1-环己烯乙腈制备1-环己烯乙胺的研究

采用间接合成法,以1-环己烯乙腈为原料合成1-环己烯乙胺。重点考察了反应温度、反应压力、反应时间对产物1-环己烯乙胺收率的影响,得出最佳反应条件为:反应温度150℃、反应压力1.2 MPa、反应时间1.5 h,在此条件下,得到1-环己烯乙胺的最佳收率为85.3%。     

1-甲基-1-乙氧基-1-糠硫基甲烷合成研究

以乙缩醛 (0 1mol)和糠硫醇 (0 1mol)为原料 ,30～ 35℃下在四氯化碳中反应 2 0min左右 ,合成 1 甲基 1 乙氧基 1 糠硫基甲烷。经红外光谱、色谱、质谱及核磁共振谱检测 ,确证了产物为 1 甲基 1 乙氧基 1 糠硫基甲烷。产率为 6 4 5 % ,产品质量分数为 88 76 %。     

脱醇型RTV-1阻燃硅橡胶的制备与性能研究

以碱催化平衡聚合法制备的α,ω-二羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷为基胶制备脱醇型RTV-1阻燃硅橡胶,研究阻燃剂三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)用量对脱醇型RTV-1硅橡胶阻燃性能、物理性能和热稳定性能的影响。结果表明:当阻燃剂MPP用量超过30份时,硅橡胶的阻燃性能达到美国ANSI/UL 94—2010标准V-0级。随着阻燃剂MPP用量的增大,硅橡胶的热释放速率峰值和烟气释放速率减小,邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度和撕裂强度增大,拉断伸长率呈减小趋势。与未添加阻燃剂MPP的硅橡胶相比,阻燃剂MPP填充硅橡胶的初始分解温度下降。     

1-甲氨基-1-甲硫基-2-硝基乙烯的分析方法

研究了用线性扫描伏安法测定1-甲氨基-1-甲硫基-2-硝基乙烯(合成雷尼替丁的中间体)最佳条件,在底液为pH=4.0的HCl溶液中,该中间体的浓度在2.7×10-5～2.7×10-4mol/L范围内与峰高呈线性关系,回归方程为Y=0.5028X+2.104,相关系数R=0.9993。应用该法测定了几个实际样品,结果满意。     

1-取代芳基-1-烷基胺的合成研究

1-取代芳基-1-烷基胺是一种重要的医药、农药中间体。以不同取代芳酮为初始原料经R.leuchart反应制得相应的1-取代芳基-1-烷基胺,收率80%,含量98%。产物结构经1HNMR,MS确证。     

1-丙氧基-1-糠硫基甲烷的合成工艺研究

以氯甲基丙基醚和糠硫醇为原料 ,经一步化学反应合成了一种新的 1 烷基 1 烷氧基 1 烷硫基甲烷类香料化合物 :1 丙氧基 1 糠硫基甲烷。此反应的优化条件是 :n(氯甲基丙基醚 )∶n(糠硫醇 ) =1 2∶1 0 ,二氯甲烷为溶剂 ,温度为 35℃ ,反应时间为 1h。 1 丙氧基 1 糠硫基甲烷的收率可达 83 4% ,产物经色质联机、红外光谱予以确认     

Synthesis of poly(1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-silapentane) by chemical reduction of poly)1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene with diimide

Summary Poly(1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-silapentane) (I) has been prepared by the chemical reduction of the carbon-carbon double bonds of poly(1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene (cis-II) with diimide, which was generatedin-situ by the thermal decomposition ofp-toluenesulfonhydrazide in refluxing toluene. At lower temperature (100°C),cis-II is isomerized byp-toluenesulfinic acid to lower molecular weight poly(1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-sila-cis andtrans-pent-3-ene) (cis/trans-II). Protodesilation of I with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid yields poly(1-methyl-1-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-1-silapentane) (III). The structures of I andcis/trans-II have been characterized by¹H,¹³C and²⁹Si NMR, GPC, TGA and elemental analysis. The structure of I has been characterized spectroscopically by¹H,¹³C,¹⁹F and²⁹Si NMR.     

