一种TP-801单板机打印接口和程序

本文介绍一种TP-801单板机与通用打印机μ80连接的硬件接口和实用程序。它增强单板机的开发功能,尤其为用于EPROM编程、文本打印和保存提供了很大的方便。该接口电路简单、使用方便、通用性好,可用于其它Z-80单板机及具有并行接口的宽行打印机的连接。     

单次性脉冲磁场的测量原理及实现方法

单次性脉冲磁场在各种高能加速器中有着重要的应用。本文主要介绍单次性脉冲磁场波形、场型分布、磁场幅度绝对值的测量原理和实现方法。在场型分布测量中,着重介绍了误差的消除方法和利用微型计算机或单板机实现数字化测量。     

用于放射性测量的快响应单板机计数率仪

本文介绍了一种结构简便、响应速度快、测量精度高的单板机计数率仪,可用于放射性计数率或积分计数的自动监测记录。由于采用了单板计算机,该装置能数字显示及自动打印测量结果。     

用于普通能谱实验室的基于VME总线的数据获取系统研制

介绍了一套基于VME总线的实验室数据获取系统的设计及应用。此系统主要针对普通核物理或探测器实验室的实验探测器系统,获取系统硬件用通用ADC插件作为模数转换,用基于VME总线的单板机算计进行数据传输。获取程序基于ROOT数据处理平台,可实现在线监控数据,并使用直方图等数据格式将数据存储。通过这套系统获得的碲锌镉探测器对241Am的59 keVγ射线能谱,数据获取速率达4 MB/s。这套数据获取系统可很好地应用在探测器测试及相关实验领域。     

用Z80单板机实现氡气浓度的自动连续测量

本文较详细地介绍了应用间断取样,连续测量的方法,用Z80单板机进行自动连续测氡的实验装置及其工作原理和应用程序。实验表明,它与KF-602测氡仪单次取样,单次测量的结果相符。     

可编程序控制器

本文叙述了采用一台DBJ-Z80单板机对强流脉冲中性源的供电系统进行实时控制的方案。给出了软件主程序流程图和硬件主要电路,以及设计中的某些指导思想和技术特点,也介绍了所采取的若干抗干扰措施。程控器能在较强的线路干扰和电磁场干扰下可靠工作。     

核电站燃料元件UO_2芯块中~(225)U同位素丰度无损分析方法

介绍了γ射线能谱法分析UO_2芯块的~(235)U同位素丰度的方法。采用单板机自动控制送样,带孔NaI晶体探测器与微机1024道脉冲幅度分析器组成测量系统,可连续测量多块样品,每个芯块的测量时间为100s,对3.00％的丰度来说,相对误差小于±0.5％,可信度为95％,当延长测量时间时,还可进一步提高精确度。     

核电站燃料元件UO_2芯块中~(235)U同位素丰度无损分析方法

介绍了γ射线能谱法分析UO_2芯块的~(235)U同位素丰度的方法。采用单板机自动控制送样,带孔NaI晶体探测器与微机1024道脉冲幅度分析器组成测量系统,可连续测量多块样品,每个芯块的测量时间为100s,对3.00％的丰度来说,相对误差小于±0.5％,可信度为95％,当延长测量时间时,还可进一步提高精确度。     

热释光仪的微机控制

图1为热释光仪的方框图,它由探测器、光能转换、采样接口、Z80单板机、控制接口、加热系统、显示器和微型打印机等部分组成。磷光体A被加热,在一定的温度下释放出热释光,探测器的光路系统吸收此光并转换成电流,再将此电流变换为频率送入采样接口,经采样接口缓冲后把数     

核电站稳压器水位控制系统数字化的实现及优化方案

根据模拟稳压器水位控制系统结构、功能以及运行原理的分析,展开对稳压器水位控制系统数字化的研究。在选择成熟商用单板机的基础上引入了数/模,模/数转换以及控制算法等实现了稳压器水位控制系统,并和稳压器水位仿真模型构成闭环运行,通过虚拟仪器监测此控制系统的运行情况,证实了本系统达到并超过了原有模拟控制系统的功能和性能。     

微处理器在单光子电脑断层中的新应用

OMEGA500型单光子电脑断层(SPECT)系统是美国制造的一种比较先进的核医学系统。最近,由于采用了SENTINEL微处理器,使该系统以崭新的面目出现。 新设计的SENTINEL数字微处理器代替了原来OMEGA500中的某些电子学线路,可以提供一套系统校刻参数。这些校刻参数能提高SPECT系统总的性能,包括能量分辨率、线性度和均匀性。     

基于离散纵标法与蒙特卡罗方法的三维耦合程序开发

辐射屏蔽设计是核装置工程设计的核心内容之一。单一的离散纵标法(比如SN)或蒙特卡罗方法(MC)在大型核装置屏蔽计算分析方面均存在一定限制。为了满足大型复杂核装置精确辐射屏蔽计算要求,本文实现了三维SN-MC耦合方法,并发展了相应的三维耦合程序系统。该程序结合了SN方法解决深穿透问题的优势和MC方法模拟复杂几何的长处,克服两种方法的缺点,为保证屏蔽系统优化设计的质量提供有力的技术支持。采用接口程序和MC自定义源抽样程序将SN计算得到的粒子角注量率转换为MC计算所需的源粒子信息,为下一步MC计算提供源项,实现三维SN-MC耦合输运计算。采用MC、SN、SN-MC耦合三种方法对直角坐标系和圆柱坐标系下的测试例题进行了计算比较分析。计算结果吻合良好,初步证明了所开发的三维SN-MC耦合程序的正确性。     

CAE application for the preparation of structural dynamic models

The manual activities involved in the preparation of large dynamic structural models can be substantially eliminated by using CAE methods. Additionally, the possibility of errors is reduced. All information relating to geometry or design loads can be extracted from the CAD data base, and is visualized on the screen. It can be forwarded with the corresponding software for the preparation of the model. The control of the model preparation process is supported by the standard software of the operating system. The prepared input data is written on a file to be transferred for execution. However, if different operating systems are used for the CAD part and for the FE-analysis part, a suitable interface is requested. An interface procedure is outlined for the preparation of a lumped-mass-beam model.     

