奥氏体高锰钢的切削过程与形变强化规律

金属切削过程是切削层金属的塑性变形和断裂过程 .切削过程中 ,金属的形变强化、裂纹形成与长大的知识对理解切屑分离和流出是必要的 .本文应用快速落刀及金相分析方法研究了奥氏体温锰钢 5 0Mn18Cr4切削变形过程中的形变强化和微裂纹形成与扩展规律 .研究表明 ,切削过程中的形变强化规律符合幂函数规律 ;切削刃处切削材料的分离是该局部材料形变强化达到断裂应力的结果 ;奥氏体高锰钢切屑属挤裂型切屑 ;切屑断裂源于剪切带 ;在切屑沿前刀面流出过程中 ,因流速不等而产生的弯矩是导致切屑局部剪切失稳的重要原因     

无缝钢管形变时效强化的实验研究及应用

通常认为形变时效强化会明显地降低塑性。本文用20MnSi,45,30Mn2钠无缝管进行了不同形变量及时效温度的试验。结果表明:时效强化不一定降低塑性。在某些情况下,400℃时效后,强度和塑性都提高了;或其中某一项指标得到提高而另一项并不降低。对形变时效强化的机理作了初步讨论。     

高锰钢的双n行为

研究了高锰钢在拉伸过程中形变硬化行为及组织结构变化，结果表明，其真应力，真应变分段符合Ｈｏｌｌｏｍｏｎ方程，表现为双ｎ行为，高锰钢优异的形变硬化性能表现在ｎ２阶段，为孪晶强化，在位错强化的ｎ１阶段，其形变硬化不显，在拉伸曲线上出现锯齿形状的同时，试样表面也出现平行的痕迹，这两个特点又表明具有面心结构的高锰钢拉伸形变时，似有早为人知的Ｐｏｒｔｅｖｉｎ－Ｌｅ Ｃｈａｔｅｌｉｅｒ效应。     

高温形变热处理及其应用

高温形变热处理作为重要的形变热处理方法之一，通过在高温（奥氏体区）引入形变强化，利用随后的相变，最终使材料（零件）获得形变强化和要变强化的综合效果，自出现以来，一直受到人们的普遍关注，对其进行了较详细的研究。特别是近十年来，这种新型复合热处理工艺得到了更进步的发展，已成为在理论研究上和实际应用中都相当成熟的强化手段。介绍了这种工艺的特点，理论研究和发展以及应用状况，综合了最新研究成果，并对其将来的     

【待发表文章摘要预报】锰钢的双n行为

【待发表文章摘要预报】锰钢的双ｎ行为戴天成，韩行霖，姜文挥，刘车升本文研究了高锰钢在拉伸过程中形变硬化行为及组织结构变化．结果表明，其真应力、真应变分段符合Ｈｏｌｌｏｍｏｎ方程，表现为双ｎ行为．高锰钢优异的形变硬化性能表现在ｎ＿２阶段，为孪晶强化．在...     

16MnU型钢亚温淬火后形变强化性能的研究

研究了16Mn U型钢亚温淬火后的形变强化性能,结果表明:16Mn U型钢经820℃×30分钟水淬 200℃回火后,具有较好的形变强化性能,适合于工程应用。影响其形变强化性能的主要因素为淬火加热温度,其次是钢中的碳、锰含量及回火情况。     

GPS监测城市地表形变及数据处理分析研究

应用GPS卫星定位技术监测城市地面的不均匀沉降或三维形变，介绍GAMIT软件模型特点，讨论GPS监测的数据处理的理论和方法，即在数据处理时宜采用高精度的GAMIT软件解算，且在IRFT96－98坐标框架或WGS－84坐标系进行。最后通过对西安市GPS形变监测试验网的数据处理和结果分析，用GPS监测三维形变的精度在水平方向可达到2－3mm，垂直方向可达到4－6mm，说明GPS用于监测地表形变的可行性。     

Nb-Ti微合金钢大线能量焊接热影响区组织和韧性的研究

在使用大线能量焊接低合金高强度钢时,为了提高焊接热影响区（HAZ）韧性,通常加入Ti或Nb。利用正交分析进行9组冶炼试验研究,对Ti、Nb2种元素进行多种添加量的重点考察。利用轧制的实验钢进行大线能量气电立焊实验,检验这2种元素对钢板强度、钢板韧性、钢板焊接热影响区韧性的影响。实验结果表明,Nb对钢板的强度和韧性都有很大影响,随着Nb含量的提高,强度增加;当w（Nb）≥0．005％时,随Nb含量提高,韧性呈下降趋势;对钢板焊接热影响区韧性影响最大的是Ti,Ti能阻碍晶粒长大,使热影响区性能得到改善。     

