高强不锈钢绞线网增强ECC加固RC短柱轴心受压试验

在新型复合材料“高强不锈钢绞线网增强工程水泥基复合材料(ECC)(简称HSME)”的力学性能和约束素混凝土受压性能研究基础上,将钢筋混凝土(RC)短柱配筋率和混凝土强度以及加固层的ECC强度和横向钢绞线配筋率作为参数,试验研究高强不锈钢绞线网增强ECC加固RC短柱轴心受压性能。结果表明,和未加固RC短柱相比,HSME加固RC短柱不仅承载力大幅度提升,而且破坏时裂而不碎、具有明显的延性破坏特征,开裂荷载、峰值荷载及峰值位移显著提高;荷载达峰值荷载80%左右和峰值荷载时,试件表面最大裂缝宽度仅为0.09 mm和0.25 mm,表现出优良的多缝开裂和裂缝控制能力。HSME加固RC短柱荷载-位移曲线属于偏态的单峰曲线,包含弹性、裂缝发展、最大荷载和承载力下降四个阶段。随着ECC抗压强度和横向不锈钢绞线配筋率增大,HSME加固柱开裂荷载和峰值荷载均明显增大;增大RC柱配筋率和混凝土强度可提高加固柱峰值荷载和延性。     

高延性混凝土偏心受压柱正截面受力性能试验研究

为研究高延性混凝土（HDC）偏心受压柱的受力性能,进行了6个HDC试件和2个RC试件的偏心受压试验,研究HDC偏压柱的破坏形态、承载力及变形能力。试验结果表明:采用HDC替换混凝土可明显改善小偏心受压柱的脆性破坏,提高构件发生小偏心受压破坏的变形能力;相对于RC大偏心受压柱,HDC大偏心受压柱表现出较好的裂缝控制能力,破坏时受拉区裂缝均匀而细密;随着偏心距增大,HDC偏压构件的承载力降低,变形能力提高。正截面受力分析表明:HDC偏心受压构件的相对界限受压区高度均大于RC构件,更有利于高强钢筋的力学性能发挥;考虑HDC受拉作用的偏心受压构件正截面承载力计算结果与试验值吻合良好。该文研究结果可为HDC偏心受压构件截面设计提供试验依据和理论基础。     

PVC-CFRP管钢筋混凝土柱的偏心受压性能

通过24根聚氯乙烯-碳纤维增强树脂(PVC-CFRP)管钢筋混凝土柱的偏心受压试验,分析了CFRP条带环箍间距和偏心距对PVC-CFRP管钢筋混凝土柱的破坏形态、承载力、应变及荷载-位移关系的影响。试验结果表明:小偏压试件发生混凝土和PVC管的压碎破坏,大偏压试件发生钢筋受拉屈服和PVC管的拉断破坏。随着偏心距和CFRP条带环箍间距的增加,与PVC管钢筋混凝土柱相比,PVC-CFRP管钢筋混凝土试件的承载力逐渐减小,小偏压试件延性系数有不同程度的提高,大偏压试件延性系数基本保持不变。纵向钢筋和混凝土应变发展基本一致,截面受压侧CFRP条带的应变较小,试件截面的应变基本符合平截面假定。试件的荷载-挠度关系和弯矩-曲率关系分为两阶段,CFRP条带环箍间距和偏心距对第一阶段基本没有影响,第二阶段为直线强化段,随着偏心距和CFRP条带环箍间距的增加,强化段的斜率逐渐减小。     

钢筋网高延性混凝土加固砖柱偏心受压性能试验及计算方法研究

通过27个钢筋网高延性混凝土(HDC)面层加固砖柱的偏心受压试验,研究了不同偏心距荷载作用下加固砖柱的破坏形态和受力性能,并对荷载-位移曲线、极限承载力以及砖柱截面应变进行了分析。结果表明:钢筋网HDC面层与砌体具有良好的协调工作能力,可大幅度提高砖柱的承载力和变形能力,改善了砖柱的脆性破坏特征,并且提高了砖柱的整体性;随偏心距增大,砖柱的承载力逐渐降低,但初始偏心距并未削弱钢筋网HDC面层的加固效果。考虑HDC的抗拉作用,并对加固层的应力进行计算简化,得到钢筋网HDC面层加固偏心受压砖柱的承载力计算公式,与试验结果吻合较好。分析了二次受力对砖柱承载力的影响,给出了不同初始偏心荷载作用下的HDC抗压强度利用系数,可供加固设计参考使用。     

