粉末热挤压SiC_p/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能

利用粉末热挤压工艺制备SiCp/2024铝基复合材料,研究所制备复合材料的挤压态和热处理态的显微组织及力学性能,分析复合材料的断口形貌和断裂类型。结果表明:大部分SiC颗粒和析出的大量细小第二相粒子均匀地分布在基体合金中,部分区域的SiC颗粒存在轻微团聚现象,晶粒沿挤压方向被显著拉长,刚性的SiC颗粒长轴平行于挤压方向分布,形成热加工纤维组织。对复合材料进行T6(490℃固溶75 min+170℃时效8 h)热处理后,复合材料的晶粒比较细小,抗拉强度达470 MPa,主要的析出强化相为S′(Al2CuMg)。挤压比的提高有利于提高SiC颗粒和基体合金的界面结合强度。粉末热挤压法制备的SiCp/2024铝基复合材料热处理后的断裂方式主要有3种:SiC颗粒断裂、SiC颗粒与基体合金的剥离和基体合金的韧性断裂,该复合材料的断裂机制为韧性断裂和脆性断裂共存的混合断裂。     

界面改性对SiCp/Cu复合材料力学性能的影响

研究了界面改性对SiC颗粒增强Cu基复合材料力学性能和断裂机制的影响。结果表明：经过SiC颗粒表面涂层处理后，可在复合材料中获得干净、紧密的界面结合。通过复合材料界面优化，可在基体和增强物之间有效传递载荷，减少了拉伸变形时的界面脱粘，从而提高了复合材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度和断裂延伸率。     

颗粒尺寸对15%SiC_p/2009Al复合材料断裂韧性的影响

采用粉末冶金+挤压工艺制备了含不同粒径SiC颗粒(3.5, 5.0, 10.0和15.0μm)的15%SiC_p/2009A1复合材料挤压棒材,利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和万能试验机研究了SiC颗粒尺寸对15%SiC_p/2009Al复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明, SiC颗粒尺寸对复合材料强度和韧性的影响效果十分显著。随着SiC颗粒从3.5μm增大至15μm,复合材料的强度逐渐减小,而延伸率则逐渐增大。SiC颗粒尺寸为5.0μm时,复合材料的强度和塑性最佳,抗拉强度(R_m)、屈服强度(R_(p0.2))分别为582, 382 MPa,延伸率(A)为10%,断裂韧性(K_(IC))为33.7 MPa·m~(1/2)。SiC颗粒尺寸为3.5μm时,复合材料的断裂以SiC颗粒周围的铝基体韧性撕裂为主, SiC颗粒尺寸超过5.0μm时,复合材料断裂方式为SiC颗粒周围的铝基体韧性撕裂和SiC颗粒脆性断裂的共同作用,由于SiC-Al界面结合较好,未发现SiC-Al界面脱粘的失效形式。     

试样取向对15%SiCp/2009Al复合材料断裂韧性的影响

研究了粉末冶金法制备的15%SiCp/2009A1复合材料挤压棒材的断裂韧性,探讨了不同试样取向对复合材料断裂韧性的影响.结果表明:L-R取向的紧凑拉伸试样的KIC明显高于R-L取向和C-R取向.断口形貌观察表明:L-R取向的复合材料试样,断裂以SiC颗粒解理开裂为主.较少出现大面积的基体合金撕裂,没有出现SiCp/基体合金界面脱粘的现象.SiC颗粒的大量断裂以及高的界面结合强度会引起复合材料断裂韧性的提高.     

热等静压法制备SiC_p/Al复合材料的组织及性能研究

采用热等静压法制备SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料,研究其显微组织和力学性能,分析复合材料的断口形貌及断裂机制,测定了其热膨胀系数。结果表明:热等静压后,复合材料中的SiC颗粒会出现颗粒团聚,形成硬质的SiC骨架。对于20%SiC_p/6061Al(体积分数)复合材料,其抗拉强度能达到304 MPa,而20%SiC_p/2024Al(体积分数)的抗拉强度为276 MPa,两种复合材料的抗拉强度都达到或超过其他制备方法的水平。复合材料的断裂方式为基体的韧性断裂、SiC颗粒的解理断裂、SiC颗粒与基体的界面脱粘3种方式并存的混合断裂形式。对比复合材料热膨胀系数的实际测量值和Turner、Kerner模型理论值,Turner模型理论值更接近实测值。     

