电沉积RE-Ni-W-P-SiC-PTFE复合镀层的耐蚀性研究(Ⅰ)

采用不同浓度的硫酸、磷酸溶液为腐蚀介质,研究了RE—Ni—W—P—SiC—PTFE复合电镀层于镀态下及经不同温度热处理后的腐蚀速率与阳极极化曲线,并与RE—Ni—W—P—SiC复合电镀层的阳极极化曲线进行了比较。结果显示,RE—Ni—W—P—PT—FE—SiC复合镀层在硫酸、磷酸溶液中的腐蚀规律基本一致,即在镀态或热处理条件下,随着硫酸或磷酸浓度的增加,其腐蚀速率上升,当硫酸浓度达到lO％～20％或磷酸浓度达到40％时,腐蚀速率最高;继续增加硫酸或磷酸浓度,复合镀层的腐蚀速率又降低。阳极极化曲线表明：200℃或500℃热处理后复合镀层具有较好的耐蚀性;该镀层热处理后耐蚀性要优于镀态下及热处理后的RE—Ni—W—P—SiC镀层。     

脉冲与直流电沉积RE-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层性能研究

采用脉冲与直流电沉积，研究了RE—Ni—W—P—SiC复合镀层的性能。结果表明：在相同的条件下，采用脉冲电流得到的复合镀层比直流电流得到的镀层有更高的硬度、沉积速度，同时耐磨、耐蚀性也得到提高。     

化学复合镀(Ni-W-P)-Si3N4工艺研究

采用化学复合镀方法,制备了(Ni—W—P)—Si3N4复合镀层;研究了镀液组成及工艺参数对镀层成分和沉积速率的影响;采用X—射线衍射分析了复合镀层表面相结构,并对复合镀层的耐蚀性及耐磨性进行了测试分析。试验结果表明：Si3N4纳米颗粒的加入影响了镀层的沉积速率,提高了沉积层的耐磨性;(Ni—W—P)—Si3N4复合沉积层仍具有与Ni—W—P沉积层相近的优异性能。     

脉冲电沉积Ni-W-P-SiC复合电镀的研究

研究了脉冲电沉积Ni-W-P-SiC复合电镀工艺.研究表明:Ni-W-P-SiC镀层的脉冲电沉积速率比直流电沉积的大,脉冲镀层的耐蚀性和硬度都优于直流镀层,耐蚀性还优于1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢;脉冲频率和占空比对镀层的沉积速率、镀层成分以及镀层的性能都有很大的影响.SEM观察表明,脉冲镀层比直流镀层的结晶更细密,表面更光滑平整.     

盐酸介质中镍基合金镀层的电化学腐蚀行为

在含有硫酸镍、钨酸钠和柠檬酸三铵的电解液中获得镍一钨合金电沉积层。在分别含有二甲基胺硼烷和二氧化锆粒子的上述电解液中,电沉积获得Ni—W—B合金和Ni—w—(ZrO2)复合镀层。采用电化学实验方法研究所获得的Ni—W、Ni—W—B和Ni—W—(ZrO2)镀层在盐酸介质中的腐蚀行为,结果表明：所获得的镀层均有较好的耐蚀性;Ni—W和Ni—W—B镀层比Ni—W—(ZrO2)镀层有较好的抗腐蚀能力。     

正向脉冲占空比对Ni–W–P–CeO_2–SiO_2纳米复合镀层性能的影响

通过Ni、W、P与CeO2、SiO2纳米颗粒的脉冲共沉积,在普通碳钢表面制备了Ni–W–P–CeO2–SiO2纳米复合镀层。在一定的脉冲频率和平均电流密度下,研究了正向脉冲占空比对纳米复合镀层的化学组成、沉积速率、显微硬度和显微组织的影响。结果表明:增大正向脉冲占空比时,纳米复合镀层的晶粒尺寸增大,沉积速率和显微硬度降低。当正向脉冲占空比控制在10%时,沉积速率最快(为48.6μm/h),显微硬度最高(为696HV)。纳米复合镀层中的P含量随着正向脉冲占空比的增大而增加,但CeO2、SiO2纳米颗粒及W的含量不断降低,正向脉冲占空比对W的沉积量影响最明显。     