高延性混凝土加固震损混凝土短柱轴压性能试验及承载能力研究

通过9个高延性混凝土(HDC)加固震损混凝土短柱轴心受压试验,研究了在大的截面尺寸和高度下HDC加固对混凝土短柱加固效果的影响程度,探讨了HDC加固混凝土短柱的承载能力以及变形能力。试验结果表明:利用HDC良好的裂缝控制能力和界面黏结能力,使得受损混凝土短柱的峰值应力达到原柱的80%～90%,峰值荷载提高了10%～30%,纵向极限应变提高了约47%～141%,对应的纵向极限荷载提高了约48.7%～129.0%,横向极限应变可达0.42%～0.77%,约为加固前的2倍～3倍,横向极限荷载提高了23%～112%,受损混凝土短柱的延性得到极大地增强,承载能力得到一定程度地提高。对应力应变全过程曲线进行拟合分析,实测曲线与计算曲线拟合较好。基于破坏机理与约束理论,给出轴心受压承载力公式,公式计算值与试验实测值吻合较好。     

HDC与RPC加固RC柱轴心受压性能试验研究

为研究高延性混凝土(HDC)和活性粉末混凝土(RPC)围套加固钢筋混凝土(RC)柱的轴心抗压性能,设计制作了8个RC方柱,其中4个采用HDC加固、3个采用RPC加固、1个未加固作为对比试件,通过轴心受压试验,研究了加固层材料、加固层受压方式和加固层是否配置钢筋网对试验结果的影响,分析了各试件的破坏形态、荷载-位移曲线和应变发展规律。试验结果表明:加固柱的破坏形态得到改善;配置钢筋网的加固层整体性较强;加固层与混凝土界面具有可靠的粘结强度,两者变形协调;加固试件的承载力和变形能力均有所提高;加固层直接受压的加固试件承载力提高幅度较大。通过分析加固层的工作机理,考虑了加固层应力滞后的影响,给出加固试件的受压承载力计算公式,其计算结果与试验结果较为吻合。     

新型复合材料“高强钢绞线网/ECC约束素混凝土”受压性能试验研究

考虑混凝土强度、工程水泥基复合材料(ECC)强度和横向高强钢绞线配筋率等因素，研究新型复合材料“高强钢绞线网/ECC约束素混凝土”(以下简称HSE约束素混凝土)的受压性能。HSE约束素混凝土轴心受压试验显示，达到最大荷载的30%左右时，约束层ECC出现约为0.01 mm的竖向裂缝；约为最大荷载的85%时，表面最大裂缝宽度约为0.07 mm；达到最大荷载时，最大裂缝宽度仅为0.20 mm；说明该新型复合材料具有很好的裂缝分散和控制能力。之后荷载缓慢下降至最大荷载75%左右，第一根横向钢绞线断裂；达到破坏时裂而不碎，约束层和核心混凝土未发生黏结破坏，完整性良好。HSE约束素混凝土与素混凝土相比，其开裂应力提高了88%~116%；轴心抗压强度提高了21%~49%、轴心压应变增加了约45%；极限压应变提高了106%~175%。ECC强度和混凝土强度及横向钢绞线配筋率的提高，均增大其开裂和最大荷载及极限压应变。      