形变强化对疲劳裂纹萌生的组织效应

通过对３种具有不同冷轧变形量且滚压分层组织的残余应力为零的薄板试样进行疲劳试验,探讨了在残余应力效应与组织强化效应分离后,形变强化对疲劳裂纹萌生的出服强度,降低应力水平,则形变强化对延缓裂纹萌生的效果显著。     

16Mu U型钢亚温淬火后形变强化性能的研究

研究了１６ＭｎＵ型钢亚温淬火后的形变强化性能,结果表明：１６ＭｎＵ型钢经８２０℃×３０ｍｉｎ水淬＋２００℃回火后,具有较好的形变强化性能,适合于工程应用．影响其形变强化性能的主要因素为淬火加热温度,其次是钢中的碳、锰含量及回火情况．     

Composition Optimization of Nb-Ti Microalloyed High Strength Steel

Four Nb-Ti microalloyed steels were refined and rolled to study the composition optimization of Nb-Ti microalloyed steels. The effects of Nb and Ti on the microstructures, precipitates and properties of Nb-Ti microalloyed steel were investigated. The results showed that an increase in Ti content resulted in the appearance of many fine precipitates leading to a strong precipitation strengthening effect. Hence, the yield strength increased. Besides, the increased strength by the combined increase of Nb and Ti was similar to that observed for the increase in Ti content alone. This increase in strength was attributed widely to the increase in the Ti content alone rather than Nb. Moreover, the increase in Nb content beyond 0.036 wt% exerted no significant effect on the strength of Ti-Nb microalloyed steels, in which more Ti could be added to further improve the strength of steels.     

新型轻钢加层节点累积耗能性能试验研究

为了研究轻钢加层节点的累积耗能性能,设计制作了4种不同形式的轻钢结构加层节点．分别对其进行拟静力试验,并分析其破坏现象、滞回性能、强度退化及累积塑性变形率．结果表明：与传统植筋节点相比,3个新型节点均能有效控制结构裂缝的开展,外包钢强化节点延缓节点承栽力的降低最有效;外包钢强化节点的累积耗能能力提高了115％,碳纤维强化节点和连接形式转化节点的累积耗能能力提高30％左右．     

碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）粘贴层数对开孔钢板的疲劳寿命影响的试验研究

摘 要:疲劳损伤是钢结构失效的重要原因,传统的修复加固钢结构的方法包括钢板焊接、铆接,螺栓连接等,这些加固方法容易产生应力集中现象。CFRP具有比强度和比刚度高的特点,在加固钢结构方面效果良好。通过对3组粘贴有不同层数CFRP的开孔钢板进行疲劳实验,描述了不同类型钢板的破坏形态,并绘制了疲劳寿命曲线和变形曲线,比较了三组钢板在疲劳寿命,裂纹扩展情况,断裂时碳纤维布与钢板之间的协同工作情况的差异和共性。研究结果表明,粘贴碳纤维能够提高钢板的屈服荷载,弥补钢板表面缺陷,减缓钢板疲劳裂纹的扩展速率,增加钢板的延性,从而有效地提高钢板的疲劳寿命,并且随着粘贴层数的增加,疲劳寿命提高效果明显,发现粘贴一层碳纤维布使其平均疲劳寿命提高4.7%,粘贴三层碳纤维布,其疲劳寿命提高77.80%。粘贴碳纤维布能够有效地缩小不同应力作用下钢板变形能力之间的差异,CFRP层数越多,这种差异就越小。同时,CFRP的粘贴层数越多,钢板破坏时的极限变形越大,粘贴三层碳纤维布的钢板的极限变形在0.9mm以上。     

Process Modeling and Control Simulation for a 500W@4.5K Helium Refrigerator

In order to investigate dynamic behaviors of a 500W@ 4.5K helium refrigerator,the process simulator has been completed. The cryogenic process model is described and main components are customized. The realtime communication between the process model and the control system has been achieved. Compared with the preliminary experimental data,the errors of temperatures during the process of 300 K-80 K are less than 10%.The process model is validated to predict the cool-down process very well. The controller parameters are tuned in simulation and applied to the actual refrigerator suitably. Based on the dynamic simulation,the operation of Joule-Thomson( JT) by pass valve has been optimized. And the cool- down process from 300 K to 4. 5 K has been simulated under the control programs. Simulation results indicate that this dynamic simulator based on actual control architecture is available to process control and operation optimization for the helium refrigerators.     

