磨削过程知识学习

磨削加工光磨时间、加工节拍直接体现磨削加工参数,粗磨过程的好坏是磨削过程的关键,磨削过程声发射信号粗磨段上升部分包含着磨削过程最丰富的信息,采用平均三角分配模糊规则对磨削过程声发射信号粗磨段上升部分进行知识获取和自学习,建立磨削加工光磨时间、加工节拍与磨削声发射曲线粗磨段上升部分斜率之间的对应关系,据此可得到任意光磨时间、加工节拍时对应的磨削声发射曲线粗磨段上升部分斜率。以此判断加工参数选择的合理性,以实现磨削加工的加工参数自动选择和智能控制,确保加工质量,实现磨削过程加工参数在线调整、磨削智能化。     

基于声发射信号的精密外圆切入磨削时间评估算法及试验研究

针对精密外圆切入磨削智能监控的需求,设计一种基于声发射信号的磨削时间在线评估方法。通过建立声发射信号方均根值曲线预测模型,获得声发射信号与磨削系统时间常数的关系,设计磨削系统时间常数在线计算方法;利用在线检测的声发射信号识别砂轮运动去除状态,推导基于声发射信号的外圆切入磨削表面粗糙度评价和工件几何精度预测模型,以此建立砂轮进给与驻留时间的评估算法;编写磨削时间分析评估软件,设计磨削时间在线评估方法,通过加工试验分析磨削时间对磨削加工精度与表面粗糙度的影响规律,并对评估算法进行验证。试验结果表明:该评估方法能够根据磨削时间有效评价加工质量,为精密外圆切入磨削智能监控与工艺优化提供决策依据。     

磨削烧伤声发射智能监测的研究进展

根据磨削加工中声发射监测的特点,在论述信号分析方法的基础上,重点综述了声发射技术在磨削烧伤智能监测中的研究进展;并揭示了声发射监测在砂轮钝化、工件表面粗糙度等领域的最新研究成果。最后阐述了基于声发射监测的智能磨削系统的发展现状,展望了智能声发射监测技术在磨削加工中的发展前景。     

声发射技术在修整工艺和磨削工艺参数选择上的应用

磨削过程中磨削力与AE声发射信号有较强的对应关系,对工件表面加工质量有很大影响。首先,以单因素实验法改变修整工艺的某个参数,得到了AE声发射信号与工件加工表面粗糙度之间的变化规律;随后通过正交实验法,修整工艺参数以"三因数三水平"得到了AE声发射信号与工件加工表面粗糙度之间的变化规律;之后探讨了利用AE声发射信号监测砂轮的磨损状态;最后通过正交实验法,磨削工艺参数以"三因素三水平"法得到了AE声发射信号与工件加工表面粗糙度之间的关系,为提高外圆磨床磨削质量和效率、选择最佳的工艺参数给出了指导。     

工程陶瓷磨削声发射和磨削温度磨削力联合监测的研究

磨削声发射可以对磨削过程实时监测,磨削声发射信号均方根AERMS可以用来分析磨削过程的特征.为了使用磨削力、磨削温度、磨削声发射来联合对工程陶瓷氧化锆与氧化铝磨削过程进行全面监测和对工程陶瓷磨削机理进行深入研究,通过实验研究了磨削声发射信号与磨削力和磨削温度之间的内在联系,建立了工程陶瓷氧化锆与氧化铝磨削声发射信号与磨...     

基于声发射信号的精密外圆切入磨削效率优化

针对精密外圆切入磨削加工时磨削效率问题进行研究。建立了磨削进给量与磨削时间的关系方程,进而得到磨削深度与时间的关系方程;建立了声发射信号的磨削理论模型,在线识别砂轮运动去除状态,通过加工试验分析磨削时间对磨削表面粗糙度和加工精度的影响;结合试验得到的声发射均方根信号进行曲线拟合,编写磨削时间在线分析软件,减少无效的磨削时间,提高磨削效率。试验结果表明:该方法能够在满足加工工艺的前提下,提高精密磨削切入磨的效率。     

