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水土保持方案做为开发建设项目立项的必备条件,是防治开发建设项目建设和运行过程中造成人为水土流失的重要技术文件,编制过程中存在调查勘测深度不够、水土流失预测缺乏理论支持、主体工程制约性分析评价不足、防治责任范围界定不准确等问题,结合方案编制、技术评审、竣工验收等工作实践,提出了加强宣传培训、积极开展试验研究、严格水土保持方案审批等建议。 相似文献
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一、水土保持方案的内容与作用(一)水土保持方案的主要内容水土保持法第十九条、水土保持法实施条例第十四条规定,在开发建设项目环境影响报告书中,须有先经水行政主管部门批准同意的水土保持方案。无论是审批制建设项目,还是核准制或备案制建设项目,均须在立项前编报水土保持方案并达到相应的设计深度。水土保持方案的主要内容包括项目概况、项目区概况、水土流失预测分析、主体工程及施工组织设计的分析评价、水土流失防治措施体系及防治效果分析、水土保持 相似文献
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受自然条件和人为因素影响,许昌市西部部分山丘区水土流失较为严重,分析了水土流失现状和影响因素。解决这些问题的对策是在水土流失防治的基础上,辅以治理措施,并加大宣传教育,进一步加大生产建设项目水土保持方案建设和水土保持监督管理工作。 相似文献
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以尧柏水泥生产线工程的水土保持监测为例,介绍了该工程水土保持监测范围、内容、方法和结果,对项目区水土流失动态变化情况、防治措施实施情况以及防治效果等进行了综合评价。结果表明,开发建设项目通过实施各项水保防治措施后,能有效遏制因工程建设所造成的水土流失,较好地保护当地生态环境。 相似文献
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本文通过对遂宁麻子滩水库饮灌工程项目水土保持方案编制的的实践,进行了开发建设项目中的水土保持研究。内容包括开发建设项目中新增水土流失的调查与监测,不同开发建设项目水土流失的防治措施,水土保持方案的编制方法和实施不土保持方案后效益与分析评价,为开发建设单位编制水土保持方案提供了科学方法。 相似文献
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以北京市大兴区庞魏路(京开高速东辅路—东大路)改建工程为例,结合主体施工过程中的监理和监测报告,对项目水影响评价审查实施效果进行调查后评价研究。结果表明:在水土保持方面,6项开发建设项目水土流失防治标准控制指标和7项北京市公路建设项目水土流失防治标准控制指标均已达标,生态边沟、顺接工程和效能漫滩等工程措施起到了较好的水土保持效益;在防洪排涝方面,公路跨河段桥梁设计达到防洪标准,下凹桥与泵站建设能有效解决道路路面排水;在景观搭配方面,绿化树种丰富,在发挥水土保持和隔离防护作用的情况下,提高了项目区绿化景观效果。 相似文献
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对嘉兴地区主要给水厂近年来应用立体弹性填料、LT型悬浮球填料、YS型悬浮填料、卵石填料等的生物预处理工艺从填料及配套设施、工艺运行参数、运行效果、成本等方面进行了比较.认为弹性填料生物预处理更适用于低浊(50 NTU以下)、低氨氮(1.5 mg/L以下)原水,LT型悬浮球填料生物预处理适用于低中浊(100 NTU以下)、低中氨氮(2.5 mg/L以下)原水,YS型悬浮填料生物预处理及"SAF"滤池对低浊、中高氨氮(2.5 mg/L以上)原水有较好的适应性.最后探讨了弹性填料存在的短流、积泥,悬浮填料存在的部分填料流化不均匀,富氧的生物工艺单元内水生动物泛滥等问题. 相似文献
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Changes in nutrient levels in some Eastern European rivers in response to large-scale changes in agriculture. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
P St?lnacke S M Vandsemb A Vassiljev A Grimvall G Jolankai 《Water science and technology》2004,49(3):29-36
Since the late 1980s, the use of commercial fertilisers in most Eastern European countries has decreased at an unprecedented rate. We examined the impact of this dramatic reduction in agricultural inputs on concentrations of nutrients in four rivers in Eastern Europe: the Emajogi and Ohnejogi (Estonia), the Daugava (Latvia), and the Tisza (Hungary). Time series of nitrate (NO3-N) and phosphate (PO4-P) concentrations and data on runoff were selected to represent catchments with substantial areas of agricultural land and available time series of sufficient length and frequency. The study period was 1987-1998. We detected downward trends in nitrate-N and phosphate-P in only two of the four rivers. Our results imply that the response to the extensive decrease in agricultural intensity since the late 1980s has been slow and limited in many rivers. Corresponding results in the literature are inconclusive and comprise several examples of both decreasing and non-decreasing nutrient concentrations. Our findings, along with similar data from other studies, indicate that large cuts in nutrient inputs do not necessarily induce an immediate response, particularly in medium-sized and large catchment areas. Moreover, the difference we noted between nitrogen and phosphorus suggests that factors other than reduced fertiliser application influenced the inertia of the water quality response. 相似文献
