光伏电池最大功率点跟踪控制研究

本文基于光伏电池数学模型,建立了光伏电池仿真模型.该模型能准确反映光伏电池的输出特性,而且参数调节方便.在不同的串联电阻和日照强度变化条件下,对光伏电池输出特性理论分析的基础上,建立实现最大功率跟踪(MPPT)的控制模型,仿真结果证明光伏电池的输出特性呈非线性,并随串联电阻和日照强度的变化而变化.为克服光伏电池输出功率...     

效率为8.55%的100cm~2单结集成型非晶硅太阳电池的研究

本文报道了一种以分室连续沉积技术,在具有实用价值尺寸上制作的单结集成型非晶硅太阳电池。并扼要地介绍了研究中的几个关键问题,最后给出一些电池的典型参数和输出特性曲线。     

高效率非晶硅薄膜太阳电池进展

本文综述了非晶硅薄膜太阳电池的发展进程,介绍了非晶硅电池的结构改进和集成型结构的非晶硅电池组件,激光切割技术.     

非晶硅顶电池中的n型掺杂层对非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池性能的影响

采用超高频等离子增强化学气相沉积(VHF-PECVD)技术,逐次高速沉积非品硅顶电池及微晶硅底电池,形成pin/pin型非晶硅/微晶硅叠层电池.通常顶电池的n层与底电池的P层均采用微晶硅材料来形成隧穿复合结,然而该叠层电池的光谱响应测试结果表明,顶电池存在着明显的漏电现象.针对该问题作者提出,在顶电池的微品硅n层中引入非晶硅n保护层的方法.实验结果表明,非晶硅n层的引入有效地改善了顶电池漏电的现象;在非晶硅n层的厚度为6nm时,顶电池的漏电现象消失,叠层电池的开路电压由原来的1.27提高到1.33V,填允因子由60%提高剑63%.     

基于Matlab/Simulink的光伏电池建模与仿真

为了研究光伏发电系统,该文根据光伏电池的数学模型,利用Matlab软件在Matlab/Simulink下搭建了一种光伏电池仿真模型.通过对搭建模型运行仿真得出了光伏电池的特性曲线,并且经过改变外界参数对不同环境下的光伏电池的输出特性曲线进行了比较,得出了相应结论:不同环境下光伏电池的输出特性是不同的,且按照一定的规律变化,但每一种环境下光伏电池都有唯一的最大功率输出点.这对光伏并网系统的研究具有重要意义.     

非晶硅顶电池中的n型掺杂层对非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池性能的影响

采用超高频等离子增强化学气相沉积(VHF-PECVD)技术,逐次高速沉积非品硅顶电池及微晶硅底电池,形成pin/pin型非晶硅/微晶硅叠层电池.通常顶电池的n层与底电池的P层均采用微晶硅材料来形成隧穿复合结,然而该叠层电池的光谱响应测试结果表明,顶电池存在着明显的漏电现象.针对该问题作者提出,在顶电池的微品硅n层中引入非晶硅n保护层的方法.实验结果表明,非晶硅n层的引入有效地改善了顶电池漏电的现象;在非晶硅n层的厚度为6nm时,顶电池的漏电现象消失,叠层电池的开路电压由原来的1.27提高到1.33V,填允因子由60%提高剑63%.     

非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池特性研究

介绍了太阳能电池的工作原理,并给出了太阳能电池的物理模型。设计了室内测试非晶硅薄膜电池输出特性的实验,并对实验结果进行分析。搭建了小型独立光伏发电系统,给出系统的工程设计结构。实验结果表明,太阳能电池的转换效率与室内实验所测得的结果相吻合,证明该系统具有可靠性和高效性。     

硅基薄膜太阳电池研究进展

硅基薄膜电池主要包括氢化非晶硅电池、氢化微晶硅电池、多晶硅薄膜电池以及硅薄膜叠层电池.本文归纳了硅基薄膜材料和器件的微观结构、光学和电学特性,讨论了硅基薄膜电池性能的优化设计,并介绍了近期的研究进展情况,比如,氢化非晶硅抗反射涂层、晶粒为几个纳米的微晶硅材料、中间插入反射层的新型叠层电池结构以及具有高稳定性的多晶硅薄膜电池CSG.     

