等离子沉积ZrO2-Y2O3陶瓷涂层与基体结合力的研究

研究了在利用高能脉冲等离子方法沉积的ZrO2-Y2O3陶瓷涂层和NiCoCrAlY合金层之间加入陶瓷梯度结合层的技术，进行了涂层的截面形貌分析。实验结果证明，在加入陶瓷梯度结合层之后，提高了NiCoCrAlY合金的抗高温氧化性能及与ZrO2-Y2O3ZrO2陶瓷涂层的结合力。在实验的基础上提出了陶瓷涂层的物理模型。     

Ni/ZrO2梯度镀层的制备和性能

采用Watt型镀镍溶液，恒电流电沉积方法制备Ni／ZrO2梯度镀层．扫描电镜(SEM)测试和X-射线衍射分析表明，沿镀层的生长方向，ZrO2的含量由0逐渐增加到21％(体积分数，下同)，呈梯度分布；Ni和ZrO2各自在特定的角度分别出现其衍射特征峰，互不干扰，镀层中ZrO2的含量增高，衍射强度变强．断口分析表明，在梯度镀层的内部，材料的塑性变形能力大，韧性最好；沿镀层生长的方向，断口中的韧窝特征逐渐减小，镀层的韧性下降；在表层的断口中ZrO2微粒明显增多，呈团聚状态，基本上没有韧窝特征，镀层的韧性最差．Ni／ZrO2梯度镀层的韧性由外至内逐渐增加，呈梯度分布，其延展性为复合镀层的2．5倍．     

氧化锆增韧HA/ZrO2功能梯度涂层的TEM分析

利用净能量控制的PRAXAIR4500型等离子喷涂系统,在钛合金基体上制备出HA/ZrO2功能梯度涂层,采用HTEM、XRD、SEM等对涂层过渡层ZrO2相的结构特征进行分析.结果表明:(1)富锆的过渡层存在ZrO2 3种晶型,主要以四方氧化锆为主,含有少量的立方氧化锆及微量的单斜氧化锆和CaZrO3,单斜氧化锆的出现说明材料内发生了四方氧化锆向单斜氧化锆马氏体相变,这种马氏体相变有利于提高HA材料的韧性;(2)生物活性功能涂层的富锆过渡层致密,与钛合金基体结合紧密,纯羟基磷灰石的表面层具有典型的多孔结构特征,整个涂层沿垂直基体方向从过渡层致密结构向表面层多孔结构过渡;涂层的这种结构特征有利于改善功能梯度涂层的综合性能,提高涂层与基体的结合强度,其结合强度达到48.6MPa.     

车用AZ80合金表面磁控溅射MAO-ZrO2涂层组织和划痕测试分析北大核心CSCD

利用闭合场磁控溅射镀膜技术在AZ80合金基材表面进行沉积得到一层Zr涂层,并进行微弧氧化得到MAO-ZrO2涂层。对其进行组织和划痕实验测试研究得到:ZrO2涂层具有光滑的表面并具有银白色金属光泽,在ZrO2涂层表面上形成了很多细小的胞状晶粒。试样截面上形成了具有均匀结构的ZrO2涂层,同时涂层中的Zr元素也形成了均匀分布状态,最终得到厚度约5μm的涂层。当火花放电过程结束后,试样表面形成了更大的火花亮点同时数量有明显增加。在ZrO2-AZ80试样中主要以四方ZrO2为主,还有部分强度较小的MgO与Mg组成的衍射峰,根据存在MgO的情况可以推断基材已被氧化。采用微弧氧化方法进行处理后可以使涂层硬度增加。在采用微弧氧化方式生成的MAO-ZrO2涂层中所有划痕轨迹内没有出现脱落的涂层,采用微弧氧化方法可以制备得到和基体形成更强结合能力的涂层。     

