战时物流配送车辆路径优化问题

采用一种新的信息素更新方式对传统蚁群算法进行改进,有效解决了带硬时间窗的车辆路径优化问题;建立考虑战场环境中敌方火力打击影响的物流配送车辆路径优化模型,采用所提算法得出优化路线;进一步考虑不同作战单元对物资需求的可能变化,将排队策略用于算法求解过程,得出适应需求变化的后续配送路线,并通过仿真实验结果验证了相应配送路线的合理性.     

考虑随机旅行时间与二维装载约束的越库配送车辆路径优化

面向越库配送模式下二维装载和车辆路径联合优化,考虑现实配送过程的不确定性因素,提出考虑随机旅行时间和二维装载约束的越库配送车辆路径问题.基于蒙特卡洛模拟与场景分析方法,建立以运输成本、车辆固定成本以及时间窗期望惩罚成本之和最小化为目标的带修正随机规划模型.继而根据问题特征,设计改进的自适应禁忌搜索算法和基于禁忌搜索的多重排序最佳适应装箱算法进行求解.其中,改进的自适应禁忌搜索算法在禁忌搜索算法的基础上引入自适应机制,对不同邻域算子进行动态选择,并提出基于移除-修复策略的多样性机制以增强算法的寻优能力.数值实验表明,所提出的模型与方法能够有效求解考虑随机旅行时间和二维装载约束的越库配送车辆路径问题,自适应与多样性机制能一定程度上增强算法的全局搜索能力.     

基于模糊时间窗的多目标冷链配送优化

随着生鲜冷链行业竞争逐渐白热化,成本高、时效性强、新鲜度难以保持等问题已成为制约冷链物流配送的瓶颈。为提高生鲜配送效率,考虑客户满意度,以货损成本、惩罚成本等综合配送成本最低为目标函数,构建了一个多目标配送路径优化模型。设计带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法（Elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm,NSGA-II）求解该问题,利用Solomon标准数据集进行仿真模拟实验。实验结果对比分析表明,考虑满意度时冷链物流配送所需车辆更少,总路径长度更短,设计的算法可以在较短的时间内获取到帕累托最优解集,能够有效地解决模糊时间窗下的配送路径优化问题。     

不确定环境下的危险品运输车辆路径优化

针对非满载危险品运输车辆路径优化问题,通过模糊变量刻画运输过程中的人口密度、行驶速度与运输时间以及客户需求量等方面的不确定因素,考虑载货量变化对风险评估的影响,建立基于动态载货量的风险评估模型,以运输总风险、车辆总行程、车辆使用数最小为优化目标,同时兼顾时间窗、事故概率、载货量等约束构建了不确定环境下的危险品运输车辆路径多目标优化模型。将NSGA-II算法与LNS算法相结合,设计混合NSGA-II算法求解模型。结果表明,混合NSGA-II算法可以获得空间分布均匀且收敛性较好的Pareto解集,不同运输参与者可根据自身偏好在解集中选择相应的配送方案;该算法得到的最优总风险、总行程及车辆使用数目分别比NSGA-II算法优化了11.5%、1.0%和14.3%,算法搜索性能和求解精度明显提高。     

基于混合平衡优化算法的疫苗配送路径优化

针对疫苗配送路径优化问题,在同时考虑固定成本、运输成本、制冷成本、碳排放成本和惩罚成本的情况下,提出以疫苗配送成本最小化为目标的车辆路径优化模型。为求解模型,在平衡优化器算法中引入模拟退火算法,改进平衡优化器算法容易陷入局部最优的不足,通过加入可变参数,提升算法平衡全局搜索和局部寻优的能力,得到一个能够稳定求出较高质量解的混合平衡优化算法。对2种不同规模的算例分别进行20次实验,将混合平衡优化算法与并行平衡优化算法、知识型蚁群算法、混合变邻域搜索算法、改进混合粒子群算法和平衡优化器算法进行对比。实验结果表明,混合平衡优化算法在小规模算例和大规模算例下得到的最小配送成本和配送成本的标准差都小于其他5种算法,其中,在小规模算例下进行实验后得到的最小配送成本分别为其他5种算法的73.5%、53.9%、69.1%、64.1%和33.4%。     

改进多目标进化算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题

针对加工时间为模糊数的柔性作业车间调度问题,考虑最小化模糊最大完工时间、模糊机器总负荷、模糊关键机器负荷为优化目标,提出一种有效求解该类优化问题的多目标进化算法。算法采用一种混合不同机器分配和工序排序策略的方法产生初始种群,并采用插入空隙法对染色体进行解码。定义一种新的基于可能度的个体支配关系和一种基于决策空间的拥挤算子,并将所提支配关系和拥挤算子运用于快速非支配排序。接着,提出一种基于移动模糊关键工序的局部搜索策略对种群中的优势个体进行局部搜索。通过试验研究关键参数对算法性能的影响并将所提算法与3种不同的优化算法作对比。结果表明,所提算法能够比其它算法更有效解决多目标模糊柔性作业车间调度优化问题。     

