蓝光发光性能优异的氧化锌空心微球的制备及表征

本工作采用低温溶剂水浴热法, 以葡萄糖、柠檬酸盐为辅助剂, 首先制备了柠檬酸锌空心微球, 然后在空气气氛中500℃煅烧制得ZnO空心微球。应用XRD、TG-DSC、SEM、TEM、IR对产物的组成、结构以及形貌进行了研究, 研究发现该方法制备的前驱体为直径约为2 μm, 壁厚约为200 nm的空心微球。由前驱体煅烧后得到的ZnO空心微球由粒径为20~30 nm的纳米粒子组装成, 平均直径约为1 μm, 壁厚约为100 nm。此外还采用光致发光光谱仪(PL)对产物的光学性能进行了研究, 结果表明ZnO空心微球在激发波长为325 nm的条件下具有较好的蓝光发光性能, 发光峰位于469 nm处。     

碲化镉量子点/聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)-聚苯乙烯磺酸复合纳米微球的原位聚合与光学性质

通过原位种子聚合构筑了碲化镉量子点(CdTe QDs)/聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)-聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT-PSS)复合纳米微球.利用扫描电镜、红外光谱,X射线光电子能谱、紫外可见吸收光谱及荧光发射光谱对其形貌、结构、光学吸收性质及光致发光性能进行了测试分析.研究结果表明,原位聚合的CdTe/PEDOT-PSS复合物...     

以玉米衣为模板生物遗态ZnO的制备及Pb2+吸附性能

以玉米衣为模板,利用生物模板法制备了生物遗态多孔ZnO。经过预处理的玉米衣在醋酸锌前驱体溶液中浸渍24h,烘干,800℃煅烧3h得到最终的产物。利用X射线衍射(X-ray)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对其进行表征,并研究了对铅离子的吸附性能。结果表明:通过原位生长技术,结晶度良好的ZnO晶粒自组装形成表面多孔的类卷叶状生物遗态ZnO;生物遗态ZnO对铅离子有良好的吸附性能,吸附量为49.9mg/g,在120min可基本达到吸附平衡,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,吸附等温线拟合结果较为符合Langmuir模型,且升温有利于吸附的进行。     

Co/Co_9S_8/ZnO核壳结构纳米微球的制备与表征

在无水无氧条件下通过热分解还原制备Co纳米微粒,利用Co9S8和ZnO晶格的相匹配性,通过层层自组装对Co表面进行修饰,得到Co/Co9S8/ZnO核壳结构纳米微球.采用XRD、TEM、SQUID、光致发光光谱(PL)等对产物进行了表征.通过调节反应参数制备出核壳结构的Co/Co9S8/ZnO复合纳米微球,平均粒径58.8nm,壳层厚度均匀,常温下显示铁磁性,矫顽力为18.7kA/m.PL表明,产物在380~390nm处的带边跃迁不明显,光致发光最强峰在468nm处,属氧缺陷发射峰,研究了影响产物形貌的主要因素.结果表明,以油酸(OLA)及三正辛基氧化磷(TOPO)为溶剂和表面活性剂,Zn(acac)2温度为70℃、用量为1mmol,控制Co的硫化反应时间为5min,有利于核壳结构产物的形成.初步分析了Co/Co9S8/ZnO核壳结构纳米微球的形成机理.     

纳米颗粒包覆ZrW_2O_8空心结构的制备和性能

采用包覆法制备单一相钨酸锆(ZrW2O8)空心球。研究选择以水热合成法制备的胶体碳球作为制备空心球的模板,通过溶胶—凝胶法制备了具有网状结构的钨酸锆前驱体凝胶,经过后续简单的包覆过程得到胶体碳球—钨酸锆凝胶形成的壳核结构,并对该壳核结构进行煅烧(610℃保温10h)后除去碳球模板得到ZrW2O8空心球。实验所得ZrW2O8空心球平均粒径约3μm,球壳平均厚度为1.5μm,构成壳层结构的纳米级ZrW2O8颗粒为棒状无规则多面体,尺寸约500nm×50nm×50nm。FTIR和TG-DTA分析证明,产物为立方相ZrW2O8空心球,密度为2.8g/cm3,比理论值降低了45%;产物空心球具有良好的负热膨胀特性,在室温至200℃的温度区间内,负膨胀系数略低于理论值,平均热膨胀系数为-11.4×10-6K-1。     