钢管混凝土组合柱压弯性能试验及承载力计算

现行叠合柱规程CECS188:2005计算钢管混凝土组合柱压弯承载力时,不计钢管作用影响,构件承载能力未充分利用。为此,该文通过钢管混凝土组合柱偏心受压试验,考察破坏形态及约束机理,完善压弯承载力计算理论。研究表明:钢管混凝土组合柱发生大、小偏心受压破坏,以受拉区纵筋达到屈服强度,同时混凝土受压边缘达到极限压应变为界限破坏准则;截面应变符合平截面假定,其中钢管横向应变随着偏心距减小而增大,即钢管约束作用增强,倾向于轴心受压构件而不可忽略;最后提出能够考虑钢管及其约束作用的正截面压弯承载力计算公式,通过40组试验样本的验证表明,该方法计算合理可靠,可用于指导设计。     

CFRP复合材料加固钢筋混凝土柱偏心受压性能尺寸效应的试验

碳纤维增强树脂（CFRP）复合材料是一种具有轻质、高强和抗腐蚀等优点的新型高性能材料,为了研究尺寸效应对CFRP复合材料布加固钢筋混凝土柱偏心受压性能的影响,本文进行了相关的试验研究。试验共制作了15根尺寸成比例的钢筋混凝土柱试件,试验考虑了构件尺寸、偏心距和CFRP复合材料布加固层数三种因素的影响。试验结果表明:CFRP复合材料布加固钢筋混凝土柱的破坏形态、相对挠度、CFRP复合材料布峰值应变、钢筋峰值应变都存在明显的尺寸效应; CFRP复合材料布加固钢筋混凝土柱的极限荷载随偏心距的增大而减少,尺寸越大,减小趋势越平缓;在相同偏心距下,随着CFRP复合材料布加固钢筋混凝土柱试件截面尺寸的增加,安全储备系数逐渐减小。      

钢筋网约束矩形钢管混凝土柱-混凝土梁节点的核心区受压极限承载力研究

为研究钢筋网约束矩形钢管混凝土柱-梁节点的核心区受压极限承载力,对8个带上下短柱的弱节点试件进行了加载试验,探讨节点区的破坏形态、峰值承载力以及节点内钢筋的应变特点。试验结果表明:轴压和偏压试件的节点区破坏形态不同;随着初始偏心与节点高度的增大,试件的峰值承载力明显降低,但节点宽度对极限承载力影响不明显。在规范配筋混凝土局压承载力计算公式的基础上,引入节点高度影响系数,并考虑荷载的偏心作用,建立节点区受压承载力计算公式。该公式与试验结果较为符合。     

FRP筋-钢筋增强ECC-混凝土组合柱抗震性能研究

提出一种在塑性铰区域采用高延性纤维增强水泥基复合材料(ECC)替代混凝土来改善FRP筋-钢筋增强混凝土柱抗震性能的新方法。对FRP筋-钢筋增强ECC-混凝土构件进行了低周往复荷载试验,系统地考察了基体材料、筋材种类、轴压比对构件破坏模态、裂缝模式、承载力、残余变形、延性和耗能能力的影响。结果表明,将ECC替代塑性铰区域混凝土能够有效避免FRP筋的受压屈曲,进而显著提升组合柱的抗震性能。与钢筋增强ECC-混凝土组合柱相比,复合筋增强ECC-混凝土组合柱的残余变形明显更小,且屈服后的刚度更高。随着轴压比的增大,构件极限强度升高但变形能力降低。通过有限元参数分析可知,组合柱的承载力和变形能力均随着ECC抗压强度及总配筋率的增大而增大;在总配筋率不变的情况下,FRP筋占比越高,构件的延性越好。     

Experimental Study on the Seismic Performance of Columns Reinforced by the CFRP Bar and Sheet

