阻尼结构叶片强迫振动响应分析的改进时频域融合算法

为有效地分析阻尼结构叶片系统的动力学特性,本文对计算非线性动力学系统响应的时频域融合算法进行了改进。引入快速抗混迭傅立叶变换,提高时域与频域间转换运算的精度,减少计算时间;针对阻尼结构叶片系统的局部非线性特点,对线性自由度进行减缩,将迭代求解控制在仅和非线性相关的自由度范围之内;采用混合遗传算法改善计算收敛性。使用改进的时频域融合算法对某真实燃机叶片的非线性强迫振动响应进行了分析。在一定的参数条件下,改进的时频域融合算法计算时间为原算法计算时间的 ,且精度误差不超过 。研究表明：改进的时频域融合算法能够适用于复杂摩擦接触下阻尼结构叶片的振动响应计算。     

非循环对称力作用下离心叶轮的谐响应分析

为研究流场中离心叶轮受气流激振的受迫振动问题,利用叶盘结构的循环对称性编制计算程序,实现了使用循环对称模型进行非循环对称力作用下离心叶轮的谐响应分析。针对空间周期性的来流条件,由各扇区所受周期激励的相位差建立载荷向量,然后根据按扇区展开的叶轮各节径模态的振型数据,建立模态坐标系下的谐响应运动方程,计算得到叶轮的谐响应位移;以一半开式径向叶轮为例,进行了叶盘结构在气动力非循环对称分布情况下的谐响应分析。循环对称模型与整体模型计算的位移响应结果符合较好,两个共振点附近激振频率下的振动响应均呈现出较高的幅值,表明了算法的正确性和预测气流激励导致共振的有效性。     

基于频域变采样的OFDM水声移动通信多普勒补偿算法

针对正交频分复用技术(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)在水声移动通信条件下存在对多普勒频偏敏感的缺陷,提出了一种基于频域变采样技术的多普勒补偿算法。利用移动通信条件下OFDM子载波正交性不变的特点,通过频域变采样实现对多普勒的快速补偿,并采用编码反馈校验技术跟踪系统多普勒变化,达到了OFDM移动通信条件下实时通信的目的。仿真和水池实验结果证实:频域变采样多普勒补偿算法不仅可以实时地跟踪通信载体运动变化,快速补偿多普勒,同时大幅降低了时域变采样多普勒补偿算法的计算量,降低了通信系统硬件平台复杂度。     

桥梁抖振时域和频域分析的一致性研究

为考查时域分析方法用于桥梁抖振分析的可行性和可靠性,基于相同的分析参数,分别采用时域和频域分析方法对一斜拉桥的抖振响应进行分析,并从结构振动型态、抖振响应均方根及抖振响应功率谱密度函数三个方面对时域和频域分析结果的一致性进行了较详细的比较。时域抖振响应分析中,采用谱解法模拟了斜拉桥的脉动风场,抖振力采用准定常表达形式,自激力采用Y.K. Lin 表达形式。由于自激力的存在,结构的运动方程为非线性,提出了一种迭代方法来考虑自激力引起的非线性。采用Newmark-β方法进行积分计算。频域抖振分析采用多模态耦合分析方法。时域及频域抖振响应分析结果的一致性较好,这表明了大跨度斜拉桥时域抖振响应分析的可行性和可靠性。     

引入减基法的压电层合板瞬态响应分析

摘要：用减基法（RBM）结合有限元法、傅里叶变换和Newmark直接积分法,研究了压电层合板在机电耦合载荷下的瞬态响应。用层单元将层合板沿厚度方向进行离散,得到时间域内的运动方程,通过傅里叶变换得到波数域内的控制方程。应用Newmark直接积分法求解波数域内的位移和电势,并在Newmark法求解过程嵌入减基法,构造减基空间,把结构的等效刚度矩阵、质量矩阵和载荷列向量映射到减基空间降阶,得到减缩的Newmark增量式,从而快速求解得到原结构波数域响应,通过傅里叶逆变换得到时域内的响应。以PZT-5A/0°PVDF铺层两相材料复合压电层合板为算例,分析了机电耦合线载荷激励下,位移场和电势场的瞬态响应情况。计算结果表明,求解过程引入减基法能更快得到结构的瞬态响应,并保证了精度。     

