基于经验感知的自适应用户界面模型

针对传统自适应界面缺乏自主学习用户交互历史、难以根据用户经验有效预测用户意图的现状,基于认知心理学相关理论,该文提出了基于经验感知的自适应用户界面模型,从界面静态组成元素、动态交互行为和自适应策略三个方面建立了该模型的统一描述,然后研究了自适应界面模型的实现架构、关键技术和建模方法.最后开发了一个个性化的虚拟家居定制原型系统,并进行了实验评估.实验结果表明,该模型能够根据用户交互历史和上下文环境,准确预测用户意图,实时调整界面布局和交互行为以主动地适应用户.     

自适应人机界面的新模型机制探讨

当前,自适应界面已成为人机界面研究的一个方向.本文首先介绍了有关人机界面和自适应界面的一些基本概念,并在此基础上提出了一个人机界面的自适应机制,并提出智能Agent是计算机领域中自适应人机界面设计思路之一,给出了基于Agent的用户模型的结构框图,探讨了用户界面Agent及其构建方法.     

基于优化目的的人机界面知识化表示方法

对一种新的人机界面操作和交互行为的知识化表示方法进行了介绍和分析。以语义网络为基础,通过对人在界面操作中的知识作业过程及交互行为进行分析研究,建立了一种带距离标识的基于面向对象的语义网络的界面知识化表示方法,提供了人机界面特征集定义、推理规则和交互描述模型。该表示方法从界面语义模型和心理语义模型的角度描述了交互,能够正确地描述人机界面的语义知识特征。并以手机短信界面为例说明了该方法的有效性和必要性。     

高交互性人机界面设计研究

人机界面是系统和用户之间进行交互和信息交换的媒介,它实现信息的内部形式和人类可接受形式间的转换.介绍了人机界面交互性的概念,并从交互设计的原则出发,论述了高交互性人机界面的设计方法.     

智能人机界面Agent的用户模型及其构建方法

智能Agent是计算机领域中自适应人机界面需要研究的关键问题之一。文章论述了智能Agent的定义、功能和组成。给出了用户模型的结构框图,探讨了用户模型及其构建方法,并通过实例介绍了几个典型的智能Agent系统。     

VR环境下基于Leap Motion的三维模型空间位姿自适应调整方法

针对目前基于Leap Motion的人机交互研究中存在的虚拟手与三维模型相互干涉、三维模型与虚拟手空间位姿同步率低的问题,提出一种基于Leap Motion的三维模型空间位姿自适应调整方法.通过将物理交互方法与启发式交互方法相结合,实现基于虚拟手位姿信息的三维模型空间位姿自适应实时精确调整,使人机交互仿真过程更加逼真,提升用户的交互式体验感.借助HTC VIVE所搭建的沉浸式虚拟现实环境,验证了该方法的可行性.     

基于MAS的智能交互界面研究及应用

自适应人机交互界面的设计是应用系统能否成功实施与使用的关键,基于此提出了将多Agent系统引入用户界面设计中.分析了交互Agent模型的性质、作用和结构,讨论了几种典型界面模型的特点.实现了一种通过广义状态转移网络学习、进化、预测用户行为并能自主动作的自适应界面Agent模型,并结合应用实例说明了其工作机制.     

基于上下文推理的指挥所业务交互研究

基于指挥所操作业务的应用需求,定义适用于指挥所中人机交互的上下文信息。在选取该上下文信息的过程中,利用OWL语言完成指挥所业务上下文描述,建立交互信息上下文感知模型。运用SWRL逻辑规则对交互信息上下文进行推理,获得业务交互过程中高层上下文语义后进行自适应调整。以一个师指挥所作战指挥业务想定为例,说明计算机通过用户交互位置和上级指令上下文信息进行调整,从而满足当前用户的交互位置和交互业务。     

基于角色的CSCW系统访问控制模型

针对现有的方法不能很好地满足CSCW系统对访问控制提出的新的需求,该文提出了一个基于角色的CSCW系统访问控制模型RBCSAC(role-based collaborative systems access control).该模型形式化地描述了数据、操作、权限、角色和用户等要素及其相互间的关系,提供访问控制信息的记录方法,通过分配和取消角色来完成对用户权限的授予和取消,并且提供了角色分配规则和操作合法性检查规则.该模型针对CSCW系统的多用户、交互、协作、实时、动态等特性,能较好地满足CSCW系统对访问控制的需求.     