粉末冶金制备SiC/6061Al复合材料的显微组织和力学性能研究

采用粉末冶金法制备了体积分数为35%的SiC_p/6061Al基复合材料,研究了复合材料的显微组织和基体与增强体颗粒界面对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀,基体与增强体之间的界面结合情况较好,复合材料致密度高,抗拉强度较高。     

(WO_3p+ABOw)/Al混杂复合材料制备与力学性能

采用湿成型法成功制备了比重差别大的WO3颗粒(WO3p)和硼酸铝晶须(ABOw)混杂预制块,用挤压铸造法制备混杂铝基复合材料。混杂复合材料中含(原子分数)5%WO3p和20%ABOw,不同大小的WO3p尺寸分别为18和3μm。采用扫描电镜(SEM)和万能拉伸试验机对制备的混杂复合材料试样进行微观组织观察和拉伸性能测试。复合材料组织观察表明,WO3p和ABOw在基体中随机、均匀地分布,在高倍照片中可以观察到大尺寸WO3p存在裂纹,铝液不能渗入到裂纹中。力学性能研究结果表明,尺寸较小的颗粒增强的复合材料具有高的抗拉强度和断裂延伸率;含大尺寸WO3p的混杂复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和断裂延伸率分别为266.8,197.3 MPa和1.16%,含小尺寸WO3p的混杂复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为290.3,180.5 MPa和1.37%。复合材料拉伸断口形貌观察表明,两种不同WO3p尺寸的混杂复合材料断裂机制有所不同,大颗粒增强复合材料中大颗粒发生断裂,裂纹穿过颗粒扩展,晶须与界面脱粘;小颗粒增强复合材料中小颗粒与基体界面脱粘以及晶须与界面脱粘,但晶须脱粘数量明显减少,晶须拔出数量增多。     

聚碳硅烷对注射成形Fe-2Ni基复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用粉末注射成形工艺,以聚碳硅烷(PCS)为先驱材料,制得SiC颗粒增强的Fe-2Ni基复合材料;研究PCS对Fe-2Ni合金的致密度、显微组织、力学性能及断口的影响.结果表明:PCS裂解生成的SiC增强相颗粒细小,在基体材料中分布均匀,加入5%～10%(体积分数)PCS可使材料抗拉强度提高43%～62%,洛氏硬度提高40%～47%,但伸长率下降,由韧性断裂转变成脆性断裂;Fe-2Ni基复合材料的强度和硬度达到了MIM协会的标准,优于SiC颗粒增强的Fe基复合材料.     

连续SiC纤维增强钛基复合材料横向强度分析

连续SiC纤维增强钛基复合材料（SiCf／Ti）具有良好的综合性能,但其横向性能低于钛合金基体。为了准确地预测SiCf／Ti复合材料的横向强度,北京航空制造工程研究所赵冰等人提出一种基于界面脱粘强度的计算模型。采用SiCf／Ti复合材料十字拉伸试件来测试复合材料的纤维／基体界面脱粘强度,并分析了热处理时间对界面脱粘强度影响规律,以及不同纤维之间界面脱粘强度的差别。     

SiCp+Gr/2024Al复合材料的力学性能和加工性能

颗粒增强的铝基复合材料已在航空航天、汽车等工业领域获得广泛的使用,但难加工性限制了此类复合材料的广泛应用.选用SiC颗粒和鳞片状石墨作为增强体,采用挤压铸造法制备SiCp+Gr/2024Al 复合材料,在保证材料力学性能的前提下改善材料的加工性能.结果表明,复合材料组织致密,石墨和SiC颗粒在基体中均匀分布;铸态组织中SiC和石墨颗粒与基体Al合金都未发现界面反应物;随着石墨的体积分数的增大,拉伸强度和弹性模量都下降,但加工性能得到明显的改善.石墨改善切削性能的机制为影响切屑形成机制和石墨对刀具的润滑作用.     