含单面限位局部非线性结构的主频响应分析

对于含单面限位的大型局部非线性结构,其主频响应特性往往与限位的位置、大小和数量密切相关。研究含单面限位局部非线性结构的主频响应分析方法,采用非线性控制中的描述函数来表征单面限位非线性的频域特性;通过逆阵更新方法进行降维处理,极大地提高了频域响应的计算效率;搭建含单面限位约束的实验梁结构,在不同激励幅值和间隙大小情况下,测量约束梁结构的频响曲线。数值仿真与实验结果获得了较好的一致性,验证了所提出的局部非线性结构主频响应分析方法的有效性。     

海洋平台动力模型缩聚

针对一位于渤海湾的CII海洋平台,在建立有限元模型的基础上,将主坐标选择在平台桩腿上,应用动力模型减缩技术,得到平台减缩模型.采用模态阻尼识别结果,获得平台减缩模型下的阻尼矩阵,从而由系统质量矩阵M、刚度矩阵K和阻尼矩阵C构成振动控制分析等所用的结构动力减缩模型.对减缩模型进行动力响应分析,与有限元模型分析结果相比,表明两者具有较好的等价性.     

一种多子阵合成孔径声纳CS成像算法

由于方位向采样不均匀,已有的频域算法如CS算法（ChirpScaling）等不能直接应用于多子阵合成孔径声纳成像．提出了一种可用于方位向不均匀采样多子阵合成孔径声纳的CS成像算法。此方法利用多子阵合成孔径声纳系统等间隔布阵和匀速直线运动的特点,将方位向不均匀采样的傅立叶变换分解为若干均匀采样的傅立叶变换,从而可以利用FFT提高计算效率。成像结果及分析表明,此方法可以很好应用于多子阵合成孔径声纳成像,并保持了标准CS算法快速高效的特点。     

基于香农采样定理的结构风振时域计算改进

基于同步测点的风压时程数据的响应计算有两种方法:时域法和频域法,它们得到的结果存在一定的差异。针对如何改善时域算法的精度进行研究,提出基于香农采样定理对风压时程数据进行加密的方法。将此方法运用到一个有解析解的两自由度结构算例和一个实际工程算例中,对采样数据量和采样频率都一定的荷载时程数据进行香农插值加密;分别采用插值加密之后的数据与未插值加密的数据进行计算,得到频域和时域结果。通过计算结果的比较得到以下结论:荷载时程数据相同的情况下,对于风致振动响应,频域计算的结果一般比时域计算更精确,时域计算的误差主要由高频部分的误差引起;运用香农采样定理,对已采得的数据进行插值加密,频域计算精度基本不变,但时域计算精度能得到提高。     

多谐差相信号激励下的频域建模

本文介绍一种新的激励信号—多谐差相信号（SPHS）来进行系统频域建模的方法．分析了多谐差相信号的产生和特点。以一个典型的单输人单输出系统为例．探讨采用多谐差相信号进行系统参数辨识的步骤,并且着重介绍了用MATLAB编程的具体实现,给出了参数辨识结果。     

Digital algorithm based on orthogonal decomposition for measurement of dielectric loss factor

As one of the most important technical indexes for the evaluation of insulation condition, the dielectric loss factor is necessary in preventive experiments and online monitoring of insulation of high-voltage apparatuses in an electric power system. First, the definition of the dielectric loss factor and the impact of the harmonic voltage on that was discussed. Secondly, the voltage and the leakage current were defined as vectors in normed linear space. By using the characteristic of an orthogonal vector in the inner product space, the leakage current signal was decomposed to active and reactive components that were orthogonal. Subsequently, a novel digital algorithm of the dielectric loss factor measurement, which was defined as the ratio of norms of the active current to the reactive current, was proposed. At last, the proposed algorithm was simulated under several conditions such as harmonic voltage and voltage frequency fluctuation. In addition, the proposed algorithm was tested on two electric power capacitors. Both simulation and experiment results were provided and show that the proposed algorithm is simpler and less sensitive to influence factors than the Fourier analysis method.     