To analyze the influence of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) reinforcement ratio and CFRP sheet on the self-centering performances of concrete circular columns, five concrete circular columns were tested under the low-cyclic reversed load in this work. The five concrete circular columns included 1 RC (Reinforced Concrete) column, 2 CFRP bars reinforced concrete circular columns and 2 CFRP bars reinforced concrete circular columns with CFRP sheet strengthening partially. The hysteretic curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation, strength degradation, residual deformations, energy dissipation and ductility of the five circular columns were obtained and analyzed to verify the improvement of the seismic performances of the specimens reinforced with CFRP bars and CFRP sheets. At the same time, the reference opinions for practical applications of CFRP bars and CFRP sheets in structures can be provided. The test results showed that the bearing capacity and deformation capacities of the concrete circular columns reinforced with CFRP bars were 25.5% and 25% higher than that of the RC column, respectively. The deformation capacities, energy consumption capacities and deformation recovery capacities of CFRP bars reinforced concrete circular columns with CFRP sheet strengthening partially were 21.5%, 40% and 78.5% higher than that of the RC column, respectively.

     

An experimental study on the effect of environmental exposures and corrosion on RC columns with FRP composite jackets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various environmental conditions on the long-term behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns strengthened with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets. Small-scale RC columns were manufactured in the laboratory and conditioned under accelerated environmental cycling and accelerated corrosion process of reinforcing bars. Then, uni-axial compressive failure tests were conducted in order to evaluate the change of mechanical properties of the test columns due to the environmental effects. The results revealed that the mechanical properties of RC column system (RC + FRP) were altered due to the environmental conditioning and the corrosion of steel reinforcement, and each type of environmental conditions had its unique effects and features.     

CFRP筋增强ECC梁弯曲性能试验研究

为研究碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced polymer,CFRP)筋/超高韧性纤维增强水泥基复合材料(Engineered cementitious composite,ECC)梁的抗弯性能,对3根CFRP筋/ECC梁、1根玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(Glass fiber reinforced polymer,GFRP)筋/梁和1根CFRP筋混凝土梁进行了四点弯曲试验,分析了配筋率、纤维增强树脂复合材料(Fiber reinforced polymer,FRP)筋类型和基体类型对梁抗弯性能的影响。试验结果表明:CFRP筋/ECC梁与GFRP筋/ECC梁和CFRP筋混凝土梁类似,均经历了弹性阶段、带裂缝工作阶段和破坏阶段;配筋率对CFRP筋/ECC梁的受弯性能影响较大。随着配筋率的增加,CFRP筋/ECC梁的承载能力不断提高,延性性能逐渐减弱;ECC材料优异的应变硬化能力和受压延性,使得CFRP筋/ECC梁的极限承载能力和变形能力均优于CFRP筋混凝土梁;由于ECC材料多裂缝开裂能力,CFRP筋/ECC梁开裂后,纵筋表面应变分布比CFRP筋混凝土梁更均匀; 由于聚乙烯醇(Polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)纤维的桥联作用,CFRP筋/ECC梁破坏时,其表面出现了大量的细密裂缝,且能保持较好的完整性和自复位能力;正常使用阶段,CFRP筋/ECC梁的最大弯曲裂缝宽度均小于CFRP筋混凝土梁。最后,根据试验结果,建立了基于等效应力图的CFRP筋/ECC梁弯曲承载力简化计算模型,确定模型中的相关系数。由简化模型计算的极限承载力与试验结果具有较好的相关性。      

钢管自密实混凝土加固钢筋混凝土圆形短柱偏压性能研究

通过9根加固钢筋混凝土圆形短柱(8根钢管自密实混凝土复合加固柱,1根扩大截面加固柱)和1根钢筋混凝土原柱的偏心受压试验,对不同方法加固钢筋混凝土圆形短柱的承载力、刚度和延性进行研究,分析偏心距、钢管壁厚和自密实混凝土强度对复合加固短柱偏压性能的影响。试验结果表明:复合加固短柱的承载力与延性均优于扩大截面加固柱;减小偏心距或增加钢管壁厚均能显著提高复合加固柱的承载力与延性;改变自密实混凝土强度,复合加固柱承载力与延性变化不明显。在确定钢材与新旧混凝土本构关系的基础上,利用纤维模型法对复合加固短柱偏压性能进行参数分析。研究结果表明:增加钢管壁厚或提高屈服强度,N/N_u-M/M_u相关曲线往内收拢;增大外扩截面直径或提高自密实混凝土强度,N/N_u-M/M_u相关曲线往外凸出。     

