包装材料对肉类食品胀袋问题的影响与分析

目的 比较分析不同种类包装材料的性能差异对所包装肉类食品胀袋问题的影响。方法 以常见的用于包装烧鸡的PA/Al/CPP、BOPA/LDPE,包装猪蹄的PET/PA/CPP、PET/PA/Al/CPP,包装肉肠的PVDC共挤膜、BOPP/PVDC/PE等6种材料为试验样品,分别测试其揉搓前后氧气透过量、拉伸性能、抗穿刺性能、热封强度、密封性能。结果 样品阻隔性由高到低依次为PET/PA/Al/CPP、PA/Al/CPP、PVDC共挤膜、BOPP/PVDC/PE、PET/PA/CPP、BOPA/LDPE;揉搓后PET/PA/Al/CPP阻隔性仍较高,PA/Al/CPP耐揉搓性差,出现贯穿性针孔,揉搓前后BOPA/LDPE、PET/PA/CPP的阻隔性相差不大;BOPP/PVDC/PE拉伸性能较差,横向断裂伸长率仅为28.4%,且热封强度低,其余样品的拉伸性能、抗穿刺性能、热封强度均较好;PA/Al/CPP,BOPP/PVDC/PE成品包装分别在袋体折皱处、袋体与热封口处漏气,其余样品均未漏气。结论 耐揉搓性差、拉伸性能差及热封强度低分别是烧鸡PA/Al/CPP包装、肉肠BOPP/PVDC/PE包装发生胀袋的主要原因;阻氧性偏低易导致由BOPA/LDPE,PET/PA/CPP,PVDC 5层共挤膜包装的烧鸡、猪蹄、肉肠在长时间存储时缓慢胀袋。上述样品存在的问题主要与材质结构、铝箔层质量、材料生产及热封工艺有关。     

拉伸对PA6/PET/AX8900薄膜直线易撕裂性能的影响

以PA6为基体，引入PET相，制备五种不同配比的PA6/PET/AX8900复合材料薄膜和双向拉伸薄膜，采用SEM、DMA、DSC等研究了双向拉伸前后PA6/PET/AX8900复合材料薄膜的微观形貌、热力学和结晶行为，探讨了复合材料薄膜的直线撕裂性能、力学性能、阻隔性能和光学性能，同时研究相容剂EAG(AX8900)对PA6与PET相容性的影响。研究结果表明，添加3%AX8900对PA6/PET复合材料薄膜有明显的增容效果，PET在PA6基体中分散良好；当PET添加量从0%增加到35%时，PA6/PET/AX8900复合材料薄膜熔点降低，与此同时，由于PET中刚性苯环的存在，结晶温度从187.01℃下降到183.47℃。力学性能测试显示，当PET添加量为25%时，PA6/PET/AX8900薄膜拉伸强度相较于纯PA6膜提升25%,断裂伸长率基本不变。当拉伸比为3×1时，PET添加量为25%的PA6/PET/AX8900双向拉伸薄膜的拉伸强度较纯PA6提高了88%。直线易撕裂测试结果表明，当PET添加量从0%增加到25%时，复合材料薄膜的撕裂偏差从100%降低到46%。PET添加量为2...     

Al／PET和Cu／PET蒸镀膜包装材料附着力及微观结构的研究

利用真空镀方法在聚酯(PET)薄膜上沉积Al(Cu),制得Al/PET(Cu/PET)复合薄膜包装材料。用直接牵引拉伸法和划痕法测定这两种薄膜的附着力,获得其附着力与蒸镀条件(真空度、温度、蒸发时间)的规律;用扫描电镜(SEM)观察镀层微观结构,得到镀层晶粒度与蒸镀条件的对应关系;用金相显微镜测量镀层厚度,获得镀层厚度与时间的对应关系。     

聚酰亚胺/纳米Al_2O_3三层复合薄膜的制备

将掺杂纳米Al2O3的聚酰胺酸与未掺杂聚酰胺酸在玻璃板上逐层涂膜,热亚胺化制备了3层聚酰亚胺/纳米Al2O3复合薄膜.采用扫描电镜(SEM)对该薄膜的微观形貌进行了表征,测试了薄膜的热稳定性、力学性能及电击穿场强.结果表明,复合薄膜的热性能及电击穿场强均高于掺杂薄膜及未掺杂膜,当热失重达到10%时,复合薄膜的热分解温度达到了629.1℃;与掺杂薄膜相比,复合薄膜的力学性能得到明显提高,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为117.4 MPa和18.5%.     