脉冲电沉积纳米镍-碳化硅复合镀层的性能

分别采用直流(DC)和换向脉冲电流(PRC)电沉积法制得纳米Ni-SiC复合镀层。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱仪对比研究了纯Ni镀层和Ni-SiC复合镀层的微观结构、宏观残余应力、表面形貌及成分。用浸泡法研究了不同镀层在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl和10%(体积分数)H2SO4溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,脉冲电沉积能改变镀层的微观结构,有效提高镀层硬度,降低宏观残余应力。脉冲电沉积所得到的纯Ni镀层和纳米Ni-SiC复合镀层在3.5%NaCl及10%H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性均优于直流镀层。脉冲镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中受腐蚀很轻,主要腐蚀形态为点蚀,而在10%H2SO4溶液中,SiC粒子作为增强相使镀层的耐腐蚀性进一步提高。     

电沉积方式对镍-锡-锰合金镀层耐蚀性的影响

采用直流(DC)、脉冲(PC)和超声脉冲(UPC)电沉积方式在Q235钢表面制备Ni-Sn-Mn合金镀层,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、辉光放电光谱仪(GDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了不同电沉积方式对镀层表面形貌、元素含量、沉积速率、相结构和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,分别采用直流、脉冲、超声脉冲电沉积方式制备的镀层,Ni和Sn质量分数依次减小,Mn质量分数依次增大,沉积速率依次提高;直流电沉积镀层晶粒粗大,存在裂纹和孔隙,耐蚀性较差;脉冲电沉积镀层晶粒细化,无明显缺陷,耐蚀性较高;超声脉冲电沉积镀层均匀致密,呈非晶结构,在3.5%Na Cl溶液中具有最正的自腐蚀电位(-0.346 V)、最低的自腐蚀电流密度(3.162×10~(-8)A/cm~2)和最大的电荷转移电阻(9 143Ω·cm~2),镀层耐蚀性最好。     

高碳化硅含量的镍–钨–微米碳化硅复合电镀及其耐蚀性

采用电沉积法在铁片上制备Ni–W–微米SiC复合镀层。研究了微米SiC颗粒用量、pH、电流密度等工艺参数对复合镀层中SiC颗粒含量的影响,得到最优工艺为:NiSO_4·6H_2O 20 g/L,Na_2WO_4·2H_2O 50 g/L,Na_3C_6H_8O_7·2H_2O 50 g/L,微米SiC颗粒20g/L,pH7.0,电流密度2.5 A/dm~2。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和浸泡腐蚀试验表征了Ni–W–微米SiC复合镀层的晶相结构、表面形貌、元素组成和耐蚀性。采用红外光谱法初步探讨了SiC微米颗粒的沉积机理。结果表明,SiC微米颗粒在复合镀层中的质量分数可高达42.5%,SiC微米颗粒的存在能消除Ni–W合金镀层的裂纹,从而提高镀层对基体的保护能力。镀液中的阴离子可能对SiC微米颗粒的沉积过程有一定的影响。     

正向脉冲占空比对Ni-W-P-CeO2-SiO2纳米复合镀层性能的影响

通过Ni,W、P与CeO2、SiO2纳米颗粒的脉冲共沉积,在普通碳钢表面制备了Ni-W-P-CeO2-SiO2纳米复合镀层.在一定的脉冲频率和平均电流密度下,研究了正向脉冲占空比对纳米复合镀层的化学组成、沉积速率、显微硬度和显微组织的影响.结果表明:增大正向脉冲占空比时,纳米复合镀层的晶粒尺寸增大,沉积速率和显微硬度降低.当正向脉冲占空比控制在10%时,沉积速率最快(为48.6 μm/h),显微硬度最高(为696 HV).纳米复合镀层中的P含量随着正向脉冲占空比的增大而增加,但CeO2、SiO2纳米颗粒及W的含量不断降低,正向脉冲占空比对W的沉积量影响最明显.     

Evaluation of the corrosion resistance of phosphate coatings obtained by anodic electrochemical treatment

The corrosion resistance of phosphate coating obtained by anodic electrochemical treatment at 4–6 mA/cm² is addressed in this paper. The corrosion performance of these coatings is also compared with the coatings obtained by chemical treatment. The regenerated phosphoric acid under the influence of anodic current causes a large variation in morphological features of the coatings. Immersion and salt spray tests indicate the ability of these coatings to act as a barrier film on mild steel. Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) studies indicate that the corrosion resistance of phosphate coatings obtained by anodic treatment decreases with increase in current density employed for deposition. In spite of their higher coating weight, the corrosion resistance of phosphate coatings obtained by anodic treatment is inferior to those obtained by chemical treatment. The porosity or discontinuities created due to the dissolution of the coating under the influence of anodic current are considered responsible for the inferior corrosion resistance of these coatings. The study concludes that anodic treatment has only a limited scope for preparing phosphate coatings with improved corrosion resistance.     