基于Matlab／Simulink的光伏电池仿真模型研究

介绍一种以输出特性为基础的光伏电池数学模型,该模型通过光伏电池的4个标准性能参数拟合出电池输出特性,它能模拟光伏阵列在任意太阳辐射强度、环境温度下的输出特性。最后,在Matlab／Simulink环境下建立光伏电池的仿真模型,将仿真结果与实测结果进行对比．验证该模型的准确性。     

PIN型非晶硅薄膜太阳电池仿真研究

运用AMPS软件,对TCO/p-a-SiC:H/i-a-Si:H/n-a-Si:H/metal型非晶硅薄膜太阳电池进行了仿真研究,重点模拟和分析了电池性能参数随i层和n层厚度变化的规律.结果表明,为了获得电池转换效率和短路电流密度的最大值,n 层非晶硅薄膜应尽可能地减小厚度,而i层非晶硅薄膜厚度最好控制在500～700 nm范围内.     

Design of Ag nanograting for broadband absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon thin film solar cells

Light trapping is one of the key issues to improve the light absorption and increase the efficiency of thin film solar cells. The effects of the triangular Ag nanograting on the absorption of amorphous silicon solar cells were investigated by a numerical simulation based on the finite element method. The light absorption under different angle and area of the grating has been calculated. Furthermore, the light absorption with different incident angle has been calculated. The optimization results show that the absorption of the solar cell with triangular Ag nanograting structure and anti-reflection film is enhanced up to 96% under AM1.5 illumination in the 300–800 nm wavelength range compared with the reference cell. The physical mechanisms of absorption enhancement in different wavelength range have been discussed. Furthermore, the solar cell with the Ag nanograting is much less sensitive to the angle of incident light. These results are promising for the design of amorphous silicon thin film solar cells with enhanced performance.     

非晶硅薄膜光伏电池结构参数分析

考虑到nip型[ITO/a-Si(n)/a-Si(i)/a-Si(p)/Al]非晶硅光伏电池的各膜层厚度、掺杂浓度等因素,对非晶硅光伏电池的转换效率、填充因子、开路电压等性能参数进行了数值分析与讨论。结果表明,随p型层厚度的增加,光伏电池的短路电流密度、转换效率、开路电压值都有所增加。当本征层的厚度增加时,短波段内的光谱响应变差、内量子效率下降。当n型层厚度为5 nm,本征层厚度为5 nm,p型层厚度为10μm,受主掺杂浓度为2.5×1019cm-3,施主掺杂浓度为1.5×1016cm-3时,转换效率可达9.728%。     

晶体硅太阳电池烧结工艺优化

金属电极与硅的接触电阻是影响太阳电池填充因子和短路电流进而影响光电转换效率的重要因素之一。首先对晶体硅太阳电池的烧结工艺进行了优化,利用平台式烧结温度曲线代替陡坡式烧结温度曲线。然后,采用Core Scan方法测试工艺优化前后晶体硅太阳电池丝网印刷烧结银电极与硅之间的接触电阻Rc,并测试了工艺优化前后电池片的IV特性。数据显示烧结工艺优化后可减小银电极与硅的接触电阻,从而提高了太阳电池的光电转化效率。平台式烧结温度曲线更适用浅结高方阻的电池结构。     

Silicon heterojunction solar cell: a new buffer Layer concept with low-temperature epitaxial silicon

Amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells, deposited by the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique, have been fabricated using different technologies to passivate defects at the heterointerface: without treatment, the insertion of a thin intrinsic amorphous layer or that of a thin intrinsic epitaxial layer. The open circuit voltage of heterojunction solar cells fabricated including an intrinsic amorphous buffer layer is strangely lower than in devices with no buffer layer. The structure of the amorphous buffer layer is investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscope observations. As an alternative to amorphous silicon, the insertion of a fully epitaxial silicon layer, deposited at low temperature with conventional PECVD technique in a hydrogen-silane gas mixture, was tested. Using the amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon (p a-Si/i epi-Si/n c-Si) heterojunction structure in solar cells, a 13.5% efficiency and a 605-mV open circuit voltage were achieved on flat Czochralski silicon substrates. These results demonstrate that epitaxial silicon can be successfully used to passivate interface defects, allowing for an open circuit voltage gain of more than 50 mV compared to cells with no buffer layer. In this paper, the actual structure of the amorphous silicon buffer layer used in heterojunction solar cells is discussed. We make the hypothesis that this buffer layer, commonly considered amorphous, is actually epitaxial.     