高温蒸煮袋干式复合工艺研究

使用干式复合法制备了结构为PET 12μm/Al 9μm/PA66 15μm/CPP 70μm的蒸煮包装袋;优化了聚氨酯胶的涂布量和熟化工艺;考察了复合膜阻隔O2和水蒸气的能力;并检测了复合膜的溶剂残留量.结果表明,该工艺生产的高温蒸煮袋质量较优.     

PET、PA6结晶度对其复合体系界面张力的影响

探讨了PET/PA6中空桔瓣型纺粘复合长丝的裂离机理,研究了PET及PA6结晶度与其表面张力的关系。为研究PET/PA6桔瓣型双组分纺粘-水刺非织造布成形过程中复合纺丝冷却牵伸工艺条件下纤维的结晶度对复合纤维界面张力的影响,对不同成形条件下PET、PA6薄膜的表面张力变化进行讨论,分别用去离子水和二碘甲烷测定了与不同结晶度的PET、PA6薄膜的接触角,计算其表面张力。结果表明,随着PET、PA6结晶度的增加,其表面张力相应增大,两相体系的界面张力也呈增大趋势。     

SiOx/PET复合薄膜的力学性能及阻隔性能

目的基于氧化硅(SiO_x)镀层优异的性能,研究不同厚度的SiO_x层对SiO_x/PET复合薄膜力学性能和阻隔性能的影响,以期得到性能较优的SiO_x/PET复合薄膜。方法以自制的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜为基材,采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法沉积得到SiO_x层厚度分别为40,150,230,320 nm的SiO_x/PET复合薄膜,并进行傅里叶变换红外线光谱分析、力学性能和阻隔性能测试,以及薄膜表观形貌分析。结果沉积SiO_x层后,SiO_x/PET复合薄膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随SiO_x层厚度的增大先增大后减小,氧气透过率和水蒸气透过率则出现明显衰减而后逐渐平缓的趋势。SiO_x层厚度达150~230 nm时,复合薄膜的力学性能和阻隔性能表现较优,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、氧气透过率以及水蒸气透过率分别提高了约25.0%,20.9%,79.3%,77.3%。结论适宜厚度的SiO_x层可以使得SiO_x/PET复合薄膜同时具备较优的力学性能和阻隔性能。     

软包装检测技术专业论坛即将推出

常用包装各种塑料、树脂的缩写代号如下:材料名称缩写代号材料名称缩写代号丙烯睛一丁二烯一苯乙烯共聚物ABS拉伸聚苯乙烯薄膜OPS双向拉伸聚丙烯薄膜BOPP单面防潮玻璃纸MOT醋酸纤维素CA单面防潮、有热合性的玻璃纸.MSOT核甲基纤维素CMC双面防潮、有热合性的玻璃纸MST石肖酸纤维素CN双面防潮、无热合性的玻璃纸MT丙酸纤维素CP聚烯胺(尼龙)PA流延聚丙烯薄膜(未拉伸)CPP聚内烯酸户AA乙基纤维素三C聚丙烯睛户AN离子键聚合物10nomeF聚碳酸配醋PC环氧树脂E尸聚乙烯户E乙烯一丙烯共聚物E/尸聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇醋PET乙烯一乙酸…     

复合纸桶包装火炸药的研究

用复合纸筒外包装和PET/AI/PE复合薄膜包装袋的内包装,是火炸药的一种新型包装设计,通过工艺研究试验和部队运输,长储等实际考核,证明可达到美军火药包装乙级标准,纸筒包装炸药可达美军通用标准。对包装工艺,设计和试验作了评展介绍,同时提出了改进意见。     

夹具间距对PA/PE薄膜拉伸性能测试结果的影响

薄膜的拉伸性能是塑料薄膜产品力学性能的重要性能参数和检测指标,在新的薄膜拉伸国家标准中,有采用夹具法测量其断裂标称应变。本文选用断裂标称应变较大的PA/PE薄膜,选用(50~125)mm的夹具间距,研究夹具间距的大小对薄膜拉伸强度和断裂标称应变的影响,得出以下结论:夹具间距对PA/PE薄膜的断裂标称应变有影响,对其拉伸强度无明显影响;由于夹持端内部分材料参与了变形,导致断裂标称应变值大于真实值。夹具间距越大,断裂标称应变值越小,也越接近于真实值;对于PA/PE薄膜材料,夹具间距为100mm是比较合适的。     