连续空间优化问题的自适应蚁群系统算法

蚁群算法是进化计算中一种新型优化算法,其基本算法用于求解排序类型的组合优化问题本文提出一种用于连续空间优化问题求解的蚁群算法,采用了新的基于目标函数值的启发式信息素分配算法,以及搜索过程中最优解的筛选方法.根据目标函数来自适应调整蚂蚁的路径搜索行为,从而保证算法快速找到全局最优解.一个多极值点的连续优化问题求解实例证明了该方法的有效性     

基于改进蚁群算法的物流配送路径优化

随着社会的不断进步,配送车辆最短路径优化问题已广泛应用于交通运输、网络购物、物流配送等与生产生活息息相关的问题,然而配送车辆路径优化的计算比较复杂.文中建立在带约束条件的多车辆物流配送问题模型的基础上,运用改进的蚁群算法解决物流配送过程中的路径选择问题.通过对信息索的全局和局部更新规则进行改进,和传统的最值蚁群算法进行比较,算法的收敛速度和全局搜索能力得到提高.文中最后成功将改进后的蚁群算法应用于多车辆物流调度路径优化问题.结果表明该优化算法性能受优.     

混合并行机调度问题的多目标优化模型及算法

针对生产工序的合并造成一种串并联共存的生产布局,研究了一种特殊的混合并行机调度问题,并考虑以最小化总流水时间和最小化总延迟工件数量为目标的多目标调度问题,建立了混合整数规划模型.针对模型特点,设计了一种改进的非支配排序遗传算法进行求解,采用基于启发式方法的初始种群生成方式以提高种群的质量和多样性,并引入一种局域搜索策略以改善求解算法所获得的非支配解的质量及分布性.通过对大量数值算例进行仿真实验,并与典型的多目标优化算法进行比较,结果表明所提出的模型和算法在收敛性、分布性及极端点质量方面均具有优势,能够较好的解决多目标混合并行机调度问题.     

一种求解多目标优化问题的进化算法混合框架

为了提高多目标优化算法的求解性能,提出一种启发式的基于种群的全局搜索与局部搜索相结合的多目标进化算法混合框架.该框架采用模块化、系统化的设计思想,不同模块可以采用不同策略构成不同的算法.采用经典的改进非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)和基于分解的多目标进化算法(MOEA/D)作为进化算法的模块算法来验证所提混合框架的有效性.数值实验表明,所提混合框架具有良好性能,可以兼顾算法求解的多样性和收敛性,有效提升现有多目标进化算法的求解性能.     

Vehicle power train optimization using multi-objective bird swarm algorithm

In this paper, a multi-objective bird swarm algorithm (MOBSA) is proposed to cope with multi-objective optimization problems. The algorithm is explored based on BSA which is an evolutionary algorithm suitable for single objective optimization. In this paper, non-dominated sorting approach is used to distinguish optimal solutions and parallel coordinates is applied to evaluate the distribution density of non-dominated solution and further update the external archive when it is full to overflowing, which ensure faster convergence and more widespread of Pareto front. Then, the MOBSA is adopted to optimize benchmark problems. The results demonstrate that MOBSA gets better performance compared with NSGA-II and MOPSO. Since a vehicle power train problem could be treated as a typical multi-objective optimization problem with constraints, with integration of constrained non-dominated solution, MOBSA is adopted to acquire optimal gear ratios and optimize vehicle power train. The results compared with other popular algorithm prove the proposed algorithm is more suitable for constrained multi-objective optimization problem in engineering field.

     

膜系统下的一种多目标优化算法

提出一种基于膜优化理论的多目标优化算法,该算法受膜计算的启发,结合膜结构、多重集和反应规则来求解多目标优化问题。为了增强算法的适应能力,采用了遗传算法中的交叉与变异机制,同时在膜中引入外部档案集,并采用非支配排序和拥挤距离方法对外部档案集进行更新操作来提高搜索解的多样性。仿真实验采用标准的KUR和ZDT系列多目标问题对所提出的算法进行测试,通过该算法得出的非支配解集能够较好地逼近真实的Pareto前沿,说明所提算法在求解多目标优化问题上具有可行性和有效性。     

An enhanced ant colony optimization (EACO) applied to capacitated vehicle routing problem

In this paper, an enhanced ant colony optimization (EACO) is proposed for capacitated vehicle routing problem. The capacitated vehicle routing problem is to service customers with known demands by a homogeneous fleet of fixed capacity vehicles starting from a depot. It plays a major role in the field of logistics and belongs to NP-hard problems. Therefore, it is difficult to solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem directly when solutions increase exponentially with the number of serviced customers. The framework of this paper is to develop an enhanced ant colony optimization for the capacitated vehicle routing problem. It takes the advantages of simulated annealing and ant colony optimization for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem. In the proposed algorithm, simulated annealing provides a good initial solution for ant colony optimization. Furthermore, an information gain based ant colony optimization is used to ameliorate the search performance. Computational results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to original ant colony optimization and simulated annealing separately reported on fourteen small-scale instances and twenty large-scale instances.     