Measuring power system harmonics and interharmonics by an improved fast Fourier transform-based algorithm

The fast Fourier transform (FFT) has been widely used for the signal processing because of its computational efficiency. Because of the spectral leakage and picket-fence effects associated with the system fundamental frequency variation and improperly selected sampling time window, a direct application of the FFT algorithm with a constant sampling rate may lead to inaccurate results for continuously measuring power system harmonics and interharmonics. An improved FFT-based algorithm to measure harmonics and interharmonics accurately is proposed. In the proposed algorithm, a frequency-domain interpolation approach is adopted to determine the system fundamental frequency, and the interpolatory polynomial method is applied to reconstruct the sampled time-domain signal; it is followed by using the FFT to calculate the actual harmonic components. Then, the frequency-domain interpolation is again applied to find the interharmonic components. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated by testing the actual measured waveforms. Results are compared with those obtained by directly applying a typical FFT algorithm and by the IEC grouping method. It shows that the solutions determined by the proposed algorithm are more accurate, and a reasonable computational efficiency is maintained.     

Analysis of Harmonics in Power Systems Using the Wavelet-Packet Transform

This paper proposes a new algorithm based on the wavelet-packet transform for the analysis of harmonics in power systems. The proposed algorithm decomposes the voltage/current waveforms into the uniform frequency bands corresponding to the odd-harmonic components of the signal and uses a method to reduce the spectral leakage due to the imperfect frequency response of the used wavelet filter bank. This paper studies the selection of the mother wavelet, the sampling frequency, and the frequency characteristics of the wavelet filter bank for the two most common wavelet functions used for harmonic analysis and compares the performance of the proposed method with the results obtained using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) analysis and the harmonic-group concept introduced by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) under different measurement conditions.     

Higher order eigensensitivities‐based numerical method for the harmonic analysis of viscoelastically damped structures

This paper presents an efficient numerical method for the harmonic analysis of viscoelastically damped structural systems characterized by a frequency‐dependent structural damping matrix, making use of the complex mode superposition method. Departing from the undamped eigensolution, the proposed numerical method updates the complex and frequency‐dependent eigenpair avoiding the solution of a complex eigenproblem for each computational frequency. The complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors are updated within the desired tolerance by an adaptive step‐size control scheme using the first‐ and higher order eigenderivatives. The influence on the computation time of the considered number of eigenderivatives and the tolerance is discussed, and the efficiency of the proposed numerical method for the harmonic analysis of viscoelastically damped large‐ordered structural systems is proved. Finally, a practical application is presented where the harmonic response of a constrained layer damping cantilever beam subjected to a base motion is analyzed. The complex and frequency‐dependent eigenvalues and eigenvectors are computed, the modal contributions to the total response are determined, and the total response is approximated by the complex mode superposition method. Finally, the approximated response is validated with the exact one computed by the direct frequency method and with that experimentally measured. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种锥形定位节面变幅杆结构优化设计研究

为提高变幅杆的振动传递及振幅输出特性,基于解析法设计了具有锥形定位节面结构的旋转超声加工变幅杆,通过预应力模态分析与谐响应分析进行了优化设计;通过响应面优化方法建立27个优化设计点,分别以放大系数最大化、最大等效应力最小化与谐振频率最接近理论设计频率为第一、第二与第三优化目标,并提出一种5阶模态频响曲面验证方法,通过(2~6)阶5个模态频响曲面分析结果对优化设计点的最优优化解进行验证。研究表明,基于该研究提出的方法,结构优化设计后的变幅杆能够提高放大系数,降低最大等效应力,并使谐振频率接近理论设计频率,提高超声加工的能量利用率。对旋转超声加工装备的性能研究与开发具有一定的指导意义。     

Harmonic Estimation Base on Center Frequency Shift Algorithm

Harmonic pollution has been a key issue affecting the safe operation of power system. But the traditional harmonic analysis methods are easy to be affected by the environmental factors. In order to reduce the impact of these disturbances, a novel harmonic analysis method based on center frequency shift is presented. The harmonic spectral lines located at the half frequency points is need for frequency shift in time domain. However, to considering the harmonic spectral lines after frequency shift will not be just in the ideal position, an offset factor is proposed for modifying the position of the harmonic spectral lines. At the same time, the corresponding formulas to estimate the magnitude, phase angle and frequency are deduced. The simulation results show that the FFT harmonic parameter estimation algorithm based on center frequency shift is effective. The parameters of harmonic signals can be accurately estimated by the algorithm. And the interference factors can also be suppressed.     