植物油类调味品防漏油包装材料及措施探索

目的 寻找合适的植物油调味品包装材料、试验配件,以获取热封压力范围,解决植物油调味品行业实际生产中产品包装漏油问题。方法 采用PA15/PE62,PA15/PE65,PA15/PE55,PET/PET镀铝/PE,PET/Al/PE,PET12/PE38等7种包装材料,在使用自动制袋式填充包装机实际生产环境下进行50,150,300 g等3种规格的清油类底料灌装,并施加30 kg重物进行90 d储存试验,每隔15 d观察包装的封口质量;添加热封压力调节配件,在实际生产中可间接指示热封压力范围,进而探索不同材质的热封压力调节范围。结果 在进行了90 d压力储存后,发现3种规格的样品包装材料漏油率在0~17.95%之间,其中PA15/PE62在50,150,300 g等3种规格下的漏油率均为0,可见该材质在现有生产条件下能够有效缓解漏油现象;该压力配件效果较好,得出2种卷料的热封调节配件调节圈数集中在7.4~6.25圈,7.4~5.75圈。结论 PA15/PE65能有效缓解实际生产中的热封部位断根现象、漏油现象;该压力配件的使用便于生产企业找寻热封压力与热封温度的平衡点,进而缓解漏油现象。     

熟制玉米的蒸煮袋包装设计

将高温蒸煮技术与熟制玉米的包装相结合,围绕蒸煮袋的结构、选材及材料厚度的确定等内容对熟制玉米进行蒸煮包装设计。根据被包装玉米的尺寸及性能要求,设计该蒸煮包装袋为四面封口的直立袋结构,包装尺寸为24.5 cm×12.5 cm,材料结构为PET15/PA15/PVDC7/CPP50;并根据熟制玉米的最大允许透水量、设计所用材料的透湿系数和厚度对材料进行保质期验算。通过对所设计蒸煮袋的热封试验,确定了其最佳热封参数:热封压力为50~100 kPa,热封温度为135~145℃,热封时间为2~3 s。     

Effects of film tension and contamination on the seal quality of flexible food packaging films made of polypropylene and low density polyethylene blends containing talc filler

Seal integrity and seal strength are important requirements in the heat sealing of flexible packaging. In this article, the influence of talc compounds and different process parameters, such as film tension and contamination on the sealant films consisting of polypropylene and low-density polyethylene blend were investigated. According to the results, increasing the talc ratio from 0% wt to 30% wt positively influenced both hot and cold seal strength. Among different polymer blends having same talc ratio, the sample having the lowest melt flow index (2.84 dg/min at 230°C and 2.16 kg) showed the highest cold seal strength with 9.07 N/25 mm. On the other hand, in the samples with higher melt flow indexes, less seal integrity issues were observed in the presence of contaminants. Elevated film tensions from 0 to 0.4 N/mm² enhanced the seal strengths significantly at the seal initiation temperatures of each film. However, this situation changed at higher operating temperatures due to the increased orientation and brittleness. Besides, in the presence of contaminant coffee particles at the seal interphase, high film tensions adversely affected the seal integrity since the average leakage increased 2.7% for samples A and B, and 7.4% for sample C. In summary, it has been shown that talc incorporation can improve seal strength, high MFI can fill the gaps at the seal interphase and the high levels of film tension (above 0.16 N/mm²) during sealing as well as the contamination need to be avoided to ensure integrity sealing.     

PET/PE复合材料最佳热封工艺参数研究

PET/PE复合薄膜广泛应用于食品和药品包装,但在生产过程中存在热封质量不稳定的问题,为了探索PET/PE复合薄膜热封质量的影响因素,采用热封机对复合材料进行热封,并用拉伸实验对热封强度进行测试,比较分析了热封方向、热封温度、热封速度对热封质量的影响作用,总结得出了PET/PE复合薄膜的最佳热封工艺参数。     

Multicriteria evaluation and optimization of the ultrasonic sealing performance based on design of experiments and response surface methodology