Anion adsorption and atomic friction on Au(1 1 1)

The influence of anion adsorption on friction forces in an electrochemical environment has been studied by means of lateral force microscopy on Au(1 1 1) surfaces. Sensitivity to atomic stick-slip motion allows to reveal sulphate adsorption in ordered layers under the sliding tip at potentials lower than expected from cyclic voltammetry for the open surface. No ordered adsorption is found in lateral force measurements for the weakly adsorbed perchlorate anions. Correspondingly, some increase in friction in the anion adsorption regime is observed for sulphate but none for perchlorate adsorption. Friction increases significantly at the onset of oxidation in both sulphuric and perchloric acid solutions.     

1,1′-二羟基-5,5′-联四唑-5-氨基四唑盐的合成及性能预估

以乙二醛、盐酸羟胺和氨基胍碳酸盐等为原料合成了1,1′-二羟基-5,5′-联四唑-5-氨基四唑盐(5-ATHTO),并对反应条件进行了优化。采用核磁共振光谱、红外光谱、质谱对其进行表征,通过DSC分析了其热稳定性,用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-31+G**理论水平下估算了该化合物的爆轰性能。结果表明,在水为介质、反应时间为5h、反应温度为100℃条件下,5-ATHTO的产率最高为86.2%。该化合物在240℃左右分解,说明其热稳定性良好。结构优化后用Monte-Carlo方法估算5-ATHTO的理论密度为1.85g/cm3,用Born-Haber循环求得生成热为808.5kJ/mol,用Kamlet-Jacobs公式估算出爆热为1 504.35J/g,爆速为8.25km/s,爆压为32.6GPa,撞击感度的计算值为52cm,表明5-ATHTO是具有良好爆轰性能的钝感含能化合物。     

Analysis of irreversible oxidation wave of adsorbed CO at Pt(1 1 1), Pt(1 0 0) and Pt(1 1 0) electrodes

The oxidation wave of CO preadsorbed at 50 mV on Pt(1 1 1), (1 0 0) and (1 1 0) electrodes in phosphate buffer solution of pH 3 was observed as a function of the sweep rate. The sweep rate dependence of the peak current and peak potential, as well as the form of the wave, were examined on the basis of the Gilman mechanism that the electron transfer from a complex consisting of CO and oxygen containing species is the rate-determining step. An electron transfer step from CO itself was excluded. The peak current and peak potential analyses and the wave simulation gave the same value for f, the change in the interaction energy during the formation of the activated complex from the reactants. f was sweep-rate and surface-structure dependent. The nature of f was discussed.Nomenclature symmetry factor - reversible work required to bring an adsorbed species from its standard state - µ electrochemical potential - electrode potential referred to the reversible hydrogen electrode - _p peak potential - _1/2 width at half height of the oxidation wave - (a) adsorbed state - f() mutual interaction energy of the activated complex inRT units - f(R) mutual interaction energy of the reactants in RT units - f f() –f(R) - i oxidation current density, mA cm^–2 - i _p peak current, mA CM^–2 - k rate constant - Q ₀ electric charge, mCcm^–2 - v sweep rate, m Vs^–1 This paper is dedicated to Professor Brian E. Conway on the occasion of his 65th birthday, and in recognition of his outstanding contribuion to electrochemistry.     