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对长江、珠江等河口及其近海水域缺氧现象与影响因素进行研究,结果表明,主要分布于长江与珠江河口及其邻近海域的缺氧现象,夏季(6—8月)达到最盛,秋冬季消失;长江口的缺氧区域主要位于30.75°N~32°N,122.5°E~123.25°E附近海域,具有南北2个缺氧中心;珠江口缺氧程度相对较轻,缺氧区域主要在广州黄埔区河段至虎门水域和伶仃洋;辽河、钱塘江、海河等河口区域也时而出现零星的缺氧现象;水体缺氧受控于多项环境要素,物理层化作用是缺氧产生的最初诱因之一,陆源污染物的分解则是重要的耗氧负荷;各河口区特征各异,潮汐、洋流、营养盐、叶绿素a等要素对缺氧区的范围、程度和持续时间影响程度不一。 相似文献
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深圳河支流新洲河属雨源型河流,因污染而采取全线截排污水整治.在上游河道内利用生物飘带技术处理低浓度污水,处理达标后,作为河流生态水源.在中游将截排污水引入自然循环方式污水处理系统,处理达标后作为河道补水.下游利用射流清淤配合利用天文大潮进行水体交换,达到消除黑臭水体,维持河道水景观的目的.介绍新洲河水环境综合整治采用的几项关键技术的设计原理及应用效果. 相似文献
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Ecological river engineering can be defined as the design and implementation of river works and river restoration works for the benefit of human society. It also guarantees the sustainable ecological functions of a river, such as its habitats and self-purification of its water. It is currently in the beginning stages in Korea, utilizing scientific knowledge on the processes of aquatic ecosystem degeneration and a methodology for solving the ecological problems in artificially altered rivers currently under development. The changes in river management and work practices in Korea may be best explained with a chronologically progressing sequence of ‘Natural’, ‘Disaster-prevention’, ‘Occupied’, ‘Park’, and ‘Close-to-nature’ rivers. Since the 1960s, the focus on river management and work has shifted from flood control only, to both flood control and riverine habitat conservation and restoration. Five research topics have been selected for this article, and the progress of each research area is briefly described with a representative picture in each topic. They are as follows: (1) flow resistance due to vegetation, (2) environmental flow, (3) floodplain vegetation modeling, (4) small dam removal, and (5) river restoration. For the future prospects of research on ecological river engineering in Korea, a necessity of further research on floodplain vegetation recruitment and succession, which can explain the so-called ‘white river’ and ‘green river’, is underlined, among others. Finally, two ongoing large research programs on river ecosystem restoration, of which are sponsored by the Government of Korea, are briefly introduced, followed by the introduction of a near-prototype experiment facility recently completed mainly for research on ecological river engineering. 相似文献
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李广杰 《水科学与工程技术》2001,(5):7-8
洋河水库是我省重点病险库之一,1998年12月实施除险加固工程。工程建设过程中在科研、设计、施工及管理等方面取得了可喜的成果。通过研究分析,因地制宜地选择了天然建筑材料,合理确定了施工方案,有效保证了施工质量,节约了工程投资。 相似文献