基于声发射信号的外圆切入磨削去除率监测

针对精密外圆切入磨削加工的在线监测需求,提出一种采用声发射信号实现轴类零件材料去除率在线监测的方法。根据声发射信号强度与磨削力之间的联系,建立了声发射信号均方根曲线的预测模型,利用该预测模型研究了砂轮进给阶段和驻留阶段磨削系统时间常数的理论计算方法,推导了声发射信号均方根曲线与工件材料去除率的关系;编写了在线监测软件,利用声发射传感器实现了精密外圆切入磨削的材料去除率预测。实验证明,所建立的声发射信号均方根曲线模型具有良好的预测精度,基于该模型能够实现磨削系统时间常数在线评估,并实现精密轴类零件材料去除率的实时在线监测。     

声发射监控磨削过程中影响因素的实验研究

本文利用自制AE-I型声发射磨削检测仪进行试验，在分析磨削接触前后声发射信号变化的基础上，指出磨削接触前后声发射信号会出现很大变化，可以根据声发射信号的变化作为磨削接触的标志；在分析磨削过程中影响声发射信号大小的因素基础上，指出了影响声发射信号大小的主要因素，并提出了砂轮钝化的检测方法。     

模拟磨削烧伤声发射信号的实验研究

人们一直试图运用声发射技术来在线识别磨削烧伤，但磨削烧伤的声发射信号相对较弱，容易被磨削中其它声发射信号所掩盖。为了在发现磨削烧伤声发射信号，对镍基合金和陶瓷材料热扩散的声发射信号特征进行了研究，该热扩散由激光照射引起，来模拟磨削热效应。运用短时傅里叶变换技术，在没有其它干扰因素的条件下，模拟磨削烧伤温度的声发射信号的频率特征被成功的提取出来。发现材料温度改变越大则声发射信号越强!     

采用遗传算法优化神经网络的铸铁表面粗糙度声发射预测

表面粗糙度是汽车发动机曲轴精密磨削加工中的一个非常重要的指标,在线监测表面粗糙度是曲轴智能磨削成功的标志。应用美国声学物理公司PAC的PCI-2声发射实验仪器测量磨削声发射信号,采用遗传算法优化BP神经网络,以磨削声发射信号均方根和快速傅里叶变换峰值为特征值,对平面磨削曲轴球墨铸铁材料QT700-2表面粗糙度成功进行了预测。与表面粗糙度的实测结果表明相对误差可控制在6.22%以下。     

Evaluation of wheel life by grinding ratio and static force

A degree of sharpness in wheel grains affects the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy in the grinding process. If a wheel with dull grains is used, the grinding force is increased and the surface roughness is deteriorated. In ovder to produce a precision component economically, the magnitude of the wear amount in the grinding wheel has to be limited. In this study, experimental evaluation of a wheel life varying with the grinding ratio and static grinding force was conducted. The grinding ratio and grinding force were measured to seek the grinding performance of the WA wheel. The relationship between the grinding ratio and static grinding force was presented.     

磨削加工技术的现状

综述了磨削加工在机械制造业中的重要地位,提出了高速超高速磨削技术的优越性,阐明了实现高速超高速磨削的理论依据,分析了磨削加工的国内外现状,概述了欧洲、美国、日本等国近十年内的先进磨削技术和高性能磨床,并阐述了国内近几年磨削技术的发展状况。     

磨削加工技术的发展趋势

综述了磨削加工的发展趋势,主要包括高速磨削、超高速磨削、精密和超精密磨削、缓进给磨削、高效深切磨削、砂带磨削及绿色磨削技术.分析了超高速磨削加工的机理及超高速磨削的优越性.阐述了高速超高速磨削加工技术的发展前景.     

高速深磨磨削表面烧伤的实验研究

高速深磨磨削表面烧伤研究是高速深磨的非常重要的内容。文章通过测量40Cr钢高速深磨磨削试件表面烧伤层的深度,观察磨削表面质量,分析了高速深磨各种工艺参数对磨削烧伤层厚度的影响规律,研究了避免磨削烧伤和磨削裂纹的高速深磨磨削参数优化准则。     

Effect of parameters on grinding forces and energy while grinding Al (A356)/SiC composites

Abstract

Grinding processes require a high energy input per unit volume of material removed, which is converted to heat at the grinding zone, resulting in increased force and wear. In the present study, the influence of grinding parameters like work speed and depth of cut on grinding forces and energy was studied. An attempt has been made to study the forces and energy involved while grinding aluminium alloy (A356)/silicon carbide (SiC) composite material with different grinding wheels. Experiments were carried out on a surface grinding machine. Three different types of wheels like SiC, cubic boron nitride (CBN) and diamond wheels were used. The grinding forces increased with increase in depth of cut and work speed. SiC exhibited high grinding force compared to the CBN wheel. In the case of the diamond wheel, it was even less. The specific grinding energy was highest for the diamond wheel followed by CBN and SiC wheels. The specific grinding energy decreased with increase in depth of cut and work speed.     

