基于多频脉冲序列控制Buck变换器的研究

针对开关变换器双频率控制技术存在的输出电压纹波大、输出功率范围窄等缺点,研究电压型多频率脉冲序列控制方法,该方法通过四组预设控制脉冲,实现开关变换器输出电压的调节。对多脉冲序列控制Buck变换器在电感电流连续导电模式（Continuous Conduction Mode,CCM）和电感电流断续导电模式（Discontinuous Conduction Mode,DCM）下的工作特性进行分析,重点研究了在DCM 模式下Buck变换器多频率控制。最后,分析了DCM Buck变换器工作在稳态时脉冲序列的组合方式,并通过实验验证了理论分析的正确性。     

一种新型基于二次型Buck变换器的交错并联LED驱动电源

为了减小输出电流纹波,提出了一种基于二次型Buck变换器的交错并联LED驱动电源。主电路由一个二次型Buck变换器和一条新增支路构成,这条新增支路包括一个开关管、二极管、电感和电容,优化了原有的拓扑结构,实现了高功率因数和恒流输出。采用交错并联技术,有效减小了滤波电感和输出电流纹波,纹波大小仅为输出电流峰峰值的0.18%。最后通过实验样机详细验证了理论分析的正确性。     

耦合电感在交错并联断续Buck变换器中的应用研究

文中将耦合电感应用于断续Buck变换器,分析了耦合系数对电流纹波和动态性能的影响,给出了参数设计方法,并进行了仿真实验研究。结果表明,通过合理的设计,耦合电感能够改善电路的稳态和动态性能,同时降低了损耗,提高了电路的效率。     

双向Buck/Boost变换器的教学探析

本文针对现有“电力电子技术”相关教材中存在的对双向变换器的分析不完善和各知识点之间缺乏联系等问题,探析了双向Buck/Boost变换器的拓扑生成原理,并且详细分析了变换器运行于电感电流过零模式下实现零电压开关的具体过程,并推导出了软开关的实现条件。本文有助于学生理解并加深双向变换器与基本Buck和Boost变换器之间的联系和差别,并了解软开关技术在基本变换器中的应用,具有一定的教学指导意义。     

控制受限滑模控制Buck变换器优化设计

 该文针对传统滑模控制开关变换器的滑模系数选取困难的问题,分析了控制受限的传统滑模控制Buck变换器的滑动模态区与滑模系数的关系.根据电感电流为零时系统在相平面的运动规律与滑模区的关系,给出了选取最优滑模系数的方法,以确保开关变换器系统在负载变动范围内快速进入滑动模态区,避免输出电压振荡现象.可根据负载变化范围直接采用公式计算最优滑模系数.仿真研究和实验结果验证了优化设计方法的正确性和有效性.     

基于峰值电流模控制的浮动栅驱动电路

设计了一种基于峰值电流模控制的浮动栅驱动电路,包括浮动栅宽电路和浮动栅压电路。电感电流的峰值由误差放大器的输出电压决定,不需要额外的负载电流信息进行浮动栅控制。可以根据负载电流的大小自适应调节功率管的栅宽和栅压,使效率得到优化。仿真结果表明,在1 MHz开关频率、5 V输入、0.8 V输出的双N管Buck变换器中,采用浮动栅驱动控制的Buck变换器与普通的Buck变换器相比,在轻载情况下最多可达到10%的效率提升。     

一种基于开关电流积分器的RB-COT Buck变换器

提出了一种基于开关电流积分器的RB-COT Buck变换器。通过注入电感电流纹波补偿控制环路,引入采样保持电路消除电感电流纹波的直流分量,提高了输出电压的精度。在此基础上,开关电流积分器替代原架构中的固定RC滤波器,有效提升了高工作频率下系统的响应速度,并在全频率范围内兼顾稳定性与响应速度。以全频率范围内环路稳定性作为设计基本准则,该Buck变换器在高开关频率下响应速度得到了有效提升。在1 MHz开关频率下,负载阶跃的恢复时间相比于采用固定RC滤波减少了20μs。     

