电磁场、电磁理论、电磁环境

0623113关于由衍射片背面反射光形成的衍射图样的讨论[刊,中]/闫亚奇//广西民族学院学报．—2006,12(2)．—95-96．104(G2) 0623114左手媒质的阻抗边界条件[刊,中]/张鹏飞//雷达科学与技术．—2006,4(3)．—181-184(D)从Maxwell方程出发,研究了平面波入射到空气和左手媒质的分界面上时,界面附近的电磁场,并将电场和磁场的关系表示为阻抗边界条件表达式,然后与右手媒质的阻抗边界条件进行对比,指出其形式上的统一和计算公式的区别。在此基础上,对多层媒质引用传输线法进行分析,并采用其给出的多层媒质的反射系数计算公式,计算了多层媒质内包含左手媒质时的表面反射系数,并对多层媒质包含左手媒质和右手媒质的情形进行丁对比,研究了其反射系数幅度和相位的异同。     

电磁波垂直入射到平面多层旋波媒质的反射

本文首先给出旋波媒质基本公式，然后从传输线理论出发，用阻抗法解决了线极化平面波垂直入射到多层平面旋波媒质的反射问题，处理方法简单方便，且易理解，文中最后给出了一些数值模拟计算结果，并将其与别外的方法进行了比较，结果吻合得很好。     

多层旋波媒质平板的反射与透射

本文先利用电磁场的边界条件导出平面电磁波垂直入射于多层平板旋波媒质的透射场表达式。然后用传输线理论中的阻抗法,解决了多层平板旋波媒质的反射问题。最后对多层旋波媒质平板的一特例－双层结构型旅波吸波材料进行了计算机辅助设计分析,分析表明,双层代替单层可以在一定程度上改善涂层的吸波特性。     

涂覆长旋转椭球散射场的解析解及其远场双站散射截面计算

利用长旋转椭球矢量波函数和涂覆椭球表面的阻抗边界条件，给出了平面电磁波沿主轴方向入射时涂时涂覆长旋转椭球散射场的解析表达式及其远场双站散截面的计算公式和计算结果。本文的主要结论：不仅几种典型形状理想导体目标对平面电磁的散射场可用解析公式表示，这些形状的涂覆目标的散射场也可用解析公式表示。     

电感L和电容C加载传输线媒质负折射特性分析

建立了一般性二维分布网络的标量波动方程,导出了二维分布网络的电压分布、电流分布、x方向和z方向阻抗以及传播常数,并把这些结果应用到二维加载L,C传输线媒质(负折射率媒质)和未加载传输线媒质(正折射率媒质).获得加载传输线媒质的物质参数并显示为负数.利用这些表达式采设计这两种媒质的电参数和适当的平面波激励,利用微波电路对入射角为60°的平面电压波入射到相对折射率为一<平方根3>的正负传输线媒质界面上进行仿真.仿真结果显示,在界面上发生了负折射,从而验证了本推导公式的正确性.     

多层圆柱形磁性体的散射场

以改善法向模螺旋天线的特性为目的，对平面波入射时任意媒质常数为参量的多层圆柱形磁性体的散射反射电磁场特性及内部磁通进行了研究和解析，数值计算的结果中作为改善法向模螺旋天线性能抑制反射、散射现象的指导性设计资料。     

涂覆各向异性复合手征介质的阻抗圆柱体的雷达截面积

本文解决了平面波入射时涂覆各向异性复合手征介质的阻抗圆柱体的电磁散射问题。首先推导得到各向异性复合手征介质层中电磁场量的基本方程;然后根据边界条件得出计算所讨论的阻抗圆柱体的雷达散射截面的解析表达式。文中还给出若干数值结果。     

涂覆各向异性复合手征介质的阻抗圆柱体的雷达截面积

本文解决了平面波入射时涂覆各向异性复合手征介质的阻抗圆柱体的电磁散射问题。首先推导得到各向异性复合手征介质层中电磁场量的基本方程；然后根据边界条件得出计算所讨论的阻抗圆柱体的雷达散射截面的解析表达式。文中还给出若干数值结果。     

涂覆吸波材料飞行器机翼的RCS计算

本文首先研究了半平面阻抗劈在平面波斜入射下的广义Ｍａｌｉｕｚｈｉｎｅｔｓ电磁散射解，然后把应用于理想导体劈的等效边缘电磁流（ＥＥＣ）概念推广应用到涂覆吸波材料的阻抗劈上，由阻抗劈等边缘电磁流，计算了涂覆吸波材料的机翼的雷达散射截面（ＲＣＳ），并对所得结果进行了比较和验证。本方法特别适合大电尺寸目标的ＲＣＳ计算。     

光波在具有柱状结构的双折射薄膜中的传输特性

根据电磁场理论的矩阵分析方法推导了光波在具有柱状结构的双轴薄膜中的反射系数、透射系数和相位关系等光学特性.这些关系包含了界面处的多点反射,可以推广到一般的各向异性的多层膜系统.给出了各向同性入射媒质-双轴各向异性膜层-各向同性基底薄膜系统的计算结果,验证了该计算方法的可行性,为双折射多层膜结构及其器件的理论分析和设计提供了理论参考.     

