丁二酸二乙酯与乙醇混合液密度和黏度的测定及关联

在常压下采用U形振动管密度计和乌氏黏度计分别测定了丁二酸二乙酯与乙醇的混合液在298.15～343.15K下的密度和黏度,并由密度数据和黏度数据分别计算出了不同温度和组成下的超额体积VE和超额黏度Δη;VE为正值,Δη为负值,同时分别将不同温度下的超额体积、超额黏度与组成的关系用Redlich-Kister方程进行了关联。     

离子液体[BPy]BF4和甲醇二元混合体系的超额摩尔体积、折射率和黏度

合成了室温离子液体N-丁基吡啶四氟硼酸盐([BPy]BF4),通过核磁共振1H-NMR和红外光谱IR对其结构进行了表征.在298.15 K和常压下,采用U形振荡管密度计测定[BPy]BF4-甲醇体系的密度;用阿贝尔折射仪测定了该二元混合体系在相同温度和压力下的折射率;用乌氏黏度计测定了该二元混合体系在相同温度和压力下的...     

丁酮肟-丁酮、正己烷、环己烷二元体系密度和黏度的测定及关联

丁酮肟由于其低毒、低污染和高脱氧效果而被用作防结皮剂、锅炉的除氧剂和脱酮肟基硅烷交联剂的生产原料,然而丁酮肟及其二元混合体系的密度与黏度却鲜有报道。本文利用密度瓶,测定了丁酮肟-丁酮、丁酮肟-环己烷和丁酮肟-正己烷三个二元体系在(293.15～303.15)K、常压条件下的密度,用乌氏黏度计测定了三个二元混合体系在(293.15～303.15)K、常压条件下的黏度。对不同温度下混合密度与组成的关系,通过多项式方程进行了拟合;对不同温度下混合黏度与组成的关系,分别通过Grunberg-Nissan和Eyring-UNIQUAC方程进行了拟合,并给出了回归系数和平均相对偏差。本文数据和关联可为丁酮肟相关工业过程的设计、模拟和优化提供便利。     

碳酸二乙酯黏度和密度的实验测量及数据关联

采用振动弦黏度/密度计对碳酸二乙酯的黏度与密度进行了实验研究,测量的温度范围为263～363 K,压力范围为0.1～20 MPa。实验系统黏度和密度测量的不确定度分别为±2.0%和±0.2%。利用得到的实验数据,分别拟合了碳酸二乙酯黏度和密度方程。黏度实验数据与方程的平均绝对偏差为0.54%,最大绝对偏差为1.98%;密度实验数据与方程的平均绝对偏差为0.042%,最大绝对偏差为0.12%。最后将实验数据与文献数据进行了比较。为碳酸二乙酯作为替代燃料等研究提供了基础数据。     

中压下氮氢氨在正庚烷中的溶解度测定

实验用液相流动法分别测定了在不同温度,压力下氨合成体系中氮、氢、氨三组分气体在正庚烷中的溶解度.根据正庚烷超临界流体中氨合成的工艺条件,确定了溶解度测定的温度,压力范围.温度313.15～353.15K,压力分别为:氮气1～6 MPa,氢气3～9MPa,氨气1～1.5MPa.结果表明在相同的温度和压力下,正庚烷中的溶解度大小顺序依次为:氨＞氮＞氢.测定的溶解度数据可以用来确定超临界氨合成反应的出口工艺条件,实验得到的结论对超临界氨合成新工艺的探索具有一定的参考价值.     

均三甲苯/二异丁基甲醇混合溶剂黏度测定及关联

采用乌氏黏度仪,在常压和293.15～323.15 K温度范围内测定了均三甲苯与二异丁基甲醇混合溶剂以及两种纯溶剂的黏度,计算了不同温度和组成下混合溶剂的超额黏度。用Redlich-Kister方程对超额黏度进行了关联;用Andrade方程、UNIFA-VISCO模型以及Grunberg-Nissan模型对黏度进行了关联与预测。结果表明,混合溶剂的黏度随温度升高和均三甲苯含量增加而减小。超额黏度均为负值,且随均三甲苯含量增加呈U形变化,约在均三甲苯摩尔分数为0.3时达到最低。Grunberg-Nissan模型对黏度数据的关联和预测性最好,预测值与实测值的最大和平均相对偏差分别为12.96%和5.74%。     

碳酸二乙酯-甲苯二元体系黏度密度的测定及关联

在常压下采用U形振动管密度计测定了碳酸二乙酯一甲苯二元体系在298．15-363．15K下的相对密度,用乌氏黏度计测定了该混合物在298．15-363．15K下的黏度,并由密度数据计算出超额体积V^E及混合黏度的变化△η,同时对不同温度下的超额体积和混合黏度的变化与组成的关系按Redlich—Kiste方程进行了关联,给出了回归系数和标准误差。并用分子之间的作用力解释了混合物的超额体积和混合黏度的变化随组成的变化情况。     

