流动注射分析法测定食盐中的碘酸盐

本文采用流动注射分析法测定了食盐中的碘酸盐含量，最佳操作条件为０．１５％碘化钾－１．５％磷酸－０．１％淀粉溶液，水为载液，线性范围０．４～１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，检测限为０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ连续１１次测定含碘量为１８．９２ｍｇ／ｋｇ食盐样品，变异系数２．２８４％，回收率９９．８％～１００．３％。     

苄嘧黄隆分析方法研究

以甲萘威为内标物，用液相色谱分析嘧黄隆的含量，十次测定结果，其平均值为９０．０１％，标准偏差为０．３１％，变异系数为０．３３％，方法回收率为９９．２～１０１．０％。     

0.5%喹硫磷粉剂的气相色谱分析

提出用气相色谱法测定０．５％喹硫酸粉剂的含量，此法的平均回收率９８．５％，标准偏差为０．００２４２，变异系数为０．４６％，测定方法快速，准确，方便。     

浅谈复喷管喷嘴的结构

采用一阶导数分光光度法测定美沙芬和伪麻黄碱，可消除两者的相互干扰而直接测得各自的含量。其平均回收率分别为９９．７３％和９９．８３％，ＲＳＤ分别为０．６４％和０．４８％，线性相关系数均为０．９９９９８。     

高效液相色谱法测定混配除草剂中苄嘧黄隆和快杀稗的含量

选用Ｎｏｖａ－ＰａｋＣ＿（１８）柱进行反相高效液相色谱分析，以内标法定量，测定混配除草剂可湿性粉剂中苄嘧黄隆和快杀稗的含量。结果表明，各有效成分与内标物色谱峰分离完全，杂质无干扰。九次重复测定苄嘧黄隆和快杀稗含量的标准偏差为０．８７％和０．９７％，变异系数分别为０．６９％和０．６５％，回收率分别为９９．２％～１０１．１％和９９．１％～１０１．６％。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定混合制剂中辛硫磷和久效磷的含量

采用以７０％甲醇为流动相的反相高液相色谱法测定混配乳油中的辛硫磷和久效磷，以外标法定量，结果表明：辛硫磷和久效磷含量测定的平均回收率分别为１００．２６％和９９．０３％，６次重复测定的变异系数分别为０．７５％和０．８４％。产品中的杂质与有效成分分离完全，对测定无干扰。一交进样分析的时间约为６分钟。     

气相色谱法测定4,4‘—联吡啶的含量

选用ＳＥ－３０为固定液，联苯为内标的气相色谱法测定联吡啶含量。其线性相关系数为０．９９９４，回收率达９８．６％－１０１．％，平行测定的标准偏差为０．２６，变异系数为０．３１％。     

灭幼脲悬浮剂的高效液相色谱分析

采用高效液相色谱法，使用反相色谱柱和紫外检测器，以二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为内标物，对灭幼脲悬浮剂进行分析测定。方法的标准偏差０．０３４，变异系数０．５２％，相关系数０．９９９９，回收率９９．１％￣１００．２％。     

铁（Ⅱ）－1，10，邻菲啰啉－碘化物三元配合物萃取－分光光度法测定微量铁

铁（Ⅱ）与１，１０－邻非啉及碘化物形成离子缔合型三元配合物，用三氯甲烷作萃取剂，分光光度法测定有机相中的微量铁。确定分析条件：最大吸收波长为５１５ｎｍ；缓冲溶液采用乙酸－乙酸按溶液，其ｐＨ值为５．８，用量为５．０ｍｌ；０．１５％邻菲啉用量为５．０ｍｌ，２０％碘化钾用量为０．８ｍｌ。测定人发中的微量铁，相对标准偏差为０．６７％、．６６％，加标回收率为９７．３％～１００．８％。     

新铜试剂比色法测定锅炉给水中痕量联氨研究

建立了简单迅速地利用新铜试剂光度测定联氨的方法，该法检测联氨含量准确可靠，测定范围０～０．１μｇ／ｍＬ，具有良好的线性关系，相关系数为０．９９９５；回收率为９５．３％～１０４．８％，并具有良好的稳定性和重复性。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.