Effect of Nb on the Microstructure and Properties of Cold Rolled and Annealed Mo Microalloyed Bainitic Steel

Two kinds of low carbon bainitic steels,Nb-free Mo bearing and Nb + Mo addition steels,were cold rolled and annealed to investigate the effect of micro-alloying element Nb on the microstructure and properties of Mo microalloyed low carbon high strength bainitic steel. No precipitates were observed in Nb-free Mo bearing steel,whereas,two types of precipitates,i.e.,Nb( C,N) and composite( Nb,Mo)( C,N),were observed in the Nb + Mo microalloyed steel,resulting in precipitation strengthening. The strength of Mo bearing steel was improved by addition of Nb under the same annealing conditions. The grain size of Nb addition steel was almost the same as Nb-free steel. Unlike the obvious grain refinement and precipitation strengthening in hot rolling,the increase in yield strength of Nb addition steels in cold rolling and annealing mainly results from the precipitation strengthening,while the effect of grain refinement strengthening can be almost ignored.     

Nature of large （Ti, Nb）（C, N） particles precipitated during the solidification of Ti, Nb HSLA steel

To investigate the microsegregation phenomena and complex （Ti, Nb）（C, N） precipitation behavior during continuous casting, a unidirectional solidification unit was employed to simulate the solidification process. The samples of Ti, Nb-addition steels after unidirectional solidification were examined using field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM） and electron probe X-ray microanalyzer （EPMA）. In such specimens, dendrite structure and mushy zone can be detected along the solidification direction. It shows that the addition of titanium, niobium to high-strength low-alloyed （HSLA） steel results in undesirable （Ti, Nb）（C, N） precipitation because of microsegregation. The effect of cooling rate on （Ti, Nb）（C, N） precipitation was investigated. The composition of large precipitates was determined using FE-SEM with EDS. Large （Ti, Nb）（C, N） precipitates could be divided into three kinds according to the composition and morphology. With the cooling rate increasing, Ti-rich （Ti, Nb）（C, N） precipitates are transformed to Nb-rich （Ti, Nb）（C, N） precipitates.     

Dissolving of Nb and Ti carbonitride precipitates in microalloyed steels

The dissolving behaviour of Nb and Ti carbonitride precipitates in microalloyed steels during isothermal holding at 1300℃ was investigated by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersion x-ray spectrum (EDX). It was found that all precipitates in Nb-Ti microalloyed steel are (Nb, Ti)(C, N). With holding time increasing, the atomic ratio of Nb/Ti in precipitates decrease gradually. These precipitates still existe even after holding for 48 h at 1300℃while Nb(C, N) precipitates dissolve away in Nb microalloyed steel only after 4 h at the same temperature. These results show that formation and thermostability of precipitates are considerably influenced by interaction between Nb and Ti.     

Optimization of RPC technique for refining the intermediate transformation microstructure

The influence of processing parameters of relaxation-precipitation-controlling phase transformation(RPC) technique,finish rolling temperature,reduction ration and relaxing time on the microstructure was studied by thermo-simulation for a low carbon Nb and Ti containing micro-alloyed steel.The microstructure was investigated by optical microscope,transmission electron microscope and electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD).The statistical results of the packet size were calculated.It shows that,after PRC procesas,the steel is a composite microstructure of bainite and matensite.The best thermo-simulation process for refinement in this experiment is deformation for 30% at 850℃,and then relaxing at this temperature for 60s to 200s,Increasing the reduction ratio from 30%to 60% or decreasing the deformation temperature to 800℃ would cause the best relaxation time to become shorter,increasing the deformation temperature to 900℃ would cause the refinement effect to be weak.     

Theoretical calculation of the impact work in the alloying non-quenched and tempered steel

Liu et al.[1―5]1) have calculated the finishing rolling tensile strength σb, yield strength σs, elongation δ of the alloying non-quenched and tempered steel with the covalent elec-1) Liu Z L, Lin C, Guo Y C. Theoretical calculation of the finishing rolling elongation in alloying non-quenched and tempered steel. Progress in Natural Science, in presstron number nA of the strongest bond in alloying phases and the smallest electron density difference ?ρ of phase interfaces. It is calculat…     

Effect of Titanium Content on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Hardfacing Alloy

The hardfacing alloys with different concentrations of titanium were deposited on carbon steel substrates by shielded metal arc welding, and the effect of titanium content on the microstructure characteristics of the hardfacing alloys was investigated. The wear resistance test of the hardfacing alloys was carried out by using a slurry rubber wheel abrasion test machine, and the wear behaviour was also studied. The results indicate that the addition of titanium can effectively promote the precipitation of the complex carbides of Nb and Ti due to the prior precipitation of titanium carbide which acts as nucleation sites for complex carbides. With the increase of titanium content, the wear resistance of the hardfacing alloys is increased gradually resulting from the refinement of microstructure and dispersive distribution of fine carbide precipitates. And the wear mechanism is mainly minimum plastic deformation with interrupted grooves due to the strengthening and protecting effects of carbide precipitates.