MODIS-NDVI与MODIS-EVI对比分析

利用2001～2010年10 a的MODIS资料,比较分析广西喀斯特不同等级石漠化区MODIS\|NDVI和MODIS\|EVI的时间变化特征差异,利用全时间序列及16 d10 a均值序列分析NDVI和EVI之间的相关关系,比较线性及对数相关模型对两种植被指数相关关系的拟合效果,结果表明:石漠化等级由重度到潜在,两者之间的差值也随着植被覆盖度的增加而增大,植被覆盖度越低,NDVI和EVI所表征的植被变化特征越相似。NDVI的峰值出现时间多晚于EVI且其反映的植被变化趋势与实况更吻合,但其NDVI偏高;各等级石漠化的两种时间序列NDVI与EVI的对数相关关系优于线性相关,两种植被指数的相关性随着植被覆盖度的降低而增大,但全时间序列中轻度、中度石漠化相关性变化规律与16 d 10 a均值序列相反。     

青藏高原NDVI对ENSO事件的响应

以NCEP/NCAR所发布的1950~1979年全球海平面温度(SST)数据为基础,得到了1980~2006年ENSO事件的3个典型阶段,即冷阶段、中性阶段和暖阶段。通过分析1982~2005年的NOAA\|AVHRR NDVI影像数据,得到了在不同ENSO 阶段青藏高原生长季(5~9月)和冬季(12~2月)的NDVI平均值和离差图。结果表明:在生长季,冷阶段的NDVI高于其他两个阶段;在冬季,高原上的NDVI在正常阶段最好,其次为暖阶段,在冷阶段生长状况最低。此外还发现,不同阶段的青藏高原北部和南部植被变化也存在明显差异。     

Estimation of winter wheat phenology under the influence of cumulative temperature and soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta,China, using MODIS time-series data

Understanding the impact of environmental factors on crop phenology is significant in predicting crop growth stages, agricultural decision-making, and yield estimation. Here, using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer time-series data, we present phenological detection mechanisms and an explanation for the phenological variability linked to environmental drivers, such as cumulative temperature and soil salinity, for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Yellow River Delta in 2013. The 8-day normalized difference vegetation index was fitted to a double Gaussian function. Phenological phases, such as the green-up and heading phases, were extracted using maximum curvature approaches. The spatial characteristics of the phenological patterns were investigated. The relationships between the phenological phases and cumulative temperature were explored. Then, the relationships between the phenological phases and soil salinity were evaluated by selecting sites with similar soil fertility and temperature forcing. This study concluded that the regional average green-up date occurred on 5 March, and the regional average heading date occurred on 9 May. The spatial distributions of the green-up and heading phases showed a gradual delay from the southwest to the northeast and from the south to the north. The green-up phase lagged 4–5 days for every 10 degree days that the cumulative temperature decreased. The heading phase lagged 1–2 days for every 10 degree days that the cumulative temperature decreased. The green-up phase in a non-salinization region might be approximately 5–9 days earlier than that in a severe or moderate salinization region. The heading phase in a severe region might occur approximately 1–8 days earlier than that in a non-salinization or moderate salinization region. The method proposed in this article may be useful for understanding the impact of temperature and soil salinity on phenology and could be used to better manage winter wheat in coastal salinization areas.     

HJ-1A NDVI与MODIS NDVI时间序列提取植被物候特征对比研究

以HJ-1A和MODIS为数据源,通过动态阈值法提取物候特征参数,对HJ-1A NDVI和MODIS NDVI时间序列进行植被物候特征提取进行定性和定量比较,通过比较结果,提出HJ-1A NDVI数据在该应用中存在的问题,促进国产中空间高时间分辨率影像数据在植被物候信息提取研究中的应用,提高其在生态系统研究中的应用价值。结果表明:在SOS、EOS和LOS以及TOMS几个主要的物候时间点上,MODIS NDVI时间序列的标准差较小,所得物候数据更为集中,偏离度较小,所得物候数据较稳定;而HJ-1A NDVI时间序列所得物候数据的标准差较大,数据偏离程度较大,而在POS、BOS和AOS等表征植被生命周期中生长幅度数据上,其标准差较小,离散程度小。     

基于多时相Landsat8 OLI影像的作物种植结构提取

针对基于多时相遥感影像、多种特征量提取多种作物种植结构在我国研究较少的现状,利用多时相Landsat8OLI影像数据,根据温宿县不同作物的农事历,通过分析主要地物的光谱特征和归一化植被指数的时间变化信息,构建不同作物种植结构提取的决策树模型,实现了对温宿县多种作物种植结构信息的提取。结果表明:1水稻的最佳识别依据是5月20日影像的近红外波段和7月23日影像的NDVI值;棉花和春玉米的最佳识别依据是5月20日~9月9日影像的NDVI变化值;冬小麦—夏玉米和林果的最佳识别依据是5月20日~7月23日影像的NDVI变化值;2与单时相监督分类相比,多时相决策树法对多种作物种植结构的提取效果更理想,总体精度提高了7.90%,Kappa系数提高了0.10;3Landsat8OLI影像数据分辨率高、成本低、获取方便,是农作物遥感的良好数据源。     

Analysis of time-series MODIS 250 m vegetation index data for crop classification in the U.S. Central Great Plains