A comparison of engineered cementitious composites versus normal concrete in beam-column joints under reversed cyclic loading

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are a class of high-performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite with strain hardening and multiple cracking properties. For a reinforced concrete member, substitution of conventional concrete with ECC can significantly improve the deformation characteristics in terms of reinforced composite tensile or shear strength and energy dissipation ability. In this paper, a number of RC/ECC composite beam-column joints have been tested under reversed cyclic loading to study the effect of substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone on the seismic behaviors of composite members. The experimental parameters include shear reinforcement ratio in the joint zone, axial load level on the column and substitution of concrete with ECC or not. According to the test results, for the specimens without shear reinforcement in the joint zone, substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone cannot change the brittle shear failure in the joint zone, but can significantly increase the load capacity and ductility of the beam-column joint specimens, as well as the energy dissipation ability due to high ductility and shear strength of ECC material. For the specimens with insufficient or proper shear reinforcement ratio, substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone can lead to failure mode change from brittle shear failure in the joint zone to a more ductile failure mode, i.e. flexural failure at the base of the beam, with increased load capacity, ductility and energy dissipation ability. Increase of axial load on column and shear reinforcement in the joint zone have little effect on seismic behaviors of the members when they failed by flexural failure at the base of beam. In a word, the substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone was experimentally proved to be an effective method to increase the seismic resistance of beam-column joint specimens.     

钢筋钢丝网砂浆加固混凝土柱的抗震性能试验研究

为更有效提高抗震加固效率, 提出采用钢筋钢丝网砂浆加固混凝土柱的思路。制作钢筋钢丝网砂浆加 固、钢筋网砂浆加固和未加固钢筋混凝土方柱三类共9个试件, 进行各柱在竖向恒定轴力和水平向低周反复加载作用下的抗震性能对比试验研究, 测试了各柱的抗震承载力、延性、破坏形态及其滞回特性, 讨论了配箍率、加固形式和轴压比对构件抗震性能的影响。结果表明:相对钢筋网加固柱, 钢筋钢丝网加固柱的耗能能力有大幅度的提高。     

Behavior and modeling of confined concrete cylinders in axial compression using FRP rings

This study suggests a secondary dense lateral reinforcement for reinforced concrete (RC) columns that are located between the primary lateral reinforcement and concrete surface, which are used to delay the buckling of longitudinal reinforcement and increase the ductility of RC columns. ‘Dense’ means that the spacing of the lateral reinforcement is smaller than the maximum gravel size. This study conducted axial compressive tests on concrete cylinders confined by dense reinforcement in order to improve the effectiveness of the dense lateral reinforcement. FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) rings were used for the reinforcement since they are corrosion resistant. The dense reinforcing method with FRP rings can successfully increase the peak strength of the concrete and the failure strain. The stress–strain curves of the confined concrete became almost bilinear with hardening behavior, which were similar to that of the concrete confined by the jackets of FRP sheets. This study also provides models of stress–strain in an axial direction and lateral strain. Based on the models, this study analyzes the confining effectiveness of the FRP rings on concrete.     

钢筋套筒挤压连接的预制RC柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究纵筋套筒挤压连接的预制柱抗震性能,完成了7个配箍特征值0.15~0.187、轴压比0.65~0.80、截面尺寸500 mm×500 mm的钢筋混凝土预制柱试件及1个用于对比的现浇柱试件的拟静力试验。结果表明,套筒挤压连接能够有效传递钢筋的拉、压力,预制柱试件与现浇柱试件的破坏过程、破坏形态基本相同,预制柱试件的水平力-位移滞回曲线饱满,偏心受压承载力试验值为计算值的1.26倍~1.42倍,极限位移角为1/42~1/26,抗震性能满足规范要求。套筒挤压连接可用于抗震设计的钢筋混凝土柱的纵向钢筋连接。