基于自适应互动式的元搜索引擎

搜索引擎用户个性化的研究是搜索引擎优化的一个研究热点.一些检索系统不能满足用户的需求,提出了一种基于自适应互动式的元搜索引擎,系统借助于用户在和元搜索引擎交互的过程中用户的行为记录为用户动态的生成其偏好的查询接口,用户与元搜索引擎交互的过程中动态更新用户行为模型,自适应的满足不同检索动机的用户的信息需求,利用CC4神经网络在时网页的相关行进行判断对返回结果重新排序.     

Rapid Prototyping of Adaptable User Interfaces

User interface adaptation has been proposed in recent years as a means to achieve personalized accessibility and usability of user interfaces. Related user interface architectures, as well as a variety of related development method and tools, have also been elaborated. Admittedly, however, despite the recognized validity of the approach, which has been proved in practice in a series of prototype systems, the wider adoption and uptake of user interface adaptation approaches are still limited. One of the identified obstacles is the complexity intrinsic in designing such interfaces and the need of radically revising the current user interface design practice to account for (a) the alternative designs required for adaptation, (b) the parameters involved in driving adaptations (i.e., selecting among alternatives at a given point during interaction), and (c) the logic of adaptation at runtime. This article proposes a twofold tool-based support strategy for user interface adaptation development, based on (a) an adaptation development toolkit and related widget library, which directly embeds lexical level adaptations into common interactive widgets, and (b) embedding such a library in a common integrated development environment, thus allowing designers to define and view alternative adaptations at design time and create adaptable user interfaces through traditional prototyping. The aforementioned approach has been implemented in the domain of adaptable applications for older users, producing tools that are currently in use in the development of a large suite of interactive applications in various domains. The approach presented in this article is claimed to be the first and so far unique supporting rapid prototyping of adaptable user interfaces, thus minimizing the divergence between typical development practices and user interface adaptation development.     

一种基于原语的界面设计模式建模方法

为了提高用户界面开发的效率，通过对界面区域的构成分析，提出了基于原语的界面设计模式，并从数据、交互和展示三个角度定义了界面设计模式原语，对界面设计模式进行规范化描述。以此为基础，进一步提出了一种基于原语的界面设计模式建模方法。本方法通过对模式原语的定制对界面展示单元的静态信息、交互信息和展示信息进行采集，从而完成对界面设计模式的建模，并有效指导代码的自动生成。     

SX/Tools - An Open Design Environment for Adaptable Multimedia User Interfaces

In this paper a brief review of user interface management systems (UIMSs) and their advantages is given. Shortcomings of current UIMSs and open requirements imposed by industrial application areas are outlined. Among the most important requirements are uniform design mechanisms independent of interaction media, techniques, and styles as well as a straight forward end-user adaptability of user interfaces. A new approach to interactive interface construction, called “direct composition”, is introduced. In this approach all interface objects contain the means for their own modification and design and therefore offer consistent interaction techniques for both the construction and usage of user interfaces. Moreover, end-user adaptability is an inherent feature of direct composition interfaces. The user interface design environment SX/Tools is described to exemplify specific properties of user interface management systems following the principle of direct composition. The impacts of direct composition on user interface design include a uniform interface development process covering tool development, interface development, and “on-usage” interface adaptation. It is argued that the direct composition approach can overcome many of the problems with traditional UIMSs.     