乙醇胺乳酸盐离子液体吸收SO2过程中的物理化学性质

测定了常压下乙醇胺乳酸盐-水二元混合体系纯组分及混合液在303.15～333.15 K温度内的密度和黏度, 并对实验数据进行拟合, 通过Jouyban-Acree模型将密度、黏度数据与温度和组成进行关联, 得到关联参数。实验还测定了不同水分含量下该体系饱和吸收SO₂后的密度、黏度。结果表明:该二元混合体系的密度随着温度以及水含量的增大而下降;在水分含量低时该体系的黏度随着温度以及含水量的增大而急剧下降;在水分质量分数超过60%时, 含水量对黏度变化的影响较小。在相同条件下饱和吸收SO₂后, 该体系的密度和黏度比吸收前的略有增大。另外, 分别由密度和黏度实验数据计算不同温度及组成下该二元体系的超额摩尔体积V^E和混合黏度变化Δη, 结果均为负值, 产生了负偏差, 说明离子液体与水之间较强的相互作用。     

离子液体[BMP][Tf_2N]基本物性的实验及模型关联研究

针对离子液体[BMP][Tf_2N]的物性数据缺乏的问题,在101.325 kPa下对[BMP][Tf_2N]在温度范围为278.15～338.15 K的黏度和温度范围为298.15～338.15 K的密度、电导率进行了实验测定。结果表明,黏度、密度和电导率在温度范围内的值分别是21.6～193.4 mPa·s、1 356.0～1 389.2 kg/m³和0.273～0.893 S/m,黏度、密度和电导率均受温度的影响较大,当压力一定时,[BMP][Tf_2N]的黏度、密度随温度的升高而减小;而电导率随温度的升高而增大;分别采用Arrhenius方程、自然对数方程和VFT方程关联[BMP][Tf_2N]的黏度、密度和电导率的实验数据表明,模型值与实验值的最大相对误差和平均相对误差分别是2.25%和0.94%,5.74%和5.39%,4.412%和4.245%;进一步说明关联模型与实验数据具有良好的一致性。     

乙酸乙酯-1,2-丙二醇二元系的密度、折射率和黏度

常压下测定了乙酸乙酯和1,2-丙二醇二元系在298.15～323.15 K下的密度、折射率和黏度,建立了混合液密度、黏度随组成和温度变化关系的方程。计算了过量摩尔体积V^E,折射率偏差Δn_D,黏度偏差Δη和过量流动活化自由能ΔG^*E。结果表明,过量摩尔体积低温时在全浓度范围内为负值,但随温度升高,在富酯区变为正值;而折射率偏差高温时在富醇区为微小正值,其他情况都是负值;黏度偏差和过量流动活化自由能显示了相同的变化关系,均为负值,且都随温度降低而偏差增大。     

双阳离子型离子液体[C3(MIM)2][PF6]2的热容测定及估算

利用差示扫描热量计(DSC)测定了双阳离子型离子液体1,1′-(丙烷-1,3-二基)-双(3-甲基-1H-咪唑鎓-1-基)双六氟磷酸盐([C3(MIM)2][PF6]2)在293.15-543.15 K温区内的摩尔热容.实验结果表明:在293.15-403.15 K和433.15-543.15 K温区内,该化合物无相变...     

部分互溶体系4-甲基-2-戊醇和水的过量焓研究

本文使用LKB-2107型流动式微量热计测量了在293.15K、298.15K、303.15K和常压下部分互溶体系4甲基2戊醇和水的过量焓,并将所得结果用Rcdlich-Kister方程关联. 富醇区数据还用NRTL模型进行了关联,并推算出常压下汽液平衡数据.推算值与实验值比较,汽相组成和泡点的平均偏差分别为0.02摩尔分率和1.03K.     

Viscosity and density of isobutane measured in wide ranges of temperature and pressure including the near‐critical region

Accurate ηρpT data for isobutane were measured for nine isotherms between 298.15 and 498.15 K using simultaneously a vibrating‐wire viscometer and a single‐sinker densimeter. The maximum pressure was 93% of the saturated for subcritical isotherms and 30 MPa for supercritical isotherms. The density measurements are generally characterized by an uncertainty of ≤0.1%. Allocation errors for temperature and pressure influence significantly their uncertainty in the near‐critical region. A comparison with the equation of state by Bücker and Wagner shows agreement normally within ±0.1%. The near‐critical isotherm 410.15 K reveals differences to ?3.7% exceeding the uncertainty of 1.9%. The uncertainty in viscosity is ≤0.3%. The comparison with the correlation of Vogel et al. yields deviations exceeding the uncertainty of the correlation (3%). The critical enhancement becomes evident for the near‐critical isotherm amounting to 1.4%. The new data will improve the viscosity surface correlation. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3116–3137, 2015     

