深圳市前海绿松石文化传媒登陆文化四板文创专板 文化与资本对接 绿松石文化的春天

正6月26日专注于绿松石文化推广及市场开发的深圳市前海绿松石文化传媒有限公司在深圳文化产权交易所举行了挂牌仪式,深圳市湖北商会副会长、深圳市湖北商会珠宝行业协会常务副会长兼秘书长、深圳市前海绿松石文化传媒有限公司总经理祝辉明手起锤落,标志着深圳市前海绿松石文化传媒正式跨入了资本市场,挂牌代码为:20008,让绿松石产业的发展驶入了"快车道"。深圳市前海绿松石文化传媒有限公司是一家以传播特色文化"绿松石"文化为主业的企业,是一家集文化推广、设计研发、生产销售、品牌运营为一体的综合性机构。     

绿松石鉴赏与评价

绿松石用作装饰品在我国有着悠久的历史和光辉灿烂的文化。根据考古发掘资料表明，距今６０００年前的新石器时代河南新郑裴李岗文化遗址中，就出土有绿松石饰和绿松石珠。在河南安阳殷墟５号墓即出土有绿松石的蝉和蛙等工艺品，说明那时就已经有人从事绿松石的雕琢工作，...     

绿松石品质与水耦合关系及变温光谱学表征

绿松石作为一种含水的铜、铝磷酸盐矿物,其矿物中的吸附水、结晶水以及结构水含量,与其结构的致密程度密切相关,对其质地具有一定的表征作用,进而对其颜色品质产生一定的影响。因此,在红外曲线拟合技术基础上,通过研究绿松石中"水"的变化情况作为绿松石品质研究的切入点,对绿松石质地及颜色的分类作半定量分析,进而为后续开展的绿松石品质分类提供科学理论依据。选取产自马鞍山的不同质地和颜色的绿松石原矿样品,通过25~400℃范围内变温加热实验,对绿松石中吸附水、结晶水和结构水的渐变逸出过程中的红外及紫外-可见吸收光谱进行测试,并采用曲线拟合法,分别对红外吸收光谱中结晶水及结构水的吸收谱带进行积分计算,结合绿松石的颜色坐标数值的变化情况,分析研究绿松石品质与其水分子之间的耦合关系及影响因素。结果表明,质地疏松绿松石中"水"峰的相对吸收强度及积分面积比质地致密绿松石明显偏高,并且质地疏松绿松石中结晶水和结构水的稳定性明显低于质地致密绿松石;蓝色调的绿松石往往较蓝绿色调及绿色调绿松石结构致密,低温环境下更不容易因失"水"而产生颜色变化。     

二里头绿松石器的审美特征及其对竹山绿松石首饰设计的启示

绿松石是我国古代传统的玉石种类,早在二里头文化中就有大量应用。本文通过田野调查、实例分析、文献分析等方法,根据造型和功能的不同,将二里头绿松石器分为管珠类装饰品和嵌片类礼器,总结出其工艺、造型和风格的审美特征。工艺上,使用了切割、钻孔、镶嵌等技术;造型上,注重对称、规整、因材施艺;风格上,古朴庄重,凝重神秘。目前,竹山绿松石发展潜力大但产品缺乏创新性,如何实现我国绿松石首饰的创新和可持续发展,成为亟待解决的问题。本文围绕社会背景、文化内涵、材料搭配、原料特点等方面探讨二里头绿松石器的审美特征对竹山绿松石首饰设计的启示,意在向大众展现更丰富的松石之美和文化底蕴,推动当代绿松石首饰设计的创新与发展。     

基于区块链技术构建湖北竹山绿松石溯源体系研究

湖北竹山绿松石产业作为竹山县的支柱产业,在2010年成功申请了国家地理标志产品,地理标志对于提高农户收入、促进产业升级以及区域协调发展等方面有着重要作用。竹山绿松石地理标志产品缺乏可靠的溯源体系支撑,导致无法有效地利用地理标志的经济、文化等价值。传统溯源体系存在数据采集困难,数据存储不安全、易篡改等缺点。因此根据区块链具有去中心化及数据基本不可篡改等特性,建立"竹山绿松石"地理标志产品管理体系,将供应链中各重要节点纳入体系中进行管理,构建基于区块链的竹山绿松石地理标志产品溯源体系,实现竹山绿松石从矿区到销售整条供应链上的溯源信息记录,增强全产业链数据信息的安全性和透明性。监管部门、矿业公司、绿松石加工企业、消费者等用户群体都能从系统取得所需的信息,确保出具"地理标志产品"证书的竹山绿松石来源可靠。     

竹山绿松石艺术首饰创作“松石上的风景”

通过对湖北竹山绿松石艺术特点进行分析,总结出其具有花纹独一无二、生长肌理呈结核状、颜色丰富多变三个方面的特征,提出将绿松石花纹、肌理、颜色作为首饰设计的表达元素,结合其不同特点进行联想设计,笔者设计创作出"松石上的风景"系列首饰三套。作品一《松石上·远航》主要基于绿松石花纹的联想与叙事表达;作品二《松石上·瞬间》将绿松石肌理的素美与情感表达相结合;作品三《松石上·蘑趣》主要基于绿松石色彩的联想与趣味表达。绿松石作为传递首饰设计理念的重要载体,在一定程度上具有不可替代性,在彰显绿松石材料特色的同时可以通过设计作品呈现出一道道动人的风景。     

浅谈现代绿松石的鉴定技术

绿松石作为重要中档宝石饰品和高档玉器材料为人们所佩戴和使用已有5000年以上的历史,绿松石可以说是地球上最早开采的宝石之一。随着绿松石价格一路飙升,市场上出现仿绿松石。消费者难以通过肉眼来辨认,必须通过相关方法和仪器进行鉴定方可确定绿松石的真假。本文通过描述绿松石的基本特征,介绍几种常见的绿松石鉴定技术。     

浅谈绿松石的优化处理

正绿松石作为古老的玉石品种,在国内外市场一直是享有盛名,并且它的使用和佩戴历史非常悠久。随着近几年来市场营销手段的炒作,使得绿松石的在珠宝市场上更加活跃了起来,也随之出现了很多优化处理过的绿松石鱼目混珠,以次充好。本文就市场上常见的几种优化处理的方法做了分析研究,以供市场参考。近年来绿松石的饰物在国内外极为畅销,随着珠宝市场需求量的逐步增大,绿松石每年的销售量以25%左右的速度增长,致使绿松石     

合成仿绿松石的鉴别

近年来，随着民族风、宗教因素等的流行，颜色诡异而美丽的绿松石成为了时尚界的新宠，被时装设计师、流行饰品制造商广为采用。然而，市场上的优质绿松石资源短缺，颜色偏绿的中低档绿松石难以满足人们的审美需要。在一些亚洲国家，蓝色被视为吉利。优质绿松石为天蓝色，无裂隙，而颜色变绿则被认为是厄运的征兆。受文化的影响，推广颜色发绿的中低档绿松石饰品有一定的难度。     

中国古老名玉——绿松石

文章以翔实的资料，从地质学、考古学、宝石学、历史学、玉文化为切入点，详细介绍了绿松石名称、成因、物化性能、资源概况、产地、悠久历史文化及传说。对绿松石质量、工艺特征进行了评价，对古老名玉绿松石的鉴赏和收藏进行了评述。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.