激光直接沉积制备Mo-Ni-ZrO_2高温耐磨复合合金梯度涂层

设计30wt%~70wt%不同Mo含量的Mo-Ni混合粉末,通过添加少量ZrO2形成梯度复合合金粉末,采用激光直接沉积技术在3Cr2W8V钢板上制备Mo-Ni-ZrO2高温耐磨复合合金梯度涂层。利用金相显微镜、显微硬度计、SEM、能谱仪及XRD等对制备梯度涂层的组织结构、裂纹与气孔消除、相组成及其硬度等进行了研究。结果表明:在Mo-Ni系复合合金梯度涂层中,由于Mo在激光作用下易氧化为MoO_3,MoO_3受热易挥发,在熔池中未能及时逸出,因此,涂层在50wt%Mo梯度层处开始出现裂纹和气孔,其显微硬度平均值为287.29;在Mo-Ni-ZrO2系梯度涂层中,添加ZrO2后,50wt%Mo梯度层处的裂纹和气孔明显减少,该涂层中主相为MoNi及强化相Mo1.24Ni0.76、Ni3Zr,还有少量MoO_3,其显微硬度平均值为477;ZrO2具有良好的消除Mo-Ni高温复合合金梯度涂层裂纹气孔缺陷与增强梯度涂层硬度的作用。     

钛合金表面梯度Al2O3陶瓷涂层的高温抗氧化性能

钛合金应用广泛,但在高温环境中极易被氧化,降低其力学性能及寿命。利用溶胶-凝胶法在TC11钛合金上制备梯度层(ZrO_2+Al_2O_3)+表层(Al_2O_3)的复合梯度涂层,提高其高温抗氧化能力。将复合梯度涂层、单层氧化铝涂层以及基体在700℃进行100h的高温氧化,利用氧化增重数据拟合得到梯度涂层的氧化速率为0.015mg~2/(cm4·h),氧化指数为2.137,并结合氧化后EDS成分分布,发现复合梯度涂层可以提高基体的高温抗氧化性能。同时利用700℃热震实验比较了复合梯度氧化铝涂层试样和单层氧化铝陶瓷试样的热震次数,梯度层(ZrO2+Al_2O_3)的存在缓解了基体与氧化铝陶瓷涂层之间热膨胀系数不匹配而导致的易剥落的问题,延长了涂层寿命,进一步提高了基体的高温抗氧化能力。     

自反应火焰喷涂梯度过渡陶瓷涂层研究

以Ti-B4C-C和Ni-Al自粘结复合粉为自蔓延反应喷涂体系,采用反应火焰喷涂技术,在金属表面制备了Ti(Cx,Ny)-TiB2-NimAln梯度过渡涂层.整个涂层以Ti(C0.7,N0.3)、TiC、TiN和TiB2构成陶瓷主结构,NimAln金属间化合物作为过渡相连续分布其中,涂层具有沿厚度方向宏观连续分布和微观成分突变的特征,并存在孔隙与夹杂,呈典型的多相非均质结构.涂层经梯度过渡后,与基体的结合强度由14.38 MPa增加到30.27 MPa,抗热震性能由2次增加到16次,孔隙率由原来的32%降至19%,显微硬度由底层的Hv545增加到表层的Hv1253.涂层耐磨损性能是45号钢的14倍.     

钛合金TC4表面医用氧化物陶瓷涂层的 残余热应力分析

采用有限元方法分析了钛合金TC4表面分别溅射沉积的4种医用陶瓷涂层Ta2O5、Nb2O5、ZrO2和TiO2的残余热应力分布情况,并以Ta2O5涂层为例,研究涂层的厚度与结构对残余热应力最大值的影响。结果表明,4种氧化物涂层的残余热应力都表现为拉应力,且应力最大值均位于涂层/基体结合界面的外边缘,其中残余热应力最大值最大的是Ta2O5涂层（32.2 MPa）,其次是Nb2O5（19.7 MPa）和ZrO2涂层（10.2 MPa）,最小是TiO2涂层（1.03 MPa）。当涂层厚度由1 μm增加到4 μm时,Ta2O5涂层的残余热应力最大值呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势,其中涂层厚度为2.5 μm时的残余应力最大值最小。对于不同结构的Ta2O5涂层来说,在表面层厚度或涂层总厚度相同的情况下,残余热应力最大值由小到大的涂层结构依次为梯度涂层、复合涂层、单层涂层。     