一种用于同步Buck变换器的自适应反流检测电路

提出了一种用于同步整流Buck电路的自适应反流检测(AZCD)电路,能够有效限制Buck变换器在DCM模式下出现电感电流的倒灌现象,以实现低EMI和高能效。与传统反流检测电路不同,该电路能够在Buck变换器输出电压变化的情况下保证功率下管的关断准确性。在0.35 μm BCD工艺下,对该电路进行仿真验证。结果表明,在1 MHz开关频率、输出电压从1.5 V变化到3.5 V的情况下,Buck变换器中功率下管的关断误差可以控制在1 ns以内。此外,在负载电流从12.5 mA变化到50 mA的情况下,该AZCD电路可以使Buck变换器效率提升约1%。     

具有低电压应力的单开关、高升压比DC-DC变换器

提出一种适用于可再生能源应用场景的单开关、高升压、非隔离式DC-DC变换器。所提变换器由耦合电感、无源钳位电路、开关电容和升压电路组成。无源钳位电路可回收耦合电感的漏感能量,并限制开关管上的电压尖峰。此外,无源钳位和开关电容电路的有效整合增加了电压增益。简言之,宽连续导通模式(CCM)工作范围、耦合电感的低匝数比、开关上的低电压应力、近似零电流开关(ZCS)、二极管上的低电压应力、漏电感能量回收、和低占空比下的高电压增益是该变换器的优点。讨论和分析了变换器在连续导通模式(CCM)和非连续导通模式(DCM)下的稳态运行。最后,搭建了200 W的实验样机来验证所提变换器理论分析的正确性和可行性。     

基于触发式电感的零电压零电流DC／DC变换器的优化

本文介绍了零电压零电流开关全桥（ZVZCS）DC＼DC变换器。通过添加辅助电路解决了软开关谐振变换器的开关损耗问题。本文叙述了用触发式电感和LC电路的实际应用来实现零电压和零电流开关全桥变换器。通过数学模型分析了在DC＼DC变换操作中变换器的参数对其的影响，用仿真进行了整流参数和工作点的优化。实现了10kW的DC＼DC变换器实验，并在文章中给出了结果。     

一种多输出电流馈电推挽变换器的 电流反馈控制方法

 本文提出了一种应用于多输出BUCK电流馈电推挽变换器的电流反馈控制方法.该控制方法等效于可变权系数的加权电压控制方法,其通过将反馈变量采样点由输出支路转移至变压器原边输入端并利用电感电流加以补偿从而实现对各支路输出电压的均衡调节.这一控制方法在简化反馈环节的同时改善了各支路输出电压的负载调整特性.分析过程考虑了主要的传导损失.仿真与实验结果证明了该控制方法的有效性.     

一种新型软开关BUCK变换器

根据传统硬开关电源引起的不良影响,提出了一种新型软开关BUCK变换器,使得高低桥MOSFET管都能在不管是轻负载或者重负载情况下达到ZVS状态.在连续导电模式（CCM）和高负载电流情况下,上桥MOSFET管开通,下桥MOSFET管侧的二极管在死区时间内导电,这样就造成了上桥MOSFET管的开关损耗.新型软开关BUCK变换器在传统BUCK变换器的基础上加入了电感和电容,在外加电感电容的情况下,在CCM下的死区时间内的电感电流可以有效地从下桥二极管整流到上桥二极管中.根据仿真结果和工作模式分析验证其性能.     

On-chip CMOS current-sensing circuit for DC-DC buck converter

An on-chip CMOS current-sensing circuit for a DC-DC buck converter is presented. The circuit can measure the inductor current through sensing the voltage of the switch node during the converter on-state. By matching the MOSFETs, the achieved sense ratio is almost independent of temperature, model and supply voltage. The proposed circuit is suitable for low power DC-DC applications with high load current.     

The zero Voltage switching (ZVS) critical conduction mode (CRM) buck Converter With tapped-inductor

The critical conduction mode (CRM) control has some disadvantages such as the increase of switching loss and conduction loss of the main switch at extreme high/low voltage conversion applications. In this paper, a CRM buck converter with tapped inductor is proposed to overcome these problems. In this converter, both the active switch and the diode have soft switching operation by the resonance between the switch parasitic capacitors and the filter inductor. Furthermore, the peak current of the main switch is reduced by tapped inductor operation, thus the conduction loss and switching loss levels of the main switch are lowered. Consequently, this tapped inductor scheme with CRM control alleviates the severe power stress and enhances device utilization. For the proposed converter evaluation, this paper provides the operation analysis and design procedures of the converter, and also presents the hardware verification for a 50-W prototype operating at maximum 70 kHz. Finally, a new topology family derived by combination of CRM operation with the basic tapped-inductor converter is included.     