脉冲参数对镍镀层在NaCl溶液中耐蚀性的影响

采用扫描电镜观察镀层腐蚀前后的微观表面形貌,其腐蚀为小孔腐蚀,并分析镍镀层在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀机理.利用浸泡腐蚀试验及阳极极化曲线测试镍镀层的耐蚀性.利用阳极极化曲线测试结果作为正交试验指标,着重分析脉冲参数及pH值对镀层耐蚀性的影响规律.脉冲频率越大,脉冲平均电流密度在6 A/cm2左右,pH值为3.8时,镀层耐蚀性能最好.     

The effects of pulse plating variables on morphology and corrosion behavior of Zn–Fe alloy coatings

Considerable researches have been focused on zinc–iron (Zn–Fe) alloy coatings due to their superior characteristics among zinc alloy electrodeposits in recent years. The corrosion behavior of these coatings depends on the phase structure and morphology of the Zn–Fe deposits. In this work the effects of pulse plating variables such as current density, off-time, frequency and pulse modes on the morphology and phase structure of Zn–Fe deposits was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. The corrosion behavior of these coatings was measured by means of polarization curves and Neutral salt spray tests. It was shown that pulse reverse coatings exhibit excellent resistance to corrosion in comparison with normal pulse and direct current conditions.     

Pulse current electrodeposition and corrosion properties of Ni–W alloy coatings

Ni–W alloy coatings were prepared on a mild steel substrate by means of pulse current (PC) and compared to the coatings electrodeposited by direct current (DC). In particular the study dealt with the influence of the frequency using pulse current on the surface morphology while maintaining a constant duty cycle. A constant charge for DC and PC electrodeposition of Ni–W alloy coatings was used. The morphology of the coatings was explored by scanning electron microscopy and the composition of the coatings was analysed by X-ray powder diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Corrosion resistance of Ni–W alloy coatings was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization in a chloride medium. The corrosion products were analysed by Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the temperature of the electrolysis affects current efficiency of the DC and PC electrodeposition. The frequency of pulse electrodeposition alters the morphology of the Ni–W alloy coatings. There was evidence of the positive influence of increased tungstate concentration in the electrolyte on corrosion resistance of the Ni–W alloy coatings.     

双向脉冲电镀纳米级镍镀层耐腐蚀性能研究

用直流电沉积法制备了普通光亮镍镀层,同时用双向脉冲电镀制备了纳米级镍镀层。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法研究了镀层的晶粒尺寸、组织结构和表面形貌,通过孔隙率测定、盐雾试验、静态浸泡腐蚀失重试验和电化学方法等测试了镀层的耐蚀性能。结果表明,采用双向脉冲电流制备的纳米级镍镀层的耐蚀性明显优于普通直流镍镀层。     

配位剂和添加剂对钢铁基体化学置换镀铜的影响

研究了配位剂及添加剂对Q235钢上置换镀铜层的沉积速度、外观及耐腐蚀性能的影响.实验结果表明,三乙醇胺(TEA)和乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)双配位体系中铜的沉积速率适中,能够获得结晶细腻、结合力好的镀层,且镀层在质量分数为5%的盐酸溶液中的自腐蚀电位明显正移,腐蚀电流密度大大降低,耐蚀性显著提高.采用含吡啶、...     

脉冲频率对Ni-WC纳米复合镀层耐蚀性及硬度的影响

采用脉冲电沉积法在304不锈钢基体上制备出Ni-WC纳米复合镀层,并研究了脉冲频率对Ni-WC纳米复合镀层的耐蚀性及硬度的影响。结果表明:随着脉冲频率的增大,Ni-WC纳米复合镀层的平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,硬度先增大后减小。当脉冲频率为1 000Hz时,制备的NiWC纳米复合镀层耐蚀性最佳,具有最正的自腐蚀电位和最小的自腐蚀电流密度。