Proper closure is an essential packaging quality aspect and can, amongst others, be achieved with ultrasonic sealing. The ultrasonic sealing performance depends on the film type, and the seal settings, such as seal time, applied force and ultrasonic amplitude. Because these parameters are less intuitive than heat seal parameters and optimal settings are undefined for many films, this work presents an efficient approach to evaluate the effect of these settings on the ultrasonic sealing performance. An experimental design defines the experiments to perform. A response surface methodology is then used to model the relation between seal settings and sealing performance. Based on these models, the seal settings are optimized. As there are several criteria to express sealing performance, single‐criteria and multicriteria optimizations are described. The approach was illustrated for a polyethylene terephthalate/linear low‐density polyethylene‐C4 film. The seal settings were optimized to obtain high seal strength, limited ultrasonic horn displacement, and low seal energy. The optimum settings were 0.1 seconds (seal time), 4.32 N/mm (force), and 28.75 μm (amplitude). The predicted optimum strength, horn displacement, and energy were 2.32 N/mm, 40 μm, and 11.66 J, respectively. Besides the optimum, the seal window is also of interest. A broad seal window ensures sufficient seal strength for a wide range of settings. For the polyethylene terephthalate/linear low‐density polyethylene‐C4 film, a strength of ≥90% of the optimum was obtained for 39% of the input combinations within the design space. The presented approach is widely applicable (other films and sealing processes) since it is flexible in the input parameters, design, and responses.     

RZZY6000型装药机的常见故障分析与对策

文章介绍了RZZY6000型装药机的结构及工作原理，并针对灌装机过载、热合膜的安装与输送、药量的稳定性、药卷的封口质量、热合膜切刀故障、药卷破损等几个方面进行了分析与改进，有效地降低了设备的故障率，并使产能稳定在2t／h以上，装药精度控制在±40g以内，提高了设备的使用效率。实践表明该装药机是一种高效的塑膜装药机。     

Optimizing the heat sealing parameters of multilayers polymeric films

Polymer–metal multilayers have been widely used for decades in packaging industry, and more recently for vacuum insulation panels for building application. In both cases, the seal zone could represent a weak area for mechanical and barrier properties. The aim of this report is to investigate the heat sealing properties of multilayers composed of one polyethylene layer and one or three polyethylene terephthalate layers coated with aluminum. The quality of seal was quantified by peeling test and the failure mechanisms. In order to optimize the set of heat sealing parameters, a series of mechanical and morphological relevant parameters were measured and compared to the failure modes. A comparison between the sole sealant film and multilayers was performed in terms of range of optimal heat sealing parameters and mechanical behavior of seals. Although they present a much narrower range of optimal properties, the multilayers films show a strong advantage over the single films.     

水泥复膜塑编袋老化性能研究

本文研究了水泥复膜塑编袋的老化性能,通过对水泥复膜塑编袋经紫外线直接照射后的拉伸负荷和断裂强度伸长率进行了对比实验分析。结果表明,随着实验时间的不断增加,其中未填加防老化剂的水泥复膜塑编袋在夏季露天阳光直接照射30天后,断裂强度保持率14％;填加防老化剂的水泥复膜塑编袋在加速老化实验12小时后,相当于室外32天,断裂强度保持率65％。说明添加一定数量的抗老化剂比不加抗老化剂的复膜塑编袋基布断裂强度保持率明显提高,使用寿命明显改善,可以满足冬季水泥包装的需要。     

Evaluation and optimization of seal behaviour through solid contamination of heat‐sealed films

A method is presented to apply solid powder/granulate contamination (ground coffee and blood powder) in between the heat conductive seals of flexible packaging materials. A response surface method is tested and validated to optimize seal strength of heat conductive sealing with and without solid contamination. In this study, a maximal seal strength is defined as optimal. Using these methods, three typical packaging films with varying seal layer composition (metallocene linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE), plastomer, and sodium ionomer) are maximized towards contaminated seal strength. Contamination caused a decrease in seal strength and narrowed down the process window (seal temperature and time combinations) in which at least 90% of the maximal strength is obtained. The influence of seal layer composition on the clean and solid (ground coffee and blood powder) contaminated seal performance (seal strength, process window, and leak tightness) was evaluated. The film with the plastomer‐based seal layer outperformed the other films with respect to the width of the process window. It also reached a higher seal strength and a higher amount of leak tight seals (evaluated with the dye penetration test) after optimization. The hot tack test was evaluated as predictive test for the contaminated seal strength. The results of this study do not support an indicative relationship.