有机物质粘度的加压测定和高压液体粘度与密度的关联方程

对落体式粘度计进行了结构改进.在298.15～348.15K(±0.05K)、由常压至29.5MPa的范围内,测定了四氢呋喃、丙酮、乙腈和苯胺4种纯物质,以及苯+环己烷、正丙醇+正庚烷和正丁醇+正庚烷3种二元混合物的液体粘度共294点.提出了高压液体粘度与密度的关联方程,lnφ=ln(l/μ)=A-lnρ+ξ(3ξ-4)/(1-ξ)~2-Cρ/(RT).用本式对最大压力范围为0.1～500MPa、最大温变幅度为170K的广泛类型物质的液体粘度数据共1049点进行关联和计算,计算值的总平均相对偏差为2.64%,远低于选作比较的Dymond等的关联方程.     

Experimental measurement and correlation of solubility of β-carotene in pure and ethanol-modified subcritical water

For the first time, the solubility of β-carotene in pure and ethanol-modified subcritical water (SW) using the static method was determined. The experimental runs were performed at a temperature ranging from 298.15 to 403.15 K and 0-10% (w/w) of ethanol as a modifier at a constant pressure of 5 MPa. Samples were analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometer. The solubility of β-carotene was found to range from 1.084×10^-8 to 227.1×10^-8 mol fractions in the subcritical water in above mentioned conditions. The obtained β-carotene solubility data were correlated using the linear model and modified Apelblat model. The obtained results showed the modified Apelblat model was better for estimating the solubility of β-carotene in SW. The values of the rootmean-square deviation (RMSD) between experimental and correlated data were calculated and used as the index of validity and accuracy for the model. Also, thermodynamic properties of the solution such as the Gibbs free energy of solution, enthalpy, and entropy of solution were estimated.     

Experimental measurement and correlation of solubility of β-carotene in pure and ethanol-modified subcritical water

For the first time, the solubility of β-carotene in pure and ethanol-modified subcritical water (SW) using the static method was determined. The experimental runs were performed at a temperature ranging from 298.15 to 403.15 K and 0–10% (w/w) of ethanol as a modifier at a constant pressure of 5 MPa. Samples were analyzed by UV–vis spectrophotometer. The solubility of β-carotene was found to range from 1.084 × 10⁻⁸ to 227.1 × 10⁻⁸ mol fractions in the subcritical water in above mentioned conditions. The obtained β-carotene solubility data were correlated using the linear model and modified Apelblat model. The obtained results showed the modified Apelblat model was better for estimating the solubility of β-carotene in SW. The values of the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) between experimental and correlated data were calculated and used as the index of validity and accuracy for the model. Also, thermodynamic properties of the solution such as the Gibbs free energy of solution, enthalpy, and entropy of solution were estimated.     

Physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate in the non-precipitation regime from 298.15 to 343.15 K

The physicochemical properties, including the density, viscosity, and refractive index of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate as a solvent for CO2 absorption in the non-precipitation regime were measured under the wide temperature range of 298.15 to 343.15 K. The concentration of the sodium glycinate in an aqueous form in the non-precipitation regime was identified up to 2.0 mol·L?1. The coefficients of thermal expansion values were estimated from measured density data. It was found that, the densities, viscosities and refractive indices of the aqueous sodium glycinate decrease with an increase in temperature, whereas with increasing sodium glycinate concentration in the solution, all three properties increase. Thermal expansion coefficients slightly increase with rising temperature and concentration. The measured values of density, viscosity and refractive index were correlated as a function of temperature by using the least squares method. The predicted data obtained from correlation equations for all measured properties were in fairly good agreement with the experimental data.     

CO2在碳酸二甲酯溶剂中溶解度的测定

采用恒定容积法测定了不同温度下CO2在碳酸二甲酯溶剂中的溶解度。结果表明,溶解度随压力升高而增大,随温度升高而减小。实验结果与基于正规溶液理论的PS法估算值比较符合。在相同条件下,CO2在碳酸二甲酯中的溶解度比在碳酸丙烯酯中的溶解度平均约高30%。     

乙酸乙酯-异丙醇二元系的黏度行为和表面性质

常压下测定了乙酸乙酯和异丙醇二元系在298.15～323.15 K下的黏度和表面张力,计算了黏度偏差、过量流动活化自由能和表面张力偏差,采用Redlich-Kister方程进行了关联。结果表明,黏度偏差、过量流动活化自由能和表面张力偏差均为负值,且显示了相同的变化趋势,随温度降低而偏差增大。利用表面张力数据进一步考察了混合液表面熵和表面焓,并基于扩展的Langmuir模型,计算了异丙醇的疏液性β及其表面组成。β值表明异丙醇对表面有更大的亲和力,其表面组成始终高于在溶液本体中的组成。