The global environmental change research community requires improved and up-to-date land use/land cover (LULC) datasets at regional to global scales to support a variety of science and policy applications. Considerable strides have been made to improve large-area LULC datasets, but little emphasis has been placed on thematically detailed crop mapping, despite the considerable influence of management activities in the cropland sector on various environmental processes and the economy. Time-series MODIS 250 m Vegetation Index (VI) datasets hold considerable promise for large-area crop mapping in an agriculturally intensive region such as the U.S. Central Great Plains, given their global coverage, intermediate spatial resolution, high temporal resolution (16-day composite period), and cost-free status. However, the specific spectral-temporal information contained in these data has yet to be thoroughly explored and their applicability for large-area crop-related LULC classification is relatively unknown. The objective of this research was to investigate the general applicability of the time-series MODIS 250 m Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) datasets for crop-related LULC classification in this region. A combination of graphical and statistical analyses were performed on a 12-month time-series of MODIS EVI and NDVI data from more than 2000 cropped field sites across the U.S. state of Kansas. Both MODIS VI datasets were found to have sufficient spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions to detect unique multi-temporal signatures for each of the region's major crop types (alfalfa, corn, sorghum, soybeans, and winter wheat) and management practices (double crop, fallow, and irrigation). Each crop's multi-temporal VI signature was consistent with its general phenological characteristics and most crop classes were spectrally separable at some point during the growing season. Regional intra-class VI signature variations were found for some crops across Kansas that reflected the state's climate and planting time differences. The multi-temporal EVI and NDVI data tracked similar seasonal responses for all crops and were highly correlated across the growing season. However, differences between EVI and NDVI responses were most pronounced during the senescence phase of the growing season.     

Spatio-temporal Analysis of Vegetation Phenology with Multiple Methods over the Tibetan Plateau based on MODIS NDVI Data

In the context of global climate change,vegetation phenology analysis based on remote sensing has become an critical method for studying the characteristics of physical and physiological changes of vegetation.This paper uses the MODIS NDVI time\|series data of 96 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau during 2000\|2014 to explore the development trend of vegetation phenological and geographical environment factors of each meteorological station,typical vegetation coverage and the whole plateau region.Firstly,using three cubic spline function method (Spline),double logistic function method(D\|L)and singular spectrum analysis (SSA),NDVI time\|series data is reconstructed,then using the derivative method (Der)and threshold method (Trs),the key parameters of phenological information is extracted,after that differences and application conditions between the six methods are analyzed and compared.Secondly,using M\|K test trend analysis method,the phenological development trend of each site and area were calculated,the relationship between phenological development trend and altitude,precipitation,temperature is studied.Finally,by the Growing season length(GSL)obtained by temperature threshold method,LOS is compared and verified.in grassland and forest land cover types,SSA,Spline,D\|L combined with threshold method to get the Start of Season(SOS),end of season(EOS),Length of season (SOS)respectively is a good combination strategy.(2)The spatial differences of various phenological parameters extracted by different methods are large,and the trend is relatively consistent at small scales.Southeast humid and semi\|humid shrub steppe region and northwestern desert steppe in the Tibetan Plateau,SOS and EOS delayed,but LOS prolonged;southwestern humid region,SOS and EOS delayed,LOS shortened;widely distributed grassland,the phenological parameters did not show significant tendency.(3)Temperature is related to the development trend of phenological parameters.With temperature increasing,the phenomena of SOS advance,EOS lag are presented.Because of the complexity of the plateau landform and climate,there was no significant relationship between phenological development trend for most of the site with the altitude and precipitation,only a few sites have strong correlation,the correlation between GSL and LOS also showed similar characteristics.For remote sensing based phonological analyses,our study identify there is no method existing here that is a adaptive across all the Tibetan Plateau.in addition,at point scale the phenological parameters do not represent a significant earlier or later trend.     

基于多角度微波辐射亮温数据反演冬小麦光学厚度

基于高级积分方程模型(Advanced Integrated Emission Model,AIEM),构建了包含宽范围土壤参数的C波段(6.925GHz)多角度裸露土壤发射率模拟数据库,利用该模拟数据分析了不同观测角度的裸露土壤发射率极化差之间的关系。在此基础上,结合ω-τ零阶辐射传输模型发展了C波段低矮植被光学厚度反演算法,并利用地基微波辐射计观测数据开展了冬小麦的光学厚度反演。结果显示,冬小麦光学厚度反演结果与实测冬小麦LAI在变化趋势上具有较好的一致性,反演算法具有一定的可行性。     

利用风云卫星MERSI数据反演叶面积指数的研究

风云三号A星上搭载的中分辨率成像光谱仪(Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer)MERSI从2008年5月底开始对地球观测,其中5个波段250m分辨率的数据包含了丰富的植被信息,在全球同类传感器数据中独具特色,在其基础上反演的陆表植被数据产品目前还不多见。利用2013年生长季在河北固城观测获取的冬小麦光谱数据,结合MERSI 250m数据计算的NDVI值,建立二者NDVI之间的线性转换模型Y=1.1458 X+0.1916;同时利用地物光谱NDVI与实测叶面积指数构建了NDVI-LAI指数模型Y=0.0899e4.459 X;然后,利用MERSI 250m数据反演出华北太行山前平原区冬小麦的叶面积指数,经与大田观测的叶面积指数以及同期MODIS的叶面积指数产品对比验证,结果表明:反演的MERSI-LAI与实际观测叶面积指数接近且具有很好的线性关系,其空间分布与MODIS的叶面积指数相近,但MODIS-LAI数值明显偏小。