伪半固态触变成形制备SiCp/Al电子封装材料的组织与性能

采用伪半固态触变成形工艺制备了40%、56%和63%三种不同SiC体积分数颗粒增强Al基电子封装材料,并借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析了材料中Al和SiC的形态分布及其断口形貌,测定了材料的密度、致密度、热导率、热膨胀系数、抗压强度和抗弯强度.结果表明,通过伪半固态触变成形工艺可制备出的不同SiC体积分数Al基电子封装材料,其致密度高,热膨胀系数可控,材料中Al基体相互连接构成网状,SiC颗粒均匀镶嵌分布于Al基体中.随着SiC颗粒体积分数的增加,电子封装材料密度和室温下的热导率稍有增加,热膨胀系数逐渐减小,室温下的抗压强度和抗弯强度逐渐增加.SiC/Al电子封装材料的断裂方式为SiC的脆性断裂,同时伴随着Al基体的韧性断裂.      

不同粒径的SiC体积配比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料显微组织和拉伸性能的影响

为了研究不同粒径的Si C体积配比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料显微组织及拉伸性能的影响,采用高压扭转法(High-pressure torsion,HPT)将3.5μm(小)、7.0μm(大)SiC颗粒体积比分别为4∶1、1∶1、1∶4的SiC颗粒和纯Al粉末混合物制备成10%SiC_p/Al基复合材料(体积分数)。用金相显微镜、万能试验机、扫描电镜等分析2种粒径的Si C体积比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,随扭转半径增大,各试样的SiC颗粒分布更加均匀,颗粒团聚、偏聚现象减少,其中小、大SiC颗粒体积比为1∶1的试样性能最优,伸长率、相对密度最高,分别达到14.3%和99.1%,拉伸断裂形式为塑性断裂。     

Effect of overaging and particle size on tensile deformation and fracture of particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites

The effect of reinforcement particle size and overaging treatment on the tensile behavior and fracture morphology of a 2080/SiC/20 _p composite was investigated. Tensile behavior was profoundly influenced by particle size and matrix strength. The composite strength increased with a decrease in particle size, while overaging greatly reduced the strength of the composite, independent of particle size. Almost all particles on the fracture plane were fractured, and the amount of particle fracture in the composites was insensitive to overaging and particle size, due to the excellent bonding between SiC particles and the Al matrix. Fractography showed that void nucleation in the matrix of peak-aged composites took place primarily at very fine SiC particles, which were much smaller than the average SiC particle size. Subsequent failure took place by the tearing topography surface (TTS) mechanism. In the overaged composite, composites failed by a more conventional void nucleation and growth process, where void nucleation took place at coarsened S precipitate particles, resulting in smaller and more elongated voids.     

液态反应合成Mg-Li-MgO/Mg_2Si复合材料的组织与性能

用ＤＴＡ对ＳｉＯ２ 与ＭｇＬｉ 合金反应合成复合材料的热力学进行了研究, 证明反应能够进行。检测结果表明反应生成的粒子尺寸细小且分布均匀。复合材料的强度、硬度、弹性模量明显提高; 该复合材料的延伸率低于基体合金, 但仍可达到较高水平（ ＞ ４％） , 高于Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 及ＳｉＣ纤维增强复合材料。     

Hydroxyapatite-polyethylene composites for bone substitution: effects of ceramic particle size and morphology

Synthetic hydroxyapatite particles of two median sizes and different morphologies have been used to manufacture hydroxyapatite reinforced high density polyethylene composites (HAPEX) for medical applications. The effects of hydroxyapatite particle size on properties of the resultant composites were investigated using various techniques. It was found that composites with smaller hydroxyapatite particles had higher torsional modulus, tensile modulus and tensile strength, but lower strain to failure. Examination of fracture surfaces revealed that only a mechanical bond existed between the filler and the matrix. It was shown that dynamic mechanical analysis is useful in studying the viscoelastic behaviour of the composite.     