椭圆偏振光在各向异性1维光子晶体中的传输

为了解决利用传统传输矩阵法计算在各向异性材料结构中任意极化态电磁波传播遇到的困难,设计含磁光材料缺陷层的1维光子晶体。通过把入射电磁波按左旋圆偏振和右旋圆偏振进行正交分解的方法,推导出适合各向异性材料和任意极化态入射电磁波的传输矩阵算法。结果表明,该算法可以确定1维层状结构透射波和反射波偏振态的变化。     

Coupling Between Guided Surface Waves, Lateral Waves, and the Radiation Fields by Rough Surfaces--Full-Wave Solutions

In this paper explicit expressions are presented for the guided surface waves and lateral waves that are excited when radiation fields are incident upon rough surfaces. Similarly, expressions are presented for the radiation fields scattered by rough surfaces that are excited by surface waves and lateral waves. In addition, coupling between the surface waves and the lateral waves due to surface irregularities is considered in detail. The solutions, which are based on a full-wave approach to the problem, are subject to the exact boundary conditions at the irregular interface. These are shown to be consistent with the reciprocity relationship in electromagnetic theory. The validity of the approximate impedance boundary condition is examined and consideration is given to excitation at the grazing incidence, the Brewster angle, and to waves incident at the critical angle for total internal reflection. Optimum conditions are determined for coupling between the radiation fields, the surface waves, and the Iateral waves incident upon irregular boundaries. Thus this work is applicable to problems of radio wave propagation near an irregular interface between two media and excitation of guided waves by irregular dielectric structures.     

Scattering of obliquely incident waves by an impedance cylinderwith inhomogeneous bianisotropic coating

A propagator matrix approach for cylindrical structures is applied to solve scattering problems featuring inhomogeneous bianisotropic media. The involved propagator matrix, which describes the relation between the transverse fields at the two boundaries of an inhomogeneous cylindrical layer, is obtained by utilizing Fourier series expansions for the fields as well as material parameter functions. The presented formalism is capable of analyzing the scattering of plane waves which are obliquely incident on an impedance cylinder that is covered with an inhomogeneous bianisotropic layer. We provide typical examples showing the applicability of the method     

柱坐标系中阻抗劈表面的精确阻抗边界条件

本文首先给出一般阻抗面上的精确阻抗边界条件，然后把它应用到阻抗劈劈面上，结合麦克斯韦方程，考虑平面波相对阻抗劈边缘垂直入射和斜入射两种情况，导出了柱坐标系中阻抗劈表面以一阶偏微分方程形式表达的精确阻抗边界条件。     

Rigorous formulation of scattering at a randomly varying impedanceplane: general case of oblique incidence

The problem of scattering of electromagnetic plane waves at one-dimensional surfaces (random gratings) is solved in the general case in which the incident wave vector does not lie on the main section of the cylindrical surface (oblique incidence). The scatterer is simulated by a plane boundary characterized by a coordinate-dependent impedance that varies along one of the two coordinates on the surface. This representation could be regarded as a canonical model of one-dimensional surfaces with height corrugations. A rigorous electromagnetic formalism for calculating the fields scattered at the impedance plane is presented. The fields above the scatterer are represented by spectral domain expansions. It is shown that the wave vectors of the scattered waves lie on the surface of a cone containing the direction of specular reflection and whose axis coincides with the direction of the grooves of the random grating. The theory is exemplified by calculating the angular distribution of the mean intensity scattered from an ensemble of surfaces with similar statistical parameters     

Two time-derivative Lorentz material (2TDLM) formulation of aMaxwellian absorbing layer matched to a lossy medium

A two time-derivative Lorentz material (2TDLM) is introduced to define polarization and magnetization fields that lead to an absorbing layer that can be matched to a lossy dielectric medium. The 2TDLM is a generalization of the successful uniaxial polarization and magnetization time-derivative Lorentz material (TDLM) which has been introduced as an absorbing boundary condition for simulation regions dealing with lossless materials. Expressions are derived to describe the propagation of an arbitrary plane wave in this 2TDLM Maxwellian absorbing material. They are used to study the scattering from a semi-infinite 2TDLM half-space of an arbitrary plane wave incident upon it from a lossy isotropic dielectric medium. Matching conditions are derived which produce reflectionless transmission through such an interface for any angle of incidence and frequency. Numerical tests are given which demonstrate the effectiveness of the resulting 2TDLM absorbing layer     

Scattering from apertures in infinite ground planes using FDTD

A scattered field version of FDTD for scattering from an aperture in an infinite ground plane is presented. In this formulation the fields reflected from the infinite ground plane are computed analytically, not as FDTD scattered fields. This is necessary to eliminate scattering from the edges of the ground plane, where it is terminated at the FDTD outer boundary. Also, the fields scattered by the ground plane are usually of much higher amplitude than the desired aperture-scattered fields. In this formulation these fields need not be absorbed by the FDTD outer boundary. This provides more accurate calculation of low amplitude scattering from the aperture. The formulation can include materials in the aperture and on both sides of the infinite ground plane. For example, scattering from an aperture antenna with a dielectric cover backed by an aperture filled with lossy dielectric can be computed with this formulation     

Modified theory of physical optics solution of impedance half plane problem

The scattering of electric polarized plane waves from an impedance half plane problem is examined by the method of modified theory of physical optics (MTPO). Two integrals, consisting of incident and reflected scattered fields, are obtained. These integrals are evaluated asymptotically by the methods of stationary phase and edge point. The obtained scattered fields are compared with the exact solution numerically.     

Target identification of coated objects

We consider the three-dimensional electromagnetic inverse scattering problem of determining information about a coated object from a knowledge of the electric far-field patterns corresponding to time harmonic incident plane waves at fixed frequency. We assume that the obstacle is either a perfect conductor coated by a thin dielectric layer or a dielectric coated by a thin layer of a highly conducting material, i.e., the coated portion of the boundary is modeled by either an impedance boundary condition or a conductive boundary condition. No a priori assumption is made on the connectivity of the scattering obstacle nor on the extent of the coating, i.e., the object can be fully coated, partially coated, or not coated at all. We present an algorithm based on the linear sampling method for reconstructing the shape of the scattering obstacle together with an estimate of either the surface impedance or surface conductivity. Numerous numerical examples are given showing the efficaciousness of our method.