1,1'-二甲基二茂铁合成新方法的研究

近年来二茂铁及其衍生物的合成与应用研究成为金属有机化学界研究的热点问题,标题化合物就是一类重要的二茂铁衍生物,它在催化合成、生物学、医学等领域表现出越来越重要的作用。考察了标题化合物的几种合成路线,开发了一条反应条件温和、反应试剂易得、产率较高的新路线,成功地合成了目标产物,并对其进行了熔点和1HNMR分析。     

N,N'-二叔丁氧基羰基-1H-吡唑-1-甲脒的合成

1H-吡唑-1-甲脒盐酸盐在碳酸钾存在下和二碳酸二叔丁酯反应制备了N-叔丁氧基羰基-1H-吡唑-1-甲脒(PB),PB和二碳酸二叔丁酯在4-二甲氨基吡啶的催化下反应制备了N,N,N'-三叔丁氧基羰基-1H-吡唑-1-甲脒(PT),PT和高氯酸镁六水合物反应制备了标题化合物.反应条件温和,总收率65.9%,产品纯度大于99.0%,产品结构经熔点、核磁和质谱确定.     

2008中国水泥市场的甲方乙方之五——重组联合：演绎“1＋1〉2”的逻辑

回顾2007年,中国水泥工业走进了以大企业(集团)为主导的发展时代.有业内人士据此提出,2008年以大企业集团为主导的重组联合,新建为辅的发展态势仍是行业发展的主流.     

一步法合成1,1-二苯乙烷

以苯、乙醛为原料,三氯化铝为催化剂,在20℃,苯、乙醛、三氯化铝物质的量比为10.0∶1.0∶1.1～1.2,反应时间为5h,得到1,1-二苯乙烷,收率54.0%。通过氢核磁谱和红外吸收光谱对该合成产物进行了结构验证。     

骨架镍催化1-环己烯乙腈选择加氢制备1-环己烯乙胺反应动力学研究

1-环己烯乙腈选择加氢是1-环己烯乙胺生产中的关键步骤之一。采用骨架镍催化剂在间歇高压釜中考察1-环己烯乙腈选择加氢制备1-环己烯乙胺的反应动力学。在消除内外扩散影响的条件下,通过测定催化加氢过程中1-环己烯乙腈浓度随时间的变化关系,获得了1-环己烯乙腈催化加氢动力学模型。动力学模型表明,1-环己烯乙腈选择加氢制备1-环己烯乙胺,对1-环己烯乙腈为零级反应而对氢压为一级反应。根据实验数据拟合出动力学参数,其中指前因子k0和活化能Ea分别为23.64和27.96 kJ mol 1。将动力学模型的方程、反应速率和反应物浓度的计算值和实验值进行比较,表明模型具有较高的拟合精度,能准确反映骨架镍催化1-环己烯乙腈选择加氢制备1-环己烯乙胺反应过程及其动力学特征。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(1-methyl-1-silabutane), poly(1-phenyl-1-silabutane) and poly(1-silabutane)

Summary Anionic ring opening polymerization of 1-methyl-1-silacyclobutane, 1-phenyl-1-silacyclobutane and 1-silacyclobutane co-catalyzed by n-butyllithium and hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) in THF at-78°C yields poly(1-methyl-1-silabutane), poly(1-phenyl-1-silabutane) and poly(1-silabutane) respectively. These saturated carbosilane polymers possess reactive Si-H bonds. They have been characterized by ¹H, ¹³C and ²⁹Si NMR as well as FT-IR and UV spectroscopy. Their molecular weight distributions have been determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermal stabilities by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and glass transition temperatures (T_g) by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).     

Sulfonation of hexadecene-1 and octadecene-1

The reaction of dioxane-sulfur trioxide with hexadecene-1 and octadecene-1 carried out below 10C gave difficultly soluble sodium 2-hydroxy-1-alkanesulfonates containing smaller amounts of other vicinal position isomers. Sulfonation of the olefins at 50C gave a mixture of isomeric vicinal sodium alkenesulfonates containing also small amounts of hydroxyalkanesulfonates, sulfo-sulfates and sultones. This higher temperature reaction product was readily soluble with good foaming and detergent properties. Presented at the AOCS Meeting in Houston, 1965. E. Utiliz. Res. Devel. Div., ARS, USDA.