不锈钢上激光熔敷涂层结构特征与质量研究

采用5kW连续CO2激光器对经等离子喷涂的NiCoCrAlY结合层和ZrO2陶瓷层进行二次重熔处理，并利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针和显微硬度计对激光熔敷涂层进行了显微结构、元素分布以及显微硬度观察与测试，结果表明：多道搭接工艺能降低熔敷涂层气孔率，ZrO2陶瓷层稀释度低，与基体结合完好，并观察到NiCoCrAlY合金层中存在明显的对流图案，加入了TiO2-Al-Ti添加剂的ZrO2陶瓷层激光重熔后得到了无裂纹的定向生长柱状晶，并且呈现一次枝晶平均间距为2．3μm的表层和平均间距为3．8μm的次表层结构。     

C-Si 梯度涂层对碳纤维性能的影响

本文提出并探索了在碳纤维表面化学气相沉积 C-Si 梯度涂层的新方法,研究了 C-Si 梯度涂层对碳纤维性能的影响。实验结果表明,碳纤维表面化学气相沉积 C-Si 梯度涂层结构中的 C,Si 元素均呈非晶态结构;梯度涂层能大幅度提高碳纤维的抗氧化性。梯度涂层减少了涂层与纤维基体的各种不匹配因素,缓和了涂层中热应力,限制了氧化反应的进行,使梯度涂层纤维氧化前后强度均明显高于 Si,SiC,SiO_2等单一涂层纤维。     

纳米ZrO2等离子涂层的结构,性能和工艺特点

采用大气等离子喷涂技术(APS)，制备了常规氧化锆和纳米结构氧化锆两种涂层．利用扫描电镜(SEM)对涂层的显微结构进行了观察．对两种涂层的沉积效率、表面粗糙度和显微硬度作了对比研究．结果表明，粉末原料的显微结构、粒度、形态、喷涂工艺参数(喷涂功率和距离)对涂层的显微结构有较大的影响．等离子喷涂造粒纳米氧化锆粉制备的涂层沉积效率高而稳定，其显微结构与喷涂功率和距离密切相关．与常规氧化锆涂层相比，纳米结构氧化锆涂层具有较高的显微硬度和较低的表面粗糙度．     

Enhancement of photoconversion efficiency of ZnO nanorod-based dye-sensitized solar cells in presence of ZrO2 thin energy barrier

In order to enhance the power conversion efficiency of ZnO nanorods-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), ZrO2 thin energy barriers were formed on ZnO nanorods using a sol-gel method. In DSSCs, the short-circuit current was substantially increased, and the dark current was significantly reduced in the presence of the ZrO2 layer. Due to suppressed recombination in the presence of the ZrO2 layer, 81.3% increment of power conversion efficiency is achieved compared to those without ZrO2 layer.     

Effect of laser remelting on the tribological performance of thermal barrier coatings

Gas turbine's efficiency improves as operating temperature is increased. For this reason, metallic components used in turbine engines, for propulsion and power generation, are protected by thermal barrier coatings (TBC). Laser glazing has been used to enhance the oxidation and corrosion resistance of thermally sprayed TBC, but there is no information about the effect of this treatment on the tribological performance. ZrO2(CaO) top coat and NiAIMo bond coating were flame sprayed onto an AlSI 1045 carbon steel. The top coat was laser remelted and a densified ceramic layer was induced in the top surface of the ceramic coating. Both, the as sprayed and the laser remelted top coatings, were formed by cubic ZrO2 with some tetragonal precipitates. The grain size was reduced by the laser treatment. The mechanical properties and the local wear rate were evaluated by depth sensing indentation and scratch tests respectively. The nanoscale wear behaviour was always improved by the laser treatment.     

等离子喷涂制备HA/ZrO2复合涂层

采用等离子喷涂技术,在Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－４Ｖ基体上成功地制备了羟基磷灰石／氧化锆（ＨＡ／ＺｒＯ_２）复合涂层,对涂层的微观结构、相组成和结合强度进行了研究,并以模拟体液试验评估涂层的生物活性．结果表明,复合涂层具有较为均匀的微观结构．ＨＡ／ＺｒＯ_２复合涂层的结合强度明显高于 ＨＡ涂层, ＨＡ／６０ ｗｔ％ ＺｒＯ_２涂层的结合强度高达 ２８．５ＭＰａ,为 ＨＡ涂层的 ２．２倍．复合涂层在模拟体液中浸泡一段时间后,表面覆盖一层碳酸磷灰石（ｃａｒｂｏｎａｔｅ－ａｐａｔｉｔｅ）,表明涂层具有良好的生物活性．     