Mn掺杂ZnO囊泡结构的制备

通过两步或三步法分别制备两层或三层结构的碳球模板,在溶液中的Zn离子和Mn离子在模板上吸附后再进行煅烧.TEM及SEM显示,煅烧后得到完全复制碳膜板结构的多层Mn掺杂ZnO囊泡.EDS显示Mn在ZnO中的掺杂含量约为1％.样品具有室温铁磁性,饱和磁化率(Ms)及矫顽磁场(Hc)分别为0.032A·m²/kg及0.781kA/m.这种Mn掺杂ZnO纳米囊泡结构使新奇的囊泡结构和ZnO的磁性性能得到了完美的结合.     

原位复合法制备纳米ZnO/PES复合膜及表征

以聚醚砜(PES)和醋酸锌(ZnAC2·2H2O)为原料,N-N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶原位复合的方法制备聚合物-纳米氧化锌复合薄膜.应用x-射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光光谱仪对产物的结构、尺寸及发光特性进行表征.结果表明,复合膜中的ZnO晶粒尺寸可以控制,最小可以得到的晶粒尺寸为20nm左右的六角纤锌矿晶型无缺陷完整晶体,该复合膜中光致发光以ZnO的本征带间跃迁为主,聚合物的引入使复合发光等各种性能都有了很大的改善.     

聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料的原位聚合与性能研究

首次用原位聚合的方法制备了剥离型聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料.以液态的单体丙交酯溶胀蛭石,然后引发单体进行聚合.XRD和TEM分析表明原位聚合法制备的纳米复合材料中蛭石片层完全剥离,分散与PLA基体中.用XRD和DSC分析和观察了聚乳酸/蛭石纳米复合材料基材的结晶性能,结果表明层状纳米蛭石聚乳酸的结晶度降低,球晶粒径大大降低.拉伸性能的考察表明制得的纳米复合材料的力学性能大大提高.     

氧化锌/聚苯乙烯纳米复合材料的制备与性能

为提高聚苯乙烯(PS)的热性能及耐溶剂性能,将溶胶-凝胶法合成的纳米氧化锌(ZnO)粒子与苯乙烯原位聚合,制备得到ZnO/PS纳米复合材料,并采用FT-IR、UV、TG等方法对产物进行了表征测试,还考察了纳米ZnO对复合材料的热性能、抗紫外性能和耐溶剂性能的影响。实验结果表明,加入纳米ZnO可提高复合材料的热稳定性、抗紫外性能以及耐溶剂性能。同时,ZnO/PS纳米复合材料的抗紫外性能以及耐溶剂性能均随ZnO纳米粒子的质量分数的增加而增强。     

中空介孔SiO2的合成及其对CrⅥ的吸附

以3-氨基苯酚/甲醛(AF)树脂为软模板、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为制孔剂,采用一锅溶胶-凝胶法制备中空介孔二氧化硅(HMS)微球。通过改变反应温度对软模板AF树脂的结构以及TEOS的水解速率进行调控,制备多形貌SiO₂微球。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、N₂吸附-脱附比表面积分析(BET)及傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等手段对制得的SiO₂微球进行表征。结果表明,随着反应温度从0℃提高到100℃,制备的SiO₂微球分别为实心微球、蛋黄壳空心球、单层壳空心球和破碎实心球等。其中具有蛋黄壳结构的HMS微球具有较大的比表面积和孔体积,比表面积可达513 m²/g,孔体积达0.432 cm³/g,孔径均匀达3.66 nm。将在30℃下制得的具有蛋黄壳结构的HMS微球表面进行接枝聚丙烯腈并偕胺肟化的改性制备蛋黄壳HMS接枝聚偕胺肟(HMS-g-PAO)。将HMS-g-PAO用于对水中Cr^Ⅵ的吸附,在pH = 2时HMS-g-PAO粒子对100 mg/mL的重铬酸钾溶液中Cr^Ⅵ有很好的吸附效果,其吸附量达140 mg/g。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.