CB—5B重整催化剂工业应用试验（下）

4 CB—5B催化剂工业运转 本次工业试验共运转了382.5d,处理重整原料129796t,催化剂周期寿命32.72m~3/kg。试验结束后,进行了催化剂再生,完成了一个周期的工业化试验任务。本试验全周期平均结果见表2。     

QCS-04小颗粒耐硫变换催化剂的工业侧线试验

介绍QCS-04小颗粒耐硫变换催化剂物化性能、工业侧线试验情况.工业侧线试验结果表明,该催化剂具有较高的强度和变换活性,可满足工业生产对催化剂性能的要求.     

JB-1新型耐硫变换催化剂的中试与工业应用

总结了用于加压气化工艺的新型JB-1型耐硫变换催化剂的中试和工业应用结果.通过催化剂工业侧线试验和与国内外同类催化剂的比较,表明该催化剂不仅活性高,而且活性稳定.工业应用结果表明,新型JB-1型催化剂具有易硫化、活性高和强度好等优良性能.     

SHP-01型裂解汽油加氢催化剂的工业应用

介绍了SHP-01型催化剂在中原石化裂解汽油加氢装置上的工业应用情况,对催化剂投用、工业试验标定及再生过程进行了技术分析,SHP-01催化剂具有良好的原料适应性和较长的使用寿命,综合性能优于曾使用过的同类催化剂.     

FZC-24A渣油加氢脱金属催化剂的开发

进行了FZC-24A渣油加氢脱金属催化剂开发及工业放大。以沙中常渣为原料在小型固定床加氢装置上进行了催化剂稳定性试验。结果表明,FZC-24A渣油加氢脱金属催化剂活性和稳定性优于参比剂。工业放大催化剂性能重复了小试结果。     

苯甲酸加氢催化剂Pd/C抗中毒方法研究及应用

研究了苯甲酸加氢过程中Pd/C催化剂的失活原因，针对CO引起Pd/C活性降低，开发了SRNA－5助催化剂，有效消除了反应中生成的CO对Pd/C催化剂活性的影响。并在石家庄化纤公司完成了工业试验，工业试验表明，在不改变原工业流程的基础上，通过向苯甲酸加氢工业装置中加入SRNA－5助剂，有效提高Pd/C催化剂活性，该厂每年减少催化剂直接费用1500万元。     

新型耐硫变换催化剂的工业侧线试验与工业应用

对福州大学化肥催化剂国家工程研究中心开发的高性能SFB系列高压耐硫变换催化剂开展工业侧线试验,并在兖矿鲁南化工有限公司变换工段开展了为期3个月的工业应用。工业侧线试验及工业应用结果表明,新型SFB系列高压耐硫变换催化剂具有活性高、抗水合能力强、耐冲击能力强、强度高等优良性能。     

一氧化碳耐硫变换催化剂中压活性评价

在分析一氧化碳耐硫变换催化剂工业使用条件的基础上,提出了一种实验室条件下的中压活性评价方法,并对该试验方法的可靠性进行了考察。结果表明:该方法能较好地反映催化剂工业使用状况,是一种较科学、合理的评价催化剂活性的模拟试验方法。     

灵活高中油型加氢裂化方案及适用催化剂

加氢裂化过程是一种操作灵活并适合于处理劣质重质原料来生产轻质燃料油和化工原料的炼油工艺,性能良好的加氢裂化催化剂可促进工艺的创新并提升操作的灵活性。采用一种典型工业加氢裂化催化剂实验室研究了高氮进料苛刻条件加氢裂化,并在工业试验了多种加氢裂化方案。结果表明：该催化剂具有抗氮性能强,活性稳定性优良,多产中油,氢耗低的特点,实验室研究和工业试验的方案可供炼厂加氢裂化装置借鉴。     

常温可再生精脱硫催化剂的开发与应用

介绍了KT-312型新型精脱硫催化剂的小试、侧流试验和工业应用结果。该催化剂在常温下操作,可多次再生,并能同时脱除H₂S和COS。该催化剂还解决了含高浓度CO₂工业气流的脱H₂S和COS难题。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.