Sliding Wear Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Alumina-Based Composite Coatings against Al2O3 Ball

The sliding wear behaviors of a single layer AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2, a double layer AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2/Ni-Cr and a single layer AI2O3-13 wt pct TiO2 coating deposited on low carbon steel by plasma spraying were investigated under lubricated conditions with various normal loads. The plastic deformation, detachment and pull out of splats were involved in the wear process of the studied coatings under test conditions. Crack propagation was found in AI2O3-13 wt pct TiO2 under loads of 70 and 100 N and in AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2/Ni-Cr under a load of 130 N. While increasing the normal load, the wear rates of AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2 and AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2/Ni-Cr slightly increased, the wear rate of AI2O3-13 wt pct TiO2 increased rapidly. The results showed that the Ni-Cr bonding layer improved the wear resistance of the coating system even it is relatively thin compared with the outer coating layer. The influence of this bonding layer on wear behavior of the coating increased as increasing the normal load.     

ZrO2-Ni等离子喷涂涂层的残余应力

对不同镍含量的ＺｒＯ２－Ｎｉ等离子喷涂层应用Ｘ射线应力分析技术测试涂层表面应力,用曲率测试应力分析方法测定涂层平均应力,两者有较好的相关性,均表明涂层的残余应力为较小张应力。据测试的曲率半径估算了二层、三层、和六层阶梯涂层各层的平均残余应力和涂层喷涂的平均温度,结果表明多层过渡结构以残余应力作用甚微,所估算的喷涂温度与实际操作条件基本相符。     

Formation of high heat resistant coatings by using gas tunnel type plasma spraying

Zirconia sprayed coatings are widely used as thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for high temperature protection of metallic structures. However, their use in diesel engine combustion chamber components has the long run durability problems, such as the spallation at the interface between the coating and substrate due to the interface oxidation. Although zirconia coatings have been used in many applications, the interface spallation problem is still waiting to be solved under the critical conditions such as high temperature and high corrosion environment. The gas tunnel type plasma spraying developed by the author can make high quality ceramic coatings such as Al2O3 and ZrO2 coating compared to other plasma spraying method. A high hardness ceramic coating such as Al2O3 coating by the gas tunnel type plasma spraying, were investigated in the previous study. The Vickers hardness of the zirconia (ZrO2) coating increased with decreasing spraying distance, and a higher Vickers hardness of about Hv = 1200 could be obtained at a shorter spraying distance of L = 30 mm. ZrO2 coating formed has a high hardness layer at the surface side, which shows the graded functionality of hardness. In this study, ZrO2 composite coatings (TBCs) with Al2O3 were deposited on SS304 substrates by gas tunnel type plasma spraying. The performance such as the mechanical properties, thermal behavior and high temperature oxidation resistance of the functionally graded TBCs was investigated and discussed. The resultant coating samples with different spraying powders and thickness are compared in their corrosion resistance with coating thickness as variables. Corrosion potential was measured and analyzed corresponding to the microstructure of the coatings. Keywords: High Heat Resistant Coatings, Gas Tunnel Type Plasma Spraying, Hardness,     

ZrO2改性CaO-SiO2复合生物涂层的制备及表征

以CaO稳定的ZrO2为原料,与适量SiO2在1400℃下反应.制得CazSiO4不同含量(质量分数:20%、40%、60%)的ZrO2改性CaO-SiO2复合粉体,并采用大气等离子体喷涂技术制备涂层.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针(ETMA)及能量色散谱(EDS)对涂层相组成和形貌进行表征.涂层的体外生物活性和稳...     

微陨石撞击下ZrO2涂层的损伤效应

利用静电式粉尘加速器模拟空间微米级陨石粒子,研究了不同撞击速度下航天器外表面ZrO2涂层的损伤形式.结果表明,ZrO2热控涂层在空间微陨石的撞击下,涂层表面形成砂蚀损伤,导致光学性能发生变化热控涂层表面破坏程度及形式与碰撞速度有关,ZrO2涂层表面砂蚀损伤是导致涂层光学性能变化的原因.ZrO2涂层吸收发射比由碰撞前的0.23变为碰撞后的0.75,涂层性质由太阳吸收体向绝对反射体转变.