一种具有普适性的功放线性化预失真方案

为解决功率放大器的非线性问题,提高功放效率,提出了一种能够应用于多种类型功放的间接结构多项式数字基带预失真方案。采取间接预失真结构规避了功放的辨识过程,选择记忆多项式模型作为预失真器能够线性化多种类型的功放,同时采用改进的抑制牛顿算法减少了参数的迭代次数和运算量。以64QAM信号作为输入,对几种典型的功放模型进行数字预失真处理,通过MATLAB仿真分析预失真前后信号的功率谱变化以及ACPR值的改变,表明该方案能够取得比较理想的预失真效果,同时证明了此预失真方案具有一定的普适性。     

自适应宽带数字预失真理论分析和仿真

研究优化宽带性能问题,在多载波调制系统中,具有较大峰均比的宽带线性调制信号经过射频功率放大器会产生非线性失真和记忆效应.为了消除功放非线性带来的影响,提出了宽带自适应数字预失真技术,采用间接学习结构设计预失真系统,记忆多项式模型进行功放辨识,并运用递推最小二乘算法更新预失真器参数.仿真结果表明,预失真器改善带外频谱抑制25dB左右,有效地补偿了功放的非线性失真和记忆效应,提高了功放效率,对通信传输质量有了提高,并为优化设计提供了参考.     

基于多项式模型的功率放大器非线性特性和预失真分析

信号在功放过程中,会产生非线性失真.因此对信号首先进行预失真处理是改善功放的非线性失真一种重要技术手段.对无记忆和有记忆的功放模型和预失真模型进行建模.利用多项式模型对功放模型进行建模,利用多项式模型和有约束优化问题来对预失真模型进行建模.对于无记忆信号,最终得到一个7次多项式的功放模型和7次多项式的预失真模型,线性化后最大可能的幅度放大倍数为1.83.对于有记忆信号,得到一个次数为5、记忆长度为3的多项式功放模型和次数为5、记忆长度为3的多项式预失真模型,线性化后最大可能的幅度放大倍数为9.48.     

功放非线性特性及预失真模型研究

针对功率放大器的非线性特性问题进行研究,分别根据无记忆和有记忆两种类型的功放特性曲线用最小二乘法拟合出功放模型,根据线性化原则以及输出幅度限制和功率最大化约束,建立预失真模型.以误差函数和工程可实现性为评价指标,从不同模型中分别选出无记忆和有记忆最优模型.仿真测试表明被选取的多项式预失真模型能够有效的改善功率放大器的非线性具有较好的抗噪性,对工程实践中预失真器的设计具有一定的指导意义.     

基于数字预失真技术的功放线性化研究

无线通信系统中,由于功放本身的非线性失真,导致信号带外产生频谱,限制了数据速率和频谱利用率。通过分析功放非线性原理,针对无记忆和记忆两种功放行为模型,提出分别采用查找表算法和最小二乘与最小均方误差相结合的算法进行线性优化。在Matlab环境下创建数字基带预失真链路模型。仿真结果表明,预失真器对两种模型中功率谱密度的改善分别达到39dB和15dB,提高了功放效率,降低了邻道干扰。针对不同功放类型的线性化进行对比研究讨论,并选择出适合不同功放的最优算法,具有较好的预失真效果,为设计实际功放线性化电路具有指导意义。     

基于直接学习法的一种新预失真器

为了克服宽带信号经过记忆放大器的非线性失真,针对有记忆非线性功放的多项式模型,提出了一种新的基于直接学习法的自适应算法.该算法采用无记忆预失真器的级联扩展,具有横向滤波器结构,与记忆多项式有相似的线性化效果.并且针对信号噪声对自适应算法的扰动和收敛速度慢等缺点,采用归一化LMS算法加以改进.在非线性功放的记忆多项式模型下,通过宽带信号验证了基于直接学习法的记忆型预失真器算法的有效性.     

一种记忆功率放大器自适应线性化仿真

为了更好地实现有记忆功率放大器高效率而又高线性的工作.对两种常用的描述功率放大器的记忆效应和非线性特征的模型--W-H模型和记忆多项式模型进行了自适应线性化仿真,采用AM/AM和AM/PM失真特性对由于功放特性不理想而引起的放大信号的振幅畸变及相位偏移进行描述,运用自适应预失真处理方法,进行记忆预失真的模拟,并用误差矢量值(EVM)衡量这种自适应预失真方法的效果.仿真结果表明,文中的自适应预失真方法对上述两种记忆功放模型具有较好的线性化效果.     

基于BP神经网络的透明转发卫星功放预失真

研究卫星通信功放性能优化问题,传统的预失真技术通常用来补偿地面功放的非线性失真或仅考虑卫星功放的失真补偿,线性化性能有限.为解决上述问题,提出了一种适合透明转发卫星的星地一体BP神经网络预失真算法.改进算法的学习结构同时考虑了卫星地球站固态功放和透明转发卫星功放的记忆非线性特性,利用带抽头延迟的BP神经网络作为预失真器,并结合收敛速度较快的Levenberg-Marquardt算法对其权值和阈值矢量进行自适应更新.仿真结果表明,经过神经网络预失真的星座图误差矢量幅度改善了84.67％,输出信号功率谱带外再生抑制提升近了13 dB,线性化效果十分显著.     

带记忆效应的射频功放数字基带预失真

在无线通信系统中，射频大功率器是产生非线性失真的主要器件，预失真技术因其成本低廉、自适应能力强、效率高等优势成为最有发展潜力的线性化技术。本文介绍了射频功放的记忆效应及用于识别HPA记忆效应的数字预失真器的结构和特点,提出了基于Wiener模型预失真器的相关算法。通过计算机仿真验证了该算法的有效性以及基于Wiener模型的数字预失真技术能够有效改善记忆功放的线性化，从而提高发射机的整体性能。     

一种高效的功放自适应预失真器设计

在对高功率放大器(HPA)进行自适应预失真过程中,为提高自适应算法运用的灵活性和自适应的收敛速率,解决幅度自适应预处理过程中对幅度过度压缩而影响功放输出功率和效率的问题,设计出一种高效的HPA自适应预失真器。该方案中幅度、相位预失真器相级联,对幅度预失真器采用间接自适应结构进行训练;相位预失真器直接对功放幅度-相位(AM-PM)特性进行辨识,然后取反得到,AM-PM特性辨识器同时又是相位预失真器,能够提高HPA自适应预失真过程中自适应算法运用的灵活性和自适应收敛速率;幅度预失真器基于正弦函数系模型,自适应预失真过程可以同时兼顾功放效率、输出功率和线性度3项重要指标。最后以M-QAM和双音信号为例进行仿真测试,验证了该方法的优势。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.