喷射沉积SiCP/Al复合材料及6066铝合金热挤压工艺的研究

作者应用喷射共沉积工艺制备 6 0 6 6 / Si Cp复合材料和 6 0 6 6铝合金锭坯 ,在不同的挤压比、挤压温度下挤压成　　型 ,用金相显微镜观察材料的显微组织 ,并测试了材料的力学性能。结果表明 :Si C/ Al复合材料喷射沉积状态的组织很疏松 ,存在许多的间隙 ,其密度约为理论密度的 86 % ,Si C颗粒在复合材料中分布不均匀 ,喷射沉积铝合金基体的致密度可达 90 % ;挤压过程使 Al/ Si Cp复合材料的大多数空隙消失 ,致密程度随挤压比的增大而增大 ,挤压比超过 14 .7后不会明显变化 ,而铝合金基体的致密程度与挤压比的变化关系不明显 ;挤压温度对材料的致密程度影响不大 ;Al/ Si Cp复合材料性能在挤压比超过 14 .7后变化不大 ;铝合金的性能不受挤压比变化的影响 ;而挤压温度过高使材料性能下降     

12%SiCp/Al复合材料制备工艺及力学性能研究

对碳化硅颗粒进行表面氧化酸洗处理，采用粉末冶金加热挤压工艺制备了12％SiCp／Al（体积分数）复合材料。利用金相显微镜和电镜对微观组织进行了观测，拉伸试验测试复合材料的力学性能。试验结果表明：SiC颗粒在铝基体中分布比较均匀；T6热处理条件下12％SiCp／Al复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别约为472．4MPa、525．7MPa，伸长率为6．5％，弹性模量为92．7GPa。     

Mechanical Properties of Aluminium-Graphene Composite Synthesized by Powder Metallurgy and Hot Extrusion

The present work focuses on the development of multilayer graphene reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites by powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion. Microstructure, grain size analysis and mechanical properties of hot extruded unreinforced aluminium and graphene reinforced aluminium composites are presented here. Microstructure shows uniform distribution of graphene throughout the matrix. Experimental results reveal significant increase in hardness as well as tensile strength of composite as compared to unreinforced aluminium. The improvements in properties are attributed to uniformly dispersed graphene sheets, an excellent interfacial bonding between graphene and aluminium matrix and grain refinement caused by the addition of graphene. Further, the strengthening mechanisms involved in the aluminum-graphene composite have been discussed. The fracture studies show the transition of ductile fracture in case of pure aluminium to brittle fracture in case of aluminium-graphene composites.     

SiC粒径比对SiC_p/Al基复合材料组织及性能的影响

采用高压扭转(high pressure torsion)法将粒径比分别为1:1,1:7,1:21的SiC颗粒和纯铝粉末的混合物固结成金属基复合材料。利用金相显微镜、显微维氏硬度计、万能试验机和扫描电镜研究不同SiC粒径比对SiCp/Al复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,与SiC粒径比1:1的试样相比,粒径比为1:7和1:21的试样中SiC颗粒分布更加均匀,颗粒间无明显团聚现象;大颗粒加入后对材料硬度的影响较为复杂,1:21试样硬度值最低;材料伸长率分别提高130%和113%,致密度也高于1:1的试样,材料断裂形式为韧性断裂。SiC粒径比为1:7试样的致密度、伸长率高于粒径比为1:21试样,综合性能较好。     

Processing,microstructure, and mechanical behavior of cast magnesium metal matrix composites

Magnesium metal matrix composites (MMCs) have been receiving attention in recent years as an attractive choice for aerospace and automotive applications because of their low density and superior specific properties. This article presents a liquid mixing and casting process that can be used to produce SiC particulate-reinforced magnesium metal matrix composites via conventional foundry processes. Microstructural features, such as SiC particle distribution, grain refinement, and particle/matrix interfacial reactions of the cast magnesium matrix composites, are investigated, and the effects of solidification-process parameters and matrix alloys (pure Mg and Mg-9 pct Al-1 pct Zn alloy AZ91) on the microstructure are established. The results of this work suggest that in the solidification processing of MMCs, it is important to optimize the process parameters both to avoid excessive interfacial reactions and simultaneously achieve wetting, so that a good particle distribution and interfacial bonding are obtained. The tensile properties, strain hardening, and fracture behavior of the AZ91/SiC composites are also studied and the results are compared with those of the unreinforced AZ91 alloy. The strengthening mechanisms for AZ91/SiC composite, based on the proposed SiC particle/matrix interaction during deformation, are used to explain the increased yield strength and elastic modulus of the composite over the magnesium matrix alloy. The low ductility found in the composites is due to the early appearance of localized damages, such as particle cracking, matrix cracking, and occasionally interface debonding, in the fracture process of the composite.