21世纪的核医学探测器

介绍了一些即将在２１世纪发挥重大作用的新的核医学探测材料和技术，包括ＬＳＯ闪烁晶体、雪崩光二极管（ＡＰＤ）、多通道光电倍增管（ＭＣ－ＰＭＴ）、半导体探测器等等。     

Development of a multidimensional model for the premixing phase of a fuel-coolant interaction

A transient, three-dimensional, four-field model is under development to deal with the premixing of large amounts of molten corium falling down in the lower plenum of a PWR. This paper presents the main features of the code, written in as mechanistic a manner as possible, in order to provide best-estimate results. Calculations with a two-dimensional, three-field version of MC3D of two FARO tests are presented.     

How to effectively compute the reliability of a thermal-hydraulic nuclear passive system

The computation of the reliability of a thermal-hydraulic (T-H) passive system of a nuclear power plant can be obtained by (i) Monte Carlo (MC) sampling the uncertainties of the system model and parameters, (ii) computing, for each sample, the system response by a mechanistic T-H code and (iii) comparing the system response with pre-established safety thresholds, which define the success or failure of the safety function. The computational effort involved can be prohibitive because of the large number of (typically long) T-H code simulations that must be performed (one for each sample) for the statistical estimation of the probability of success or failure. The objective of this work is to provide operative guidelines to effectively handle the computation of the reliability of a nuclear passive system. Two directions of computation efficiency are considered: from one side, efficient Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) techniques are indicated as a means to performing robust estimations with a limited number of samples: in particular, the Subset Simulation (SS) and Line Sampling (LS) methods are identified as most valuable; from the other side, fast-running, surrogate regression models (also called response surfaces or meta-models) are indicated as a valid replacement of the long-running T-H model codes: in particular, the use of bootstrapped Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is shown to have interesting potentials, including for uncertainty propagation. The recommendations drawn are supported by the results obtained in an illustrative application of literature.     

An embedded single-board computer for BPM of SSRF

An embedded single-board computer (SBC) system based on AT91RM9200 was designed for monitoring and controlling the digital beam position monitor system of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) through the Virtex-4 FPGA in the digital processing board.The SBC transfers the configuration commands from the remote EPICS to the FPGA,and calculates the beam position data.The interface between the FPGA and the SBC is the Static Memory Controller (SMC) with a peak transfer speed of up to 349 Mbps.The 100 Mb Ethernet is used for data transfer between the EPICS and SBC board,and a serial port serves as monitoring the status of the embedded system.Test results indicate that the SBC board functions well.     

BESⅢ电磁量能器宇宙线测试与刻度

通过对北京谱仪Ⅲ(BESⅢ)电磁量能器(EMC)进行宇宙线测试来检验EMC各个探测单元的电子学系统工作是否正常,电缆连接是否正确.利用实验室测量得到的晶体相对光产额(RLY)系数对无磁场的宇宙线数据进行刻度,然后与蒙特卡洛(MC)宇宙线样本进行比较,得出每个晶体探测单元的宇宙线能量刻度常数,以此作为EMC的初始能量刻度常数.     

The influence of calculated CT X-ray spectra on organ absorbed dose to a human phantom

We have evaluated the utilization of five X-ray spectra codes for Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of computed tomography (CT) examinations. Four codes (Xcomp5r, X-raytbc, X-rayb&m and Srs-78) are semi-empiricals and one is based on MC methods (EGSnrc/BEAM Monte Carlo code). The X-ray spectra calculated by the semi-empirical codes were compared with the X-ray spectrum calculated by the EGSnrc/BEAM MC code. The absorbed doses to each organ or tissue were also compared. The calculated doses, and its respective organs, for which occurs the greatest disagreement, as well as the calculated doses for the testes and red bone marrow (two important organs used for calculating effective dose) were presented. The results obtained in this work are in good agreement with those obtained by Ay [M.R. Ay, S. Sarkar, M. Shahriari, D. Sardari, H. Zaidi, Assessment of different computational models for generation of X-ray spectra in diagnostic radiology and mammography, Med. Phys. 32 (2005) 1660], mainly for the bremsstrahlung distribution. Also, it was noted that the total characteristic X-rays produced by the EGSnrc/BEAM MC code increases with the increase of voltage more intensely than with the Xcomp5r, X-raytbc and Srs-78 codes. Comparison between the absorbed dose to each organ or tissue showed that, for X-ray spectra with additional filtration, the code based on Tucker et al. is in agreement with EGSnrc/BEAM MC code. But, for X-ray spectra without additional filtration the code based on Tucker et al. model presented the strong disagreement with EGSnrc/BEAM MC code.     

MIC-80微型计算机用于液体闪烁测量的实时数据处理和控制

MIC-80微型机在YSJ型液体闪烁仪上应用之后,实现了液体闪烁测量的实时数据处理和控制。有28种程序用来进行单,双标记样品淬灭校准及误差计算、放射免疫数据处理、化学发光估算和Scatchara作图。能直观地对实验坏点予以剔除。除数据采集程序使用汇编语言编写外,整个应用程序都用Level Ⅱ Basic语言编写,使用方便,并且有可扩性。