High-Power Density Design of a Soft-Switching High-Power Bidirectional dc–dc Converter

A bidirectional dc-dc converter typically consists of a buck and a boost converters. In order to have high-power density, the converter can be designed to operate in discontinuous conducting mode (DCM) such that the passive inductor can be minimized. The DCM operation associated current ripple can be alleviated by interleaving multiphase currents. However, DCM operation tends to increase turnoff loss because of a high peak current and its associated parasitic ringing due to the oscillation between the inductor and the device output capacitance. Thus, the efficiency is suffered with the conventional DCM operation. Although to reduce the turnoff loss a lossless capacitor snubber can be added across the switch, the energy stored in the capacitor needs to be discharged before device is turned on. This paper adopts a gate signal complimentary control scheme to turn on the nonactive switch and to divert the current into the antiparalleled diode of the active switch so that the main switch can be turned on under zero-voltage condition. This diverted current also eliminates the parasitic ringing in inductor current. For capacitor value selection, there is a tradeoff between turnon and turnoff losses. This paper suggests the optimization of capacitance selection through a series of hardware experiments to ensure the overall power loss minimization under complimentary DCM operating condition. According to the suggested design optimization, a 100-kW hardware prototype is constructed and tested. The experimental results are provided to verify the proposed design approach.     

Watkins-Johnson converter completes tapped inductor converter matrix

The Watkins-Johnson converter has been identified as belonging to the tapped inductor converter families extending once more the matrix of DC-DC converter topologies. This converter is analysed in terms of the tap position and the switch duty cycle and its operation as a rail-to-tap buck converter is verified.     

A novel winding-coupled buck converter for high-frequency, high-step-down DC-DC conversion

This paper analyzes the fundamental limitations of the buck converter for high-frequency, high-step-down dc-dc conversion. Further modification with additional coupled windings in the buck converter yields a novel topology, which significantly improves the efficiency without compromising the transient response. An integrated magnetic structure is proposed for these windings so that the same magnetic cores used in the buck converter can be used here as well. Furthermore, it is easy to implement a lossless clamp circuit to limit the device voltage stress and to recover inductor leakage energy. This new topology is applied for a 12V-to-1.5V/25A voltage regulator module (VRM) design. At a switching frequency of 2MHz, over 80% full-load efficiency is achieved, which is 8% higher than that of the conventional buck converter.     

A Buck-Derived Topology With Improved Step-Down Transient Performance

The slew rate of the inductor current is limited by the inductance value and the voltage across the inductor. In a buck converter, when the controller is saturated, the voltage across the inductor during a step-up load transient is $V_{rm in}-V_{rm out}$, while during a step-down load transient, it is $-V_{rm out}$. Thus, a buck converter with a large conversion ratio offers asymmetrical step-up and step-down transients. Since the rate of fall of the inductor current is much slower than the rate of rise of the inductor current, the step-down transient lasts longer than the step-up transient for the same change in the load current. The step-down slew rate can be increased by reducing the inductance, but it results in higher inductor current ripple, and hence, higher losses in the power converters. In this paper, we present a novel topology for improving the step-down load transients without reducing the inductance value. The scheme operates only during load transients and restores to the normal operating conditions during steady-state operation. It provides reduced voltage overshoots and faster settling times in output voltage during such transients. The proposed scheme is tested on a 1-V/12-A buck converter switching at 1 MHz, and the experimental results are presented.      

两级式电流馈电推挽变换器的设计

与传统的两级式电压馈电推挽变换器相比,两级式电流馈电推挽变换器省去了前级降压式变换电路（BUCK）的输出电容和后级推挽的输出电感,因而在低压大电流多路输出的应用场合具有较大优势。文章介绍了该变换器的工作原理和主要参数设计,并进行了实验验证。实验表明：该变换器具有输入电压范围宽、开关管电压应力小的优点。