基于主元分析和频响函数的网架结构损伤识别方法

提出了以频响函数作为损伤识别的基本参变量,利用主元分析和多元控制图来识别网架结构损伤的方法。首先利用网架动测得到的频响函数数据建立原始资料矩阵,运用主元分析方法,对原始资料阵进行降维处理,然后利用携带原始数据信息最多的前几阶主元,在低维空间中对数据信息特征进行分析、提取。由前几阶主元作出多元控制图,通过分离异常数据,来识别网架结构的损伤。为了验证该方法的可靠性,试验完成了足尺网架在单杆和双杆等4种不同损伤情况下动测试验。结果显示,提出的方法是可行的、可靠的,对在噪声环境下和具有弱非线性网架的损伤识别有良好的适应性。该方法不需要模态参数,避免了模态拟合中的误差,识别过程简捷,识别结果可靠。     

基于增量谐波平衡方法的Spar平台垂荡纵摇耦合内共振响应研究

针对经典的Spar平台垂荡纵摇耦合运动问题,为解决传统小参数摄动方法和时间步进分析方法的不足,提出将增量谐波平衡方法(Incremental Harmonic Balance Method,IHBM)应用于研究其内共振响应特性。根据Floquet稳定性分析理论,对周期解的稳定性和分叉特性进行分析;在此基础上,通过将该方法与增量弧长法相结合,实现了快速、连续获得Spar平台垂荡纵摇耦合周期运动响应的目的;将IHBM计算结果与时域模拟和多尺度法计算结果进行对比,验证了该方法的准确性和高效性,该方法能够准确预测当波浪激励力频率满足一定条件,系统发生内共振时引起的纵摇不稳定运动现象。对于垂荡纵摇耦合产生的概周期运动,该方法结合Floquet理论能准确预测其发生的参数区间,从而为该周期运动的分析提供良好的基础。     

Exact solutions of axial vibration problems of elastic bars

While exact solutions for linear static analysis of most frame structures can be obtained by the finite element method, it is very difficult to obtain exact solutions for free vibration and harmonic analyses for non‐trivial cases. This paper presents a study on new finite element formulation and algorithms for exact solutions of undamped axial vibration problems of elastic bars. Appropriate shape functions are constructed by using the homogeneous governing equations, and based on the new shape functions, a novel element is formulated. An iterative procedure is proposed for determining both the exact natural frequency values and the corresponding vibration mode shapes. Exact solutions can also be obtained for undamped harmonic response analyses by using the new element, as its stiffness and mass matrices are exact for a specified frequency. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed element and algorithm. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive resonator-based method for power system harmonic analysis

A simple algorithm for the harmonic estimation, in a wide range of frequency changes, with benefits in a reduced complexity and computational efforts is prescribed. This implementation is based on a recently introduced common structure for recursive discrete transforms and contemplated as an implementation of finite-impulse-response (FIR) and infinite-impulse-response (MR) filter transfer functions to reduce computational efforts. This structure consists of digital resonators in a common negative feedback loop. The structure of the estimation algorithm consists of two decoupled modules: the first one for an adaptive filter of input signal with harmonic amplitude and phase calculation, the second one for an external frequency estimation. A very suitable algorithm for frequency and harmonic phasor estimations is obtained. To demonstrate the performance of the developed algorithm, computer-simulated data records are processed. Simulation results show that this algorithm is applicable to detect the harmonic amplitudes of steady-state, varying and decaying sinusoidal signals. It has been found that the proposed method really meets the needs of online applications. This technique provides accurate amplitude estimates in about one period.