磨削过程中磨削液的有效利用及其实现技术

在磨削加工过程中,一般都是利用向磨削区供给充分冷却液的方法来抑制零件表面温度升高和解决热损伤。但是由于砂轮的高速旋转,会在砂轮的表面形成一个高压空气边界层,阻止磨削液有效的进入磨削区,使加工条件恶化,磨削区温度升高,影响了工件的表面质量和完整性。通过合理的选择供液压力、流量和供液方式及喷嘴形式来提高进入磨削区有效磨削液的比例,进而更好的发挥磨削液的冷却作用,降低磨削区温度,保证工件表面质量和表面完整性,同时也有利于实现绿色磨削加工。     

测量外圆磨削力用弹性顶尖

介绍一种在生产条件下测量外圆磨削力的方法,给出了相应的结构图。进一步分析了测量磨削力的工作原理,计算弹性变形体变形,供有关工艺人员参考。     

内冷却砂轮工装研制

由于磨削加工中过高的磨削温度,可采用内冷却砂轮磨削,将切削液直接浇注到磨削区内部,破坏了磨削区的封闭性,从根本上解决磨削温度高引起的工程实际问题.在普通磨床上采用内冷却砂轮磨削就必须提供内冷却砂轮工装,通过对砂轮内冷却总体方案、内冷却砂轮工装设计进行了研究,研制出了结构简单,性能可靠高的内冷却砂轮工装,将该工装用于M7130C平面磨床进行磨削加工,大大降低了磨削区温度,有效避免磨削烧伤,提高了磨削加工质量,效果良好.实验表明内冷却砂轮可加工某些难加工材料,扩大了磨床加工范围.     

The role of cooling in creep feed grinding

This paper concerns the thermal aspects of creep feed grinding, as contrasted to conventional grinding. The importance of adequate cooling in creep feed grinding is well known. Without cooling, the grinding temperature in creep feed grinding would be higher than in conventional grinding. Fortunately, coolant application has been seen to be very effective in reducing the grinding temperature in creep feed grinding. In fact, while cooling is more crucial in creep feed than in conventional grinding, it is also more effective in creep feed grinding.     

Surface grinding of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) with an internal coolant supplied through grinding wheel

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is widely used in the aerospace industry due to its high specific strength and elastic modulus. When cutting CFRP with tools such as an endmill, problems such as severe tool wear, delamination, and burrs in the CFRP can arise. Grinding, on the other hand, is supposed to improve the quality of the machined surface and tool life, according to its machining property. However, the amount of heat generated during grinding is still a considerable problem in that it is significantly higher than the temperature with conventional cutting. In order to achieve the high performance machining of CFRP, this study aims to show the effect of supplying an internal coolant through the grinding wheel on the surface of the CFRP. Face grinding of CFRP using a cup-type grinding wheel was conducted. Vitrified aluminum oxide grinding wheel was used. Three different coolant supply systems were tested: dry grinding, coolant supply using an external nozzle, and coolant supplied internally through the grinding wheel. The results showed that matrix resin loading on grinding wheel was significantly reduced by the internal coolant supply. Hence, the grains of the grinding wheel were able to cut the fibers sharply, without delamination or burr formation on the ground surface, and surface roughness was reduced compared to the machined surface with endmill. The internal coolant supplied through the grinding wheel showed greater cooling ability, and markedly reduced grinding temperature, keeping it lower than the glass-transition temperature of the matrix epoxy resin of CFRP. Because the coolant was supplied to the grinding point directly through pores in the grinding wheel, chips were eliminated from the pores, and coolant supply was sufficient to cool the ground surface.