VHF-PECVD制备不同衬底温度微晶硅薄膜结构研究

采用微区拉曼散射、傅立叶变换红外吸收和光热偏转谱对VHF-PECVD制备的不同衬底温度硅薄膜进行了微结构分析.结果表明:随衬底温度的升高,薄膜逐渐由非晶向微晶过渡,晶化率(Xc)逐渐增大,样品中的氢含量逐渐降低.在200~250℃条件下制备的微晶硅薄膜具有低的缺陷密度.通过优化工艺条件制备出了效率达7.1%的单结微晶硅太阳电池,电池厚度仅为1.2μm,且没有ZnO背反射电极.     

NIP型非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池的研究

采用射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积(RF-PECVD)技术制备非晶硅(a-Si)NIP太阳能电池,其中电池的窗口层采用P型晶化硅薄膜,电池结构为Al/glass/SnO2/N(a-Si:H)/I(a-Si:H)/P(cryst-Si:H)/ITO/Al.为了使P型晶化硅薄膜能够在a-Si表面成功生长,电池制备过程中采用了H等离子体处理a-Si表面的方法.通过调节电池P层和N层厚度和H等离子体处理a-Si表面的时间,优化了太阳能电池的制备工艺.结果表明,使用H等离子体处理a-Si表面5 min,可以在a-Si表面获得高电导率的P型晶化硅薄膜,并且这种结构可以应用到电池上;当P型晶化硅层沉积时间12.5 min,N层沉积12 min,此种结构电池特性最好,效率达6.40%.通过调整P型晶化硅薄膜的结构特征,将能进一步改善电池的性能.     

Simulation analysis of the effects of a back surface field on a p-a-Si:H/n-c-Si/n+-a-Si:H heterojunction solar cell

In order to investigate the effects of a back surface field (BSF) on the performance of a p-doped amorphous silicon (p-a-Si:H)/n-doped crystalline silicon (n-c-Si) solar cell, a heterojunction solar cell with a p-a-Si:H/nc-Si/n+-a-Si:H structure was designed. An n+-a-Si:H film was deposited on the back of an n-c-Si wafer as the BSF.The photovoltaic performance of p-a-Si:H/n-c-Si/n+-a-Si:H solar cells were simulated. It was shown that the BSF of the p-a-Si:H/n-c-Si/n+-a-Si:H solar cells could effectively inhibit the decrease of the cell performance caused by interface states.     

Numerical investigation of a double-junction a:SiGe thin-film solar cell including the multi-trench region

We present a new approach based on the multi-trench technique to improve the electrical performances, which are the fill factor and the electrical efficiency. The key idea behind this approach is to introduce a new multi-trench region in the intrinsic layer, in order to modulate the total resistance of the solar cell. Based on 2-D numerical investigation and optimization of amorphous SiGe double-junction (a-Si:H/a-SiGe:H) thin film solar cells, in the present paper numerical models of electrical and optical parameters are developed to explain the impact of the multi-trench technique on the improvement of the double-junction solar cell electrical behavior for high performance photovoltaic applications. In this context, electrical characteristics of the proposed design are analyzed and compared with conventional amorphous silicon double-junction thin-film solar cells.     

不同工作温度下a-Si(n)/c-Si(p)/uc-Si(p )异质结太阳能电池微晶硅背场的模拟计算与优化

采用Afors-het太阳能电池异质结模拟软件,模拟了在不同工作温度下微晶硅背场对a-Si(n)/c-Si(p)异质结太阳能电池性能的影响。结果表明,随着背场带隙的增加,开路电压和转化效率都增大。随着背场掺杂浓度的增加,开路电压、填充因子和转化效率都在不断地增加;随着背场厚度的增加,电池性能有所下降。随着电池工作温度的上升,微晶硅背场所对应的最佳浓度掺杂值和最佳厚度值变化不大。但是随着温度的上升,微晶硅背场所对应的最佳带隙值有明显的右移趋势。实验结果为电池的商业化生产提供了实验参数。