Supporting user-adapted interface design: The USE-IT system

This paper describes USE-IT, a knowledge-based tool for automating the design of interactions at the physical level, so as to ensure accessibility of the target user interface by different user groups, including people with disabilities. To achieve this, USE-IT elicits, manipulates and interprets representations of design knowledge in order to reason about, select and decide upon lexical adaptation constituents of a user interface. Adaptation constituents are attributes of abstract interaction object classes. USE-IT generates a collection of adaptation rules (i.e. a lexical specification scenario), based on design constraints generated from three basic knowledge sources: (a) the user model, (b) the task schema, and (c) a set of platform constraints (i.e. interaction objects, attributes, device availability, etc.). A data structure called the adaptability model tree has been designed to (i) facilitate the development of plausible semantics of adaptation at the lexical level of interaction, (ii) allow unification of design constraints, and (iii) enable selection of maximally preferred design options. The output of USE-IT can be subsequently interpreted by the run-time libraries of a high-level user interface development toolkit, which provides the required implementation support for realizing the user-adapted interface on a target platform.     

Framework and authoring tool for an extension of the UIML language

This paper presents a framework for the design of User Interfaces (UIs). By applying model transformations, the framework allows different UIs to be generated for different computing platforms. The tool presented in this work helps designers to build an abstract user interface which is later transformed into a concrete user interface by means of transformation techniques based on graph grammars. These techniques can be used to generate implementation code for several UI platforms including desktop applications, dynamic websites and mobile applications. The generated user interfaces are integrated with a multi-tier application by referencing external services and communicating with the application core over Web Service protocols. Our tool also allows the concrete interfaces to be enhanced before generating the final UI. The approach uses an adaptation of UIML (User Interface Markup Language). The adaptation focuses on defining a data model and a services model, and it also introduces a navigation model that allows data communication from one UI to another. The obtained UIs together with Web Services can conform complete applications instead of just being prototypes.     

基于软件体系结构的用户界面设计方法

为实现软件体系结构指导下的软件工程设计，该文提出了一个在体系结构指导下、支持自动生成的用户界面工程开发方法。该方法把界面的体系结构作为工程模型的直接描述对象，在界面体系结构的引导和约束下，通过可视化用户干预建立界面的展示模型，在代码生成阶段采用了界面体系结构指导下的界面设计模式。研究表明，以体系结构为指导的软件模型化设计是可行的。     

An efficient model-based methodology for developing device-independent mobile applications

Current methodologies for developing mobile applications are mostly based on the application programming interfaces (APIs) offered by the native platform. Hence, most solutions are characterized by a low portability and/or reusability. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology based on a declarative and device-independent approach for developing event-driven mobile applications. The methodology relies on: (i) an abstract mobile device based on the user interface markup language; (ii) a content adaptation mechanism based on user preferences; (iii) a context adaptation mechanism based on a standardized context of delivery; (iv) a uniform set of client-side APIs based on an interface object model; (v) an efficient transformational model.More specifically, in the design phase, the application is modeled as platform-independent on the abstract mobile device. In the execution phase, the application is automatically tailored to the specific platform on the basis of the content and context adaptation mechanisms. We describe the analysis, design and implementation of a framework, called MODIF, which supports the proposed methodology, and show its application to the development of both business and consumer real-world applications on Apple iPhone? and Google Android? mobile devices. Finally, we discuss how the experience of using MODIF highlights the quality of the methodology in terms of automation of the lifecycle, expressiveness and readability of the representation, efficiency of the compilation/interpretation, fast learning curve and predictability.     

Architectural patterns for applications with external user interface elements

Coupling mobile devices and other remote interaction technology with software systems surrounding the user enables for building interactive environments under explicit user control. The realization of explicit interaction in ubiquitous or pervasive computing environments introduces a physical distribution of input devices, and technology embedded into the environment of the user. To fulfill the requirements of emerging trends in mobile interaction, common approaches for system design need adaptations and extensions. This paper presents the adaptation and extension of the Model-View-Controller approach to design applications of remote, complementary, duplicated and detached user interface elements.