An efficient metamodel-based multi-objective multidisciplinary design optimization framework

This paper presents an efficient metamodel-based multi-objective multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) architecture for solving multi-objective high fidelity MDO problems. One of the important features of the proposed method is the development of an efficient surrogate model-based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (EMOPSO) algorithm, which is integrated with a computationally efficient metamodel-based MDO architecture. The proposed EMOPSO algorithm is based on sorted Pareto front crowding distance, utilizing star topology. In addition, a constraint-handling mechanism in non-domination appointment and fuzzy logic is also introduced to overcome feasibility complexity and rapid identification of optimum design point on the Pareto front. The proposed algorithm is implemented on a metamodel-based collaborative optimization architecture. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with existing multi-objective optimization algorithms such as multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), using a number of well-known benchmark problems. One of the important results observed is that the proposed EMOPSO algorithm provides high diversity with fast convergence speed as compared to other algorithms. The proposed method is also applied to a multi-objective collaborative optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle wing based on high fidelity models involving structures and aerodynamics disciplines. The results obtained show that the proposed method provides an effective way of solving multi-objective multidisciplinary design optimization problem using high fidelity models.     

多目标优化的多种群混合行为二元蚁群算法

针对二元蚁群算法在求解多目标问题时难以同时得到多个解和难以得到Pareto曲面的缺陷,使用多种群策略,改善算法的全局搜索能力,引入环境评价/奖励因子和蚁群混合行为搜索机制,提出了多种群混合行为二元蚁群算法。通过对几个不同带约束多目标函数的测试,实验结果表明该算法在保证全局搜索能力的基础上,拥有很好的多目标求解能力。     

求解包含复杂关联约束的JSSP 的二级嵌套混合算法

作业车间调度问题(JSSP)包含“设备分配”和“工序排序” 2 个相互耦合的子问题,目 前的研究主要集中于工序串行的小规模问题。如果工序之间还存在并行、甚至嵌套等复杂关联 约束,则可行域性状非常复杂,当规模较大时,甚至难以求得可行解。针对以上难点问题,在 分别发挥遗传算法求解“分配问题”和蚁群算法求解“排序问题”的优势基础上,提出了二级嵌套 模型及其基本思路。通过一系列改进策略,如：基于工序的整数编码策略、基于设备类型的多 节点交叉策略、设备类别区间内基因互换的变异策略、基于逆向遍历的可行路径形成策略、基 于最短加工时间的信息素播洒与更新策略等等,构造了集成遗传算法与蚁群算法于同一循环体 的二级嵌套混合算法。针对中等规模问题,分别采用遗传算法、蚁群算法、二级嵌套蚁群算法、 遗传算法与蚁群算法相结合的二级嵌套混合算法,进行了对比试验研究。结果验证了所提算法 的可靠性和优越性,为求解包含复杂关联约束的JSSP 提供了新思路和新方法。     

采用双档案协同进化离散多目标烟花算法的低碳疫苗冷链优化配送

建立低碳疫苗冷链配送问题的约束多目标优化模型,在满足可用车数量、车辆容量约束和时间窗约束的条件下,考虑最小化碳排放的企业运输成本和客户不满意度。提出一种双档案协同进化的离散多目标烟花算法,采用消除车辆数量和容量约束的解码方式,设计了部分映射爆炸算子,设置可行解档案和不可行解档案协同进化,并对不可行解档案实施可行性搜索。实验结果表明,与已有算法相比,所提算法在低碳疫苗冷链配送问题上能高效地搜索到一组收敛精度和分布性能更优的Pareto非支配解。     

An ant colony optimization algorithm for the bi-objective shortest path problem

Multi-objective shortest path problem (MOSP) is an extension of a traditional single objective shortest path problem that seeks for the efficient paths satisfying several conflicting objectives between two nodes of a network. MOSP is one of the most important problems in network optimization with wide applications in telecommunication industries, transportation and project management. This research presents an algorithm based on multi-objective ant colony optimization (ACO) to solve the bi-objective shortest path problem. To analyze the efficiency of the algorithm and check for the quality of solutions, experimental analyses are conducted. Two sets of small and large sized problems that generated randomly are solved. Results on the set problems are compared with those of label correcting solutions that is the most known efficient algorithm for solving MOSP. To compare the Pareto optimal frontiers produced by the suggested ACO algorithm and the label correcting algorithm, some performance measures are employed that consider and compare the distance, uniformity distribution and extension of the Pareto frontiers. The results on the set of instance problems show that the suggested algorithm produces good quality non-dominated solutions and time saving in computation of large-scale bi-objective shortest path problems.     

基于支配强度的NSGA2改进算法

NSGA2是一种简单、高效且被广泛使用的多目标进化算法(Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm,MoEA),但在求解实际工程领域中的高维、复杂非线性多目标优化问题(Multi-objective Optimization Problems,MOP)时,存在无法有效识别伪非支配解、计算效率低、解集收敛性和分布性较差等设计缺陷。对此,文中提出一种基于支配强度的NSGA2改进算法(INSGA2-DS)。新算法采用快速支配强度排序法构造非支配集,引入了考虑方差的拥挤距离公式,并通过自适应精英保留策略动态调整精英保留规模。基于标准测试函数的仿真实验表明,INSGA2-DS算法较好地改